『四聲通解』에 인용된 『蒙古韻略』과 『蒙古字韻』의 비교 연구 ― 齊薺霽韻을 중심으로

曲曉雲 ( Qu¸ Xiaoyun ) 한국중국언어학회 2020 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.91

本文首先對寧忌浮(1997)的兩個主張提出質疑, 之後用≪四聲通解≫中的記錄反駁了寧先生的主張:崔世珍所見≪蒙古韻略≫和大英博物館所藏朱宗文手抄本≪蒙古字韻≫在體例上存在著很大的不同;≪蒙古字韻≫有簡單注釋的108個韻字均見於≪蒙古韻略≫, 所以≪蒙古字韻≫和≪蒙古字韻≫原刊本亦收錄這108個韻字, 並非朱宗文所加。 接著之前的研究, 本文對≪四聲通解≫齊薺霽韻所引≪蒙古韻略≫和大英博物館所藏≪蒙古字韻≫作了收錄字和讀音上的比較, 結果是:相同韻字在≪蒙古韻略≫、≪蒙古字韻≫中的讀音完全一致, 但是兩書在收錄字上呈現不小的差異。 依據崔世珍的訓民正音轉寫和≪蒙古字韻≫、碑文、≪百家姓≫等資料中的八思巴字轉寫, 本文認為≪蒙古韻略≫支韻紙韻寘韻、≪蒙古字韻≫支韻「鷄 稽 筓 枅」、「計 係 繫 薊髻 繼」的音為[kiei];「規 □ 摫 圭 珪 邽 閨 袿 窐」、「癸」、「季 桂」的音為[kiuei]。據≪四聲通解≫, [-iuei]音≪蒙古韻略≫八思巴字轉寫為/-ioi/、/-iui/、/-ioei/、/-iuei/四種, 本文對同一韻母的不同轉寫現象作了解釋。 依據≪四聲通解≫支紙寘韻、齊薺霽韻、灰賄隊韻所引≪蒙古韻略≫的記錄和≪蒙古字韻≫等資料的八思巴字轉寫可以得出≪蒙古韻略≫支紙寘韻、≪蒙古字韻≫支韻有[-i]、 [-ɿ]、[-ʅ]、[-iei]、[-uei]、[-iuei]六個韻母的結論。 崔世珍在≪四聲通解≫裡只提及了≪千字文≫的八思巴字注音文獻≪千字蒙音≫兩次, 但是這兩次都很有分量, 體現了他重視現實音的正音觀和對語音的正確認識。 This paper first questions the two propositions of Ning Ji Fu(寧忌浮) (1997), and refutes Prof. Ning’s propositions with the records in “Sa-Seong-tong-Hae”. There is a great difference in style between the “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” seen by Choi Se-Jin and the “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun” in the British Museum; the 108 Chinese characters with simple notes are not added by Zhu Zongwen, but are included in the original editions of “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” and “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun”. This paper makes a comparison between “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” in “Sa-Seong-tong-Hae” and the “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun” in the British Museum. The result is that the The pronunciation of recorded Chinese characters in “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” and “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun” is exactly the same, but there is a big difference in the Chinese characters included in the two books. According to Choi Se-Jin’s correct transliteration of Hun-min-Jeong-Eum and the transliteration of Basiba in the materials of “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun”, inscription and surname, this paper holds that the pronunciation of the Chinese character, “鷄 稽 筓 枅, 計 係 繫 薊 髻 繼” in “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” and “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun” is [kiei], and the pronunciation of the Chinese character “規 □ 摫 圭 珪 邽 閨 袿 窐, 癸, 季 桂” is [kiuei]. According to “Sa-Seong-tong-Hae”, the [-iuei] sound “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” is translated into four kinds of characters: /-ioi/, /-iui/, /-ioei/ and /-iuei/. This paper explains the different transliteration phenomena of the same vowel. According to the records of “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” quoted by “zhī(支) zhǐ(紙) zhì(寘)” Rhyme, “Qī(齊)Jǐ(薺)Jì(霽)” Rhyme and “huī(灰) huǐ(賄) duì(隊)” Rhyme in “Sa-Seong-tong-Hae” and the rewriting of “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” and other materials such as “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun”, we can draw the conclusion that the “zhī(支) zhǐ(紙) zhì(寘)” Rhyme of “Meng-Gu-Yun-Lüe” and the “zhī(支)” rhyme of “Meng-Gu-Zi-Yun” have six yunmu(韻母): [-i], [-ɿ], [-ʅ], [-iei], [-uei] and [-iuei]. In “Sa-Seong-tong-Hae”, Choi Se-Jin only mentioned “Qian Zi Meng Yin” twice, but these two times carry great weight, which shows that he attaches importance to the correct view of realistic pronunciation and the correct understanding of phonetics.

Four new species of the genus Rhagonycha (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) from Southeast China

Xiaoyun Feng,Liu Haoyu,Yang Xing-ke,Yang Yuxia 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.4

Four new species of Rhagonycha Eschscholtz, 1830 are described, including Rh. hainanensis sp. nov. (China, Hainan), Rh. nigroimpressimima sp. nov. (China, Fujian), Rh. tumida sp. nov. and Rh. nigrotibia sp. nov. (China, Guangxi). These new species are illustrated with habitus, aedeagi, abdominal sternites VIII and internal genitalia of females. Besides, the female internal genitalia of Rh. nigroimpressa (Pic, 1922a) is illustrated for the first time to make comparison with the new species. An identification key and a distribution map of those Rhagonycha species with yellowish elytra from southeast China are present.

Xe Distribution in Xe-ion Implanted NaCl Crystal

Xiaoyun Le,Cuihua Rong,X. P. Zhou,Jiachang Liang,Zhi Liu 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.-

Former experimental results show that solid-state alkali-Xe cluster could be formed in xenon-ion-implanted alkali halide crystal. This kind of cluster makes solid state alkali metal-xenon nano-materials potential candidates for preparing UV micro-laser matrix. By means of Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and TRIM codes, Xe atom distributions are studied in this paper. The results show that Xe was found at a depth of around 250 nm. As xenon concentration increased, the number of metallic Na colloids increased as well. These metallic Na colloids were found in SEM images of our irradiated samples, and the formation of solid-state NaXe clusters in NaCl implanted by 129Xe has been used to explain the results in this paper. Former experimental results show that solid-state alkali-Xe cluster could be formed in xenon-ion-implanted alkali halide crystal. This kind of cluster makes solid state alkali metal-xenon nano-materials potential candidates for preparing UV micro-laser matrix. By means of Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and TRIM codes, Xe atom distributions are studied in this paper. The results show that Xe was found at a depth of around 250 nm. As xenon concentration increased, the number of metallic Na colloids increased as well. These metallic Na colloids were found in SEM images of our irradiated samples, and the formation of solid-state NaXe clusters in NaCl implanted by 129Xe has been used to explain the results in this paper.

The Possible Mechanisms Involved in Citrinin Elimination by Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 and the Effects of Extrinsic Factors on the Degradation of Citrinin

( Xiaoyun Zhang ),( Zhen Lin ),( Maurice Tibiru Apaliya ),( Xiangyu Gu ),( Xiangfeng Zheng ),( Lina Zhao ),( Mandour Haydar Abdelhai ),( Hongyin Zhang ),( Weicheng Hu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.12

Citrinin (CIT) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by fungi belonging to the Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Monascus spp. This toxin has been detected in many agricultural products. In this study, a strain Y3 with the ability to eliminate CIT was screened and identified as Cryptococcus podzolicus, based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region. Neither uptake of CIT by cells nor adsorption by cell wall was involved in CIT elimination by Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3. The extracellular metabolites of Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 stimulated by CIT or not showed no degradation for CIT. It indicated that CIT elimination was attributed to the degradation of intracellular enzyme(s). The degradation of CIT by C. podzolicus Y3 was dependent on the type of media, yeast concentration, temperature, pH, and initial concentration of CIT. Most of the CIT was degraded by C. podzolicus Y3 in NYDB medium at 42 h but not in PDB medium. The degradation rate of CIT was the highest (94%) when the concentration of C. podzolicus Y3 was 1 × 10⁸ cells/ml. The quantity of CIT degradation was highest at 28°C, and there was no degradation observed at 35°C. The study also showed that acidic condition (pH 4.0) was the most favorable for CIT degradation by C. podzolicus Y3. The degradation rate of CIT increased to 98% as the concentration of CIT was increased to 20 μg/ml. The toxicity of CIT degradation product(s) toward HEK293 was much lower than that of CIT.

Mixed Reality System for Virtual Chemistry Lab

( Xiaoyun Duan ),( Shin-jin Kang ),( Jong In Choi ),( Soo Kyun Kim ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.4

This paper presents a new method for improving teaching aids with the design and development of a chemistry education platform - the Mixed Reality (MR) Chemistry Lab. Our system provides a new educational experience in which students can simulate a chemistry experiment in a virtual lab and interact with objects using Oculus Helmet-Mounted Displays (HMD) and hand controller devices. The proposed system aims to familiarize students with experimental procedures and safety knowledge before conducting actual experiments. Moreover, students will be able to observe microscopic atomic structure models in three dimensions. Our research also includes a five-part, quantitative evaluation system user tests perform using a quantitative questionnaire consisting of five items, including hardware equipment, immersion, education, interaction sense of control, and degree of difficulty. The evaluation results confirm that this system will be helpful to the educational experience of conducting chemistry experiments with scientific evaluation methods, and the proposed system is also expected to have a broad range of applications in many other subjects.

Use of Magnetic Resonance Neurography for Evaluating the Distribution and Patterns of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Xiaoyun Su,Xiangquan Kong,Zuneng Lu,Min Zhou,Jing Wang,Xiaoming Liu,Xiangchuang Kong,Huiting Zhang,Chuansheng Zheng 대한영상의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.21 No.4

Objective: To evaluate the distribution and characteristics of peripheral nerve abnormalities in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) using magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) and to examine the diagnostic efficiency. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one CIDP patients and 21 controls underwent MR scans. Three-dimensional sampling perfections with application-optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolutions and T1-/T2- weighted turbo spinecho sequences were performed for neurography of the brachial and lumbosacral (LS) plexus and cauda equina, respectively. Clinical data and scores of the inflammatory Rasch-built overall disability scale (I-RODS) in CIDP were obtained. Results: The bilateral extracranial vagus (n = 11), trigeminal (n = 12), and intercostal nerves (n = 10) were hypertrophic. Plexus hypertrophies were observed in the brachial plexus of 19 patients (61.3%) and in the LS plexus of 25 patients (80.6%). Patterns of hypertrophy included uniform hypertrophy (17 [54.8%] brachial plexuses and 21 [67.7%] LS plexuses), and multifocal fusiform hypertrophy (2 [6.5%] brachial plexuses and 4 [12.9%] LS plexuses) was present. Enlarged and/or contrast-enhanced cauda equina was found in 3 (9.7%) and 13 (41.9%) patients, respectively. Diameters of the brachial and LS nerve roots were significantly larger in CIDP than in controls (p < 0.001). The largest AUC was obtained for the L5 nerve. There were no significant differences in the course duration, I-RODS score, or diameter between patients with and without hypertrophy. Conclusion: MRN is useful for the assessment of distribution and characteristics of the peripheral nerves in CIDP. Compared to other regions, LS plexus neurography is more sensitive for CIDP.

Studies on phosphorus deficiency in the Qianbei-Pockmarked goat

Xiaoyun Shen,Yongkuan Chi,Bin Huo,Kangning Xiong 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.6

Objective: Qianbei-Pockmarked goats are affected by a disorder locally referred to as ‘Ruanguzheng Disorder’, which is characterized by emaciation, lameness, muscular relaxation, stiffness of the extremities, and abnormal curvatures of the long bones. Our objective was to determine the relationship between the disorder and phosphorus deficiency. Methods: Tissue samples were collected from affected and healthy animals, while soil and herbage samples were collected from affected and healthy pastures. Biochemical parameters were determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer (OLYMPUS AU 640, Olympus Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan). Mineral contents in soil, forage, and tissue were determined using a Perkin-Elmer AAS5000 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, CT, USA). Results: The results showed that phosphorus contents in herbages from affected pastures were markedly lower than those from healthy areas (p<0.01), and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus in the affected herbages was 12.93:1. The phosphorus contents of wool, blood, tooth, and bone from affected animals were also markedly lower than those from healthy animals (p<0.01). Serum phosphorus values in affected animals were much lower than those in healthy animals, while serum alkaline phosphatase values from affected animals were markedly higher than those from healthy animals (p<0.01). Inorganic phosphorus values from affected animals were approximately half of that in the control group. Supplementation of disodium hydrogen phosphate prevented and cured the disorder. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that Ruanguzheng disorder in Qianbei-Pockmarked goats is primarily caused by phosphorus deficiencies in herbage due to fenced pastures and natural habitat fragmentation.

Atmospheric Corrosion of 7B04 Aluminum Alloy in Marine Environments

( Xiaoyun Zhang ),( Ming Liu ),( Feng Lu ),( Minghui Liu ),( Zhihua Sun ),( Zhihui Tang ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2018 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.17 No.1

Outdoor exposure tests using of 7B04 aluminium alloy samples including plate, tensile and various SCC samples were carried out in Tuandao station, Shandong province (East of China) and Wanning station, Hainan province (South of China). Corrosion characteristics including weight loss, microstructure, tensile strength and SCC susceptibility were investigated. The corrosion rates in Tuandao and Wanning showed high to low and the corrosion rates changed to the following equation of w=at^b (b<1). The corrosion of 7B04 aluminium alloy in Wanning was more serious than that in Tuandao. Pitting appeared at early stage of expose test, and it can be changed to general corrosion with test time extension. The 7B04 aluminium alloy of which specimen shapes are forging and thick plate also showed SCC (Stress corrosion cracking) in the marine atmosphere. The higher SCC sensitivity was observed in Wanning station than in Tuandao station. The 7B04 aluminium alloy with a high stress level was more sensitive to SCC. Intergranular and transgranular or a mixed mode of cracking can be observed in different marine exposure.

Real-time hybrid simulation of a multi-story wood shear wall with first-story experimental substructure incorporating a rate-dependent seismic energy dissipation device

Xiaoyun Shao,John van de Lindt,Pouria Bahmani,Weichiang Pang,Ershad Ziaei,Michael Symans,Jingjing Tian,Thang Dao 국제구조공학회 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.14 No.6

Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) of a stacked wood shear wall retrofitted with a rate-dependent seismic energy dissipation device (viscous damper) was conducted at the newly constructed Structural Engineering Laboratory at the University of Alabama. This paper describes the implementation process of the RTHS focusing on the controller scheme development. An incremental approach was adopted starting from a controller for the conventional slow pseudodynamic hybrid simulation and evolving to the one applicable for RTHS. Both benchmark- scale and full-scale tests are discussed to provide a roadmap for future RTHS implementation at different laboratories and/or on different structural systems. The developed RTHS controller was applied to study the effect of a rate-dependent energy dissipation device on the seismic performance of a multi-story wood shear wall system. The test specimen, setup, program and results are presented with emphasis given to inter-story drift response. At 100% DBE the RTHS showed that the multi-story shear wall with the damper had 32% less inter-story drift and was noticeably less damaged than its un-damped specimen counterpart.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel 1, 2, 4-Triazole Derivatives as Antifungal Agent

Xiaoyun Chai,Qingyan Sun,Shichong Yu,Yongwei Jiang,Yan Zou,Qiuye Wu,Dazhi Zhang,Yuan-Ying Jiang,Yongbing Cao 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.11

A series of novel 1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives (9a-p) have been designed and synthesized as the potential antifungal agents. All compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and LCMS. Their antifungal activities against seven human pathogenic fungi were evaluated in vitro by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentrations. Most of the tested compounds were found to be more potent against Candida albicans than the control drug fluconazole.