영재학생과 일반학생의 창의성 비교

송효완(Xiaowan Song),이정화(Jeonghwa Lee),임미라(Mira Lim),박병기(Byunggee Bak) 한국교육심리학회 2015 敎育心理硏究 Vol.29 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 메타분석을 사용하여 영재학생과 일반학생의 창의성 차이를 살펴보는 것이었다. 창의성 차이는 주효과로서 평균효과크기, 그리고 상호작용효과로서 조절변수에 따른 평균효과크기의 차이를 포함하였다. 분석대상 논문은 2001년부터 2015년까지의 학위논문 38편, 학술지 논문 33편, 총 71편이었다. 자료의 분석은 CMA(Comprehensive Meta Analysis, V3)를 활용하였다. 총 71편의 논문으로부터 105개의 표본수준 효과크기와 1,234개의 변수수준 효과크기가 추출되었다. 효과크기의 분석모형으로서 고정모형과 무선모형 중 본 연구에서는 무선모형을 선택하였다. 영재성의 영역이나 수준에서 매우 다양한 영재학생들을 동질적인 집단으로 판단하기는 무리가 있다고 판단하였기 때문이다. 분석의 수준은 표본수준과 변수수준을 혼합하였다. 연구결과, 전체 평균효과크기는 표본수준에서 .772로서 중간 이상의 크기를 나타냈다. 지역, 교육기관, 영재영역, 측정도구 등은 조절효과가 있었으나, 출판년도, 논문종류, 성별, 학교급 등에서는 조절효과가 없었다. 창의성의 하위변인인 창의성 능력과 성향에서 평균효과크기는 차이가 있었다. 창의적 능력은 큰 효과크기를 나타냈으며, 출판년도, 논문종류, 지역과 성별을 제외하고 조절효과를 보여주었다. 창의적 성향은 창의적 능력보다는 대체적으로 낮은 효과크기들을 산출하였고, 출판년도, 지역, 학교급, 교육기관, 영재영역에서 조절효과를 보였다. 연구결과의 함의를 논의한 후 영재교육에 대한 시사점을 제안하였다. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between gifted and non-gifted students on creativity using a meta-analysis. Differences were examined in terms of overall mean effect size and by moderators. This study searched researches from 2001 to 2015 including 33 journal articles and 38 theses, 71 researches in total. CMA(Comprehensive Meta Analysis, V3) was used to analysis the included studies. Analysis was done by sample-based or variable-based. The number of samplebased effect sizes was 105 and that of variable-based was 1,234. Random effects model was chosen as analysis model on account of the heterogeneity of the diverse gifted students. The results showed that the overall mean effect size was .772, above moderate effect. Thereinto, moderator effects of district, gifted educational institute, domain of giftedness, and measurement tool were significant, whereas publication year, publication type, gender, and school level were not. As the sub-variables of creativity, creative ability and disposition displayed different mean effect sizes. Effect size was large in creative ability and moderator effects of school level, measurement tool, gifted educational institute, and domain of giftedness were significant. Effect size of creative disposition was broadly lower than creative ability. Moderator effects of publication year, district, school level, gifted educational institute, and domain of giftedness were significant. This study suggested implications for gifted education after discussing research results in detail.

Improving the charge transfer performance of Si nanomaterial through C surface modification: A first-principles study

Yingying Yang,Xiaowan Xue,Yuan Qin,Hao Huang,Xudong Wang,Man Yao 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.7

Models of oxidized Si (111) surface under different C coverage were established to study the charge transfer ability of Si nanomaterial from strategy of C surface modification using first-principles calculation. The calculated formation energies show that structures of C surface-modified oxidized Si (111) surface are stable. The electronic properties present that the interaction between C and Si atoms is mainly contributed by the hybridization of C-2p and Si-3p states. And the interaction between C and Si atoms increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing C coverage rate. The transfer charge between C and Si reaches a maximum when C coverage rate is 0.5. We speculate that the conductivity of experimentally prepared Si nanomaterial does not monotonously enhance with the increasing C concentration, which would reach a maximum at a certain C concentration, and then decreases.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals differential transcription in heat-susceptible and heat-tolerant pepper (Capsicum annum L.) cultivars under heat stress

