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김광우,도영수,정규동,조희원,안경애,이상범 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1997 석재연 논문집 Vol.2 No.-
본 연구에서는 국내산 LDPE 및 SBS 폴리머를 아스팔트 함량의 3%, 4%, 5%와 카본블랙을 10% 사용하여 AP-3 아스팔트를 개질한 화강암, 편마암, 석회암 혼합물을 제조하고 그 특성의 변화를 고찰하였다. 폴리머는 3가지 골재 혼합물 모두에 전반적으로 인장강도와 강성의 증가를 가져오는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 그중 편마암에서는 그 효과가 비교적 적고 화강암과 석회암에 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 두 폴리머간 개질효과의 차이는 거의 없었으나 LDPE가 약간 높게 나타나 보였다. 카본 블랙의 사용은 폴리머 개질 혼합물의 경우에는 별로 효과적이지 못하였으나, 일반혼합물의 경우는 아스팔트의 강도특성에 영향을 미침임을 알 수 있었다. SBS and LDPE polymers with contents of 3%, 4%, 5% and a carbon black with content of 10% by wt. of asphalt were used in three aggregate mixtures, a gneiss, a granite and a limestone waste aggregates. Indirect tensile strength and stiffness index were evaluated for each mixture. The two polymers were effective on improving those strength characteristics for all three aggregate mixtures. Especially, limestone and granite aggregates were improved more than gneiss. Among two polymers, there were almost no difference in performance even though LDPE showed a little higher values. Carbon black improved the properties of plain asphalt mixtures, although it was not the case for the PMA mixtures.
Dong Fang,Zheng Hu-Zhe,Jeong Woo-Sik,Chung Shin-Kyo,Qu Zhong-Yuan,Zou Xiang,Liu Chen,Xiang Qiong,Feng Feng 한국응용생명화학회 2021 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.64 No.S
In order to obtain and explore selenide composed of selenium and polysaccharide, three parameters were selected to optimize the synthesis process of selenium-Euryale ferox Salisb. polysaccharide (Se-ESPS) by Box-Behnken design. Furthermore, ESPS-B1 separated from ESPS was selenitized to Se-ESPS-B1 by the optimal synthesis process, then the characterization, and antioxidant activity in vitro of Se-ESPS-B1 were explored. The result manifested that the Se content of Se-ESPS was (2.915 ± 0.03) mg/g according to the optimal synthesis process of Se-ESPS (reaction time at 5 h, reaction temperature at 81 ℃, weight ratio of Na2SeO3 to ESPS at 0.9 g/g). A series of detection results indicated that the characterizations of Se-ESPS-B1 were apparently distinguished from that of ESPS-B1. Moreover, the antioxidant experiments in vitro demonstrated that Se-ESPS-B1 could exert antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH, ABTS,·OH, and increasing reduction ability. In conclusion, the synthesis process is an effective approach to harvest seleniumpolysaccharide, and Se-ESPS-B1 may be utilized as a potential antioxidant or selenium nutritional supplement.
Dual Attention Based Image Pyramid Network for Object Detection
( Xiang Dong ),( Feng Li ),( Huihui Bai ),( Yao Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.12
Compared with two-stage object detection algorithms, one-stage algorithms provide a better trade-off between real-time performance and accuracy. However, these methods treat the intermediate features equally, which lacks the flexibility to emphasize meaningful information for classification and location. Besides, they ignore the interaction of contextual information from different scales, which is important for medium and small objects detection. To tackle these problems, we propose an image pyramid network based on dual attention mechanism (DAIPNet), which builds an image pyramid to enrich the spatial information while emphasizing multi-scale informative features based on dual attention mechanisms for one-stage object detection. Our framework utilizes a pre-trained backbone as standard detection network, where the designed image pyramid network (IPN) is used as auxiliary network to provide complementary information. Here, the dual attention mechanism is composed of the adaptive feature fusion module (AFFM) and the progressive attention fusion module (PAFM). AFFM is designed to automatically pay attention to the feature maps with different importance from the backbone and auxiliary network, while PAFM is utilized to adaptively learn the channel attentive information in the context transfer process. Furthermore, in the IPN, we build an image pyramid to extract scale-wise features from downsampled images of different scales, where the features are further fused at different states to enrich scale-wise information and learn more comprehensive feature representations. Experimental results are shown on MS COCO dataset. Our proposed detector with a 300×300 input achieves superior performance of 32.6% mAP on the MS COCO test-dev compared with state-of-the-art methods.
Default Prediction for Real Estate Companies with Imbalanced Dataset
Dong, Yuan-Xiang,Xiao, Zhi,Xiao, Xue Korea Information Processing Society 2014 Journal of information processing systems Vol.10 No.2
When analyzing default predictions in real estate companies, the number of non-defaulted cases always greatly exceeds the defaulted ones, which creates the two-class imbalance problem. This lowers the ability of prediction models to distinguish the default sample. In order to avoid this sample selection bias and to improve the prediction model, this paper applies a minority sample generation approach to create new minority samples. The logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM) classification, and neural network (NN) classification use an imbalanced dataset. They were used as benchmarks with a single prediction model that used a balanced dataset corrected by the minority samples generation approach. Instead of using prediction-oriented tests and the overall accuracy, the true positive rate (TPR), the true negative rate (TNR), G-mean, and F-score are used to measure the performance of default prediction models for imbalanced dataset. In this paper, we describe an empirical experiment that used a sampling of 14 default and 315 non-default listed real estate companies in China and report that most results using single prediction models with a balanced dataset generated better results than an imbalanced dataset.
