Effects of Two Traditional Chinese Cooking Oils, Canola and Pork, on pH and Cholic Acid Content of Faeces and Colon Tumorigenesis in Kunming Mice

He, Xiao-Qiong,Duan, Jia-Li,Zhou, Jin,Song, Zhong-Yu,Cichello, Simon Angelo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Faecal pH and cholate are two important factors that can affect colon tumorigenesis, and can be modified by diet. In this study, the effects of two Chinese traditional cooking oils (pork oil and canola/rapeseed oil) on the pH and the cholic acid content in feces, in addition to colon tumorigenesis, were studied in mice. Kunming mice were randomized into various groups; negative control group (NCG), azoxymethane control group (ACG), pork oil group (POG), and canola oil Ggroup (COG). Mice in the ACG were fed a basic rodent chow; mice in POG and COG were given 10% cooking oil rodent chow with the respective oil type. All mice were given four weekly AOM (azoxymethane) i.p. injections (10mg/kg). The pH and cholic acid of the feces were examined every two weeks. Colon tumors, aberrant crypt foci and organ weights were examined 32 weeks following the final AOM injection. The results showed that canola oil significantly decreased faecal pH in female mice (P<0.05), but had no influence on feces pH in male mice (P>0.05). Pork oil significantly increased the feces pH in both male and female mice (P<0.05). No significant change was found in feces cholic acid content when mice were fed 10% pork oil or canola oil compared with the ACG. Although Kunming mice were not susceptible to AOM-induced tumorigenesis in terms of colon tumor incidence, pork oil significantly increased the ACF number in male mice. Canola oil showed no influence on ACF in either male or female mice. Our results indicate that cooking oil effects faecal pH, but does not affect the faecal cholic acid content and thus AOM-induced colon neoplastic ACF is modified by dietary fat.

Do Cost Behaviors Affect Cost of Equity: Evidence from Seasoned Equity Offering?

He Xiao 한국증권학회 2023 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.52 No.4

This study investigates the impact of firms' cost behavior on their seasoned equity offering (SEO) performance. The empirical findings show that cost‐stickier SEO firms experience more negative SEO cumulative abnormal returns (CARs). The economic mechanism of this association is that cost‐stickier SEO firms deal with higher information asymmetry and issue fewer debts, which reduce their SEO CARs. SEO firm cost behavior also affects corporate SEO decisions and announcement returns in different life cycles. Among the three economic mechanisms, the information asymmetry channel has been found as the dominant one. This study also indicates that cost‐stickier firms are less likely to conduct SEOs than their counterparts. In contrast, the motivation for Chinese SEO issuance for cost‐stickier firms is market timing rather than adjusting the capital structure or financing for investment and growth. Additionally, the negative impact of cost stickiness on corporate SEO returns is less pronounced for firms associated with industry‐specialized auditors and greater corporate governance capacity but more substantial for SEO firms with higher free cash flow. All main findings are consistent in a number of endogenous tests, including the two‐stage least squares test, the generalized method of moments estimation, and the control of alternative fixed effects. These conclusions also passed several robustness tests such as an alternative factor model and event windows and an alternative proxy of cost stickiness.

An analytical solution of bending thin plates with different moduli in tension and compression

He, Xiao-Ting,Hu, Xing-Jian,Sun, Jun-Yi,Zheng, Zhou-Lian Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.36 No.3

Materials which exhibit different elastic moduli in tension and compression are known as bimodular materials. The bimodular materials model, which is founded on the criterion of positive-negative signs of principal stress, is important for the structural analysis and design. However, due to the inherent complexity of the constitutive relation, it is difficult to obtain an analytical solution of a bimodular bending components except in particular simple problems. Based on the existent simplified model, this paper solves analytically bending thin plates with different moduli in tension and compression. By using the continuity conditions of stress components in unknown neutral layer, we determine the location of the neutral layer, and derive the governing differential equation for deflection, the flexural rigidity, and the internal forces in the thin plate. We also use a circular thin plate with bimodulus to illustrate the application of this solution derived in this paper. The results show that the introduction of different moduli has influences on the flexural stiffness of the bending thin plate.

Canola Oil Influence on Azoxymethane-induced Colon Carcinogenesis, Hypertriglyceridemia and Hyperglycemia in Kunming Mice

He, Xiao-Qiong,Cichello, Simon Angelo,Duan, Jia-Li,Zhou, Jin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Azoxymethane (AOM) is a potent genotoxic carcinogen which specifically induces colon cancer. Hyperlipidemia and diabetes have several influences on colon cancer development, with genetic and environmental exposure aspects. Here, we investigated plasma lipid and glucose concentrations in Kunming mice randomized into four groups; control (no AOM or oil exposure), AOM control, AOM + pork oil, and AOM + canola oil. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF), plasma cholesterol, plasma triglyceride, plasma glucose and organ weight were examined 32 weeks after AOM injection. Results revealed that AOM exposure significantly increased ACF number, plasma triglyceride and glucose level. Further, male mice displayed a much higher plasma triglyceride level than female mice in the AOM control group. Dietary fat significantly inhibited AOM-induced hypertriglyceridemia, and canola oil had stronger inhibitory effect than pork oil. AOM-induced hyperglycemia had no sex-difference and was not significantly modified by dietary fat. However, AOM itself not change plasma cholesterol level. AOM significantly increased liver and spleen weight in male mice, but decreased kidney weight in female mice. On the other hand, mice testis weight decreased when fed canola oil. AOM could induce colorectal carcinogenesis, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in Kunming mice at the same time, with subsequent studies required to investigate their genome association.

Collagen-Induced Arthritis and the Potential Role of Autoimmunity to Type 2 Collagen in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Xiao Wen He,John M. Stuart,Linda K. Myers,Andrew H. Kang 대한류마티스학회 2002 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Collagen induced arthritis (CIA) is an animal model that in many ways resembles rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CIA can be induced in susceptible animals by immunization with type II collagen (CII). Like RA, CIA is characterized by intense joint inflammation and destruction. On histological examination, there is synovitis accompanied by erosion of cartilage and subchondral bone. Autoantibodies to CII initiate joint inflammation by binding to articular cartilage, forming antigen-antibody complexes locally and activating hemolytic complement. Susceptibility to CIA in mice is linked to the expression of specific class II MHC molecules, which dictate the T cell determinants on CII, and therefore, the subsets of T cells that can be activated by CII. In addition to activation of B cells reactive to CII, the T cells stimulate monocytes/macrophages. These cells amplify the inflammatory cascade by secretion of proinflammatory monokines, including TNF-α and IL-1, leading to the production of other proinflammatory proteins, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The importance of CIA lies in its possible relationship to arthritis in humans. Progress in understanding CIA has contributed to the development of new therapies for RA. In addition, it has been found that mice with human HLA-DR1, DR4 and HLA-DQ8 transgenes, which have been demonstrated to be the susceptibility markers for RA, confer susceptibility to CIA. These observations coupled with the finding of T cells and B cells reactive with CII in the inflamed joints of RA patients establish the potential role of CII autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of RA.

A Chinese Perspective: Business Ethics in China Now and in the Future

Xiao He Lu 한국윤리경영학회 2007 윤리경영연구 Vol.9 No.2

Study on Humanistic Education of College Physical Teaching: Educational Innovation Based on Web Survey

He Xiao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.5

With the development of the internet big data, the impact of new technology has led to educational reform. University humanities education is not only to impart knowledge and training skills to students, more importantly is to spread sports philosophy, spirit and sports ethics. Sports humanities education pays attention to the shaping of students' personality and the cultivation of ideological and moral character, which has as a unique educational value and significance. In this paper, we analyze the college sports culture index system, and make students physical fitness test by using network platform system. The result shows that during the implementation of humanistic education in college, qualification rate of students' physical fitness test is maintained at 90%. Therefore, college should pay attention to the university sports humanities education, fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of the students, and promote coordinated development of physical exercise and social adaptation.

Stereo-digital image correlation in the behavior investigation of CFRP-steel composite members

Xiao-Yuan He,Yun-Tong Dai,Hai-Tao Wang,Tian-Yuan Ge,Gang Wu,Jian-Xiao Wan,Shuang-Yin Cao,Fu-Jun Yang 국제구조공학회 2017 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.23 No.6

The application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in steel structures primarily includes two categories, i.e., the bond-critical application and the contact-critical application. Debonding failure and buckling failure are the main failure modes for these two applications. Conventional electrometric techniques may not provide precise results because of the limitations associated with single-point contact measurements. A nondestructive full-field measurement technique is a valuable alternative to conventional methods. In this study, the digital image correlation (DIC) technique was adopted to investigate the bond behavior and buckling behavior of CFRP-steel composite members. The CFRP-to-steel bonded joint and the CFRPstrengthened square hollow section (SHS) steel column were tested to verify the suitability of the DIC technique. The stereo- DIC technique was utilized to measure continuous deformation. The bond-slip relationship of the CFRP-to-steel interface was derived using the DIC data. Additionally, a multi-camera DIC system consisting of four stereo-DIC subsystems was proposed and applied to the compressive test of CFRP-strengthened SHS steel column. The precise buckling location and CFRP delamination of the CFRP-strengthened SHS steel column were identified. The experimental results confirm that the stereo-DIC technique can provide effective measurements for investigating the behaviors of CFRP-steel composite members.

Association study of vitamin E content in rice using whole genome re-sequencing

Xiao-Qiang Wang,Qiang He,Wei Tong,Byung-Kook Yun,Young-Sang Lee,Tae-Sung Kim,Chang-Yong Lee,Yong-Jin Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Rice is the major food for half of the world population. The nutrition component in rice is critical for improvement of people’s health. Vitamin E serves as important antioxidant by quenching the free radical intermediates and thus protects the cell membrane. Because of the high nutritional value and the benefits of vitamin E in human health, increasing the tocochromanol content of major agricultural crops has long been in the focus of breeding programs and genetic engineering approaches. The key genes involved in tocopherol biosynthesis have been elucidated in Arabidopsis and other model organisms. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) study performed in Arabidopsis suggested that some of these key genes and a few additional loci contribute to natural tocopherol variations. Identifying such genetic variations in rice, enrich our understanding of the genetic mechanisms controlling tocopherol variation, which can be directly applied to rice breeding programs. In this study, we used genome-wide association mapping with high-resolution density SNPs of rice core set to identify natural allelic variations, which contribute to tocopherol increase in rice

An analytical solution of bending thin plates with different moduli in tension and compression

Xiao-ting He,Xing-jian Hu,Jun-yi Sun,Zhou-lian Zheng 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.36 No.3

Materials which exhibit different elastic moduli in tension and compression are known as bimodular materials. The bimodular materials model, which is founded on the criterion of positivenegative signs of principal stress, is important for the structural analysis and design. However, due to the inherent complexity of the constitutive relation, it is difficult to obtain an analytical solution of a bimodular bending components except in particular simple problems. Based on the existent simplified model, this paper solves analytically bending thin plates with different moduli in tension and compression. By using the continuity conditions of stress components in unknown neutral layer, we determine the location of the neutral layer, and derive the governing differential equation for deflection, the flexural rigidity, and the internal forces in the thin plate. We also use a circular thin plate with bimodulus to illustrate the application of this solution derived in this paper. The results show that the introduction of different moduli has influences on the flexural stiffness of the bending thin plate.