Tao Li,Xiaowan Xu,Ying Li,Hengming Wang,Zhiliang Li,Zhenxing Li 한국식물학회 2015 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.58 No.6

Heat stress is an important agricultural problem around the world. In pepper (Capsicum annum L.), heat stress seriously affects pollination and yield. However, to date, the molecular basis of heat stress has not been extensively studied. Using the HiSeq™ 2000 sequencing platform, the seedling transcriptome of heat-susceptible C.annuum ‘S590’(CaS) and heat-tolerant ‘R597’ (CaR) under the heat stress was examined. Over five million clean reads were generated from each library, each corresponding to a coverage of >250,000 nt. About 73% of the reads were mapped to the pepper genome, and 3,799 and 4,010 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in ‘R597’ (CaR) and ‘S590’(CaS), respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses determined that the identified DEGs were involved in heat shock protein, heat shock transcription factors, hormone, as well as calcium and kinase signaling. Further validation identified 35 genes that were involved in stress response, and that most of the heat shock proteins were upregulated in two genotypes, and highly expressed in susceptible S590 than in tolerant cultivar R597; the transcription factors and hormone signaling genes showed higher levels of expression in the heat-tolerant cultivar R597 than that observed in the heat-susceptible S590. These findings facilitate in better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying heat stress in different pepper genotypes.

Genetic Analysis of Generalized S-Transform

Yun Lin,Xiaowan Yu,Chunguang Ma,Zheng Dou,Zhiqiang Wu,Zhiping Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.4

This text starts with the short time Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transform to deduce the generalized S-transformation. From the point of generation views, we analyzed a relative relationship between generalized S-transformation and the short time Fourier transform, and the other relative relationship between generalized S transform and continuous wavelet transform. The article gives the definition of “the gene mutation of formula” and “the genetic restructuring of formula”, and introduces the deriving process of the two core concept. Theoretical analyses show that generalized S-transformation inherited the desirable characteristics in short time Fourier transform which use the window function to select suitable signal. Through genome sequencing of specific parameters, generalized S-transformation has a stronger adaptation that the time-frequency window could make real-time adjusting of frequency. Moreover, generalized S-transformation breaks out limitation that the wavelet function has to content the admissible conditions. From the point of gene mutation, we give the definition of “the gene mutation of formula”. Based on the structure form of wavelet functions, we define the generalized S-transformation with a wider domain of definition. Generalized S-transformation inherited the desirable characteristics of the short time Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transform. It has great utility and flexibility in analyzing non-stationary signals.

Fault analysis of CNC equipment based on DEMATEL/ISM/ANP

Sun Shuguang,Zhou Wenjie,Zhang Meng,Liu Xiyu,Mou Xiaowan 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.8

To make a reasonable reliability improvement strategy for CNC equipment, it is necessary to clearly understand the fault relation characteristics and the weak links of reliability. While the fault complexity of CNC equipment makes the fault relation characteristics unclear, it is very difficult to determine the weak link of reliability. Therefore, a fault analysis method for CNC equipment based on decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)/ interpretive structure modeling (ISM)/analytic network process (ANP) is proposed in this study to describe the relationship between CNC equipment faults accurately and identify reliability weaknesses. First, the fault mechanism was analyzed by the fault phenomenon, and the fault factors of the CNC equipment were identified in view of the system. Second, DEMATEL/ISM/ ANP method was adopted to integrate the interaction direction and intensity between the failure factors, hierarchical structure of the factors, and their relative importance, and a hierarchical network structure model for CNC equipment fault factors was built. Finally, according to the analysis results of the aforementioned model, the fault factors of the CNC equipment were divided into drive, link, dependence, and independent fault factors, and the identification of the weak link of reliability was completed. Results show that the proposed method can quantify the fault factors of the CNC equipment and clearly identify the main direction of its reliability improvement.

The SnRK2 family in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.): genome-wide identifcation and expression analyses during fruit development and under abiotic stress

Zhiming Wu,Jiaowen Cheng,Fang Hu,Cheng Qin,Xiaowan Xu,Kailin Hu 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.10

Plant-specifc SnRK2 (sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2) genes play crucial roles in the coordination of plant growth and development and responses to stress. However, comprehensive studies have not been performed for this gene family in pepper (Capsicum annuum), a very important Solanaceous vegetable worldwide. To fully understand the status of SnRK2s in chili pepper, a total of 9 putative SnRK2 genes (named CaSnRK2.1-2.9) were identifed in pepper in the present study. These genes were located on 7 diferent chromosomes and classifed into three subfamilies based on the phylogenetic tree. Their conserved motif compositions and exon-intron structures were systematically analyzed, and the results strongly supported the classifcation. Furthermore, a total of 81 putative cis-elements were found in the promoter regions, and the cis-elements related to hormone and stress signaling were abundant. Finally, the CaSnRK2 gene expression profles among diferent tissues, especially developing fruit tissue, and under various abiotic stresses were investigated to identify tissuespecifc or stress-responsive candidates. This study was the frst to comprehensively investigate the SnRK2 family in pepper, and the results provide important clues for further functional analyses of fruit development and abiotic stress responses.

Combined Application Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Biochar on the Rhizosphere Fungal Community of Allium fistulosum L.

Ji Chunxiang,Li Yingyue,Xiao Qingchen,Li Zishan,Wang Boyan,Geng Xiaowan,Lin Keqing,Zhang Qing,Jin Yuan,Zhai Yuqian,Li Xiaoyu,Chen Jin 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.8

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread soil endophytic fungi, forming mutualistic relationships with the vast majority of land plants. Biochar (BC) has been reported to improve soil fertility and promote plant growth. However, limited studies are available concerning the combined effects of AMF and BC on soil community structure and plant growth. In this work, a pot experiment was designed to investigate the effects of AMF and BC on the rhizosphere microbial community of Allium fistulosum L. Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing, we showed that inoculation of AMF and BC had a significant impact on soil microbial community composition, diversity, and versatility. Increases were observed in both plant growth (the plant height by 8.6%, shoot fresh weight by 12.1%) and root morphological traits (average diameter by 20.5%). The phylogenetic tree also showed differences in the fungal community composition in A. fistulosum. In addition, Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed that 16 biomarkers were detected in the control (CK) and AMF treatment, while only 3 were detected in the AMF + BC treatment. Molecular ecological network analysis showed that the AMF + BC treatment group had a more complex network of fungal communities, as evidenced by higher average connectivity. The functional composition spectrum showed significant differences in the functional distribution of soil microbial communities among different fungal genera. The structural equation model (SEM) confirmed that AMF could improve the microbial multifunctionality by regulating the rhizosphere fungal diversity and soil properties. Our findings provide new information on the effects of AMF and biochar on plants and soil microbial communities.

Bacteria-based multiplex system eradicates recurrent infections with drug-resistant bacteria via photothermal killing and protective immunity elicitation

Youcui Xu,Yi Wu,Yi Hu,Mengran Xu,Yanyan Liu,Yuting Ding,Jing Chen,Xiaowan Huang,Longping Wen,Jiabin Li,Chen Zhu 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background The high mortality associated with drug-resistant bacterial infections is an intractable clinical problem resulting from the low susceptibility of these bacteria to antibiotics and the high incidence of recurrent infections. Methods Herein, a photosynthetic bacteria-based multiplex system (Rp@Al) composed of natural Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rp) and Food and Drug Administration-approved aluminum (Al) adjuvant, was developed to combat drug-resistant bacterial infections and prevent their recurrence. We examined its photothermal performance and in vitro and in vivo antibacterial ability; revealed its protective immunomodulatory effect; verified its preventative effect on recurrent infections; and demonstrated the system’s safety. Results Rp@Al exhibits excellent photothermal properties with an effective elimination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, Rp@Al enhances dendritic cell activation and further triggers a T helper 1 ( TH1)/TH2 immune response, resulting in pathogen-specific immunological memory against recurrent MRSA infection. Upon second infection, Rp@Al-treated mice show significantly lower bacterial burden, faster abscess recovery, and higher survival under near-lethal infection doses than control mice. Conclusions This innovative multiplex system, with superior photothermal and immunomodulatory effects, presents great potential for the treatment and prevention of drug-resistant bacterial infections.