Molecular-Scale Electronics: From Concept to Function
Xiang, Dong,Wang, Xiaolong,Jia, Chuancheng,Lee, Takhee,Guo, Xuefeng American Chemical Society 2016 Chemical reviews Vol.116 No.7
<P>Creating functional electrical circuits using individual or ensemble molecules, often termed as 'molecular-scale electronics', not only meets the increasing technical demands of the miniaturization of traditional Si-based electronic devices, but also provides an ideal window of exploring the intrinsic properties of materials at the molecular level. This Review covers the major advances with the most general applicability and emphasizes new insights into the development of efficient platform methodologies for building reliable molecular electronic devices with desired functionalities through the combination of programmed bottom-up self-assembly and sophisticated top-down device fabrication. First, we summarize a number of different approaches of forming molecular-scale junctions and discuss various experimental techniques for examining these nanoscale circuits in details. We then give a full introduction of characterization techniques and theoretical simulations for molecular electronics. Third, we highlight the major contributions and new concepts of integrating molecular functionalities into electrical circuits. Finally, we provide a critical discussion of limitations and main challenges that still exist for the development of molecular electronics. These analyses should be valuable for deeply understanding charge transport through molecular junctions, the device fabrication process, and the roadmap for future practical molecular electronics.</P>
Dong, Yong Xiang,Wang, Xuan Liang,Jin, En Mei,Jeong, Sang Mun,Jin, Bo,Lee, See Hoon Elsevier 2019 RENEWABLE ENERGY Vol.135 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Over the past few years, many efforts have been made to develop efficient visible light-activated photovoltaic materials. In this study, the Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were synthesized by using the hydrothermal method. Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles showed significantly higher visible light absorption and better photovoltaic activity than anatase TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were decorated with different concentrations of Ag to improve their photovoltaic properties. All the as-prepared TiO<SUB>2</SUB> and Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles showed a pure anatase crystalline structure. In addition, the Ag-doped nanoparticles showed broader absorption edges (which shifted to higher wavelengths) than the undoped nanoparticles. The solar conversion efficiency (<I>η</I>) of 0.1M Ag-decorated (Ag<SUB>0.1</SUB>-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanoparticle-based dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was 6.44%, which is ∼22% higher than that of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticle-based DSSC (<I>η</I> of 5.05%).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A hydrothermal method has been used to synthesize Ag-doped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles showed high visible light absorption in the visible spectral region. </LI> <LI> Ag-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles showed high photocurrent density (<I>J</I> <SUB> <I>sc</I> </SUB>) and solar conversion efficiency (<I>η</I>). </LI> <LI> Ag doping increased the solar conversion efficiency by 22% than anatase TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P>
( Xiang Shu Dong ),( Jeong Yeo Lee ),( Ill Sup Nou ),( Yoon Kang Hur ) 한국육종학회 2014 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.2 No.2
The functions of DUF640/ALOG (Arabidopsis LSH1 and Oryza G1) domain proteins, which are found in most land plants, have not been well characterized, but some of these proteins regulate inflorescence architecture in rice and specify organ boundaries in Arabidopsis. Arabidopsis DUF640-domain genes are initially identified as LIGHT-SENSITIVE HYPOCOTYLS (LSH) genes. Chinese cabbage leaves have large, white midribs and photosynthetic leaf blades (or lamina). A DUF640 domain gene of Brassica rapa, BrLSH2, is specifically expressed in the midrib of Chinese cabbage. Arabidopsis and rice possess ten LSH family genes, but B. rapa has 24 LSH genes, which can be categorized into two or four groups based on sequence identity. Here, we examined the expression patterns of the LSHs in various Brassica species and analyzed the promoter sequence of the BrLHS2 gene. The transcript levels of most LSH genes were very high in the midrib but low in the leaf blade. These genes were evenly expressed throughout the petiole region of Korean cabbage and highly expressed in the leaf base region near the stem and in the border area in B. oleracea. In addition, BrLSHs were expressed in both bundle and mesophyll cells of the midrib. These expression patterns suggest the possible use of these genes to generate leafy vegetables with altered leaf morphology. The BrLSH2 promoter, which contains auxin- and cytokinin-responsive elements as well as leaf development-related elements, may confer midrib-specific expression, suggesting that this promoter may be useful for the production of midrib-targeted transgenic Chinese cabbage.
Systemic Reactions to Dust Mite Subcutaneous Immunotherapy: A 3-Year Follow-up Study
Xiang Dong,Nan Huang,Wenjing Li,Lintao Hu,Xiaolong Wang,Yin Wang,Ning Xiang,Guanghui Liu,Rongfei Zhu 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.5
Purpose: The incidence of allergen specific immunotherapy-related systemic reactions (SRs) varies among different studies, and many factors are likely to contribute to SRs. This study aims to investigate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of SRs to standardize dust mite-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in Central China. Methods: All patients receiving standardized dust mites (100-100,000 SQ-U/mL; Alutard SQ, Hørsholn, Denmark) immunotherapy were followed up. Recorded data included demographics, diagnosis, patient status, pulmonary function testing results before and after each injection, allergen dosage, and details of SRs. Results: From June 2011 to August 2014, a total of 208 patients received 4,369 injections; 27 (13.0%) patients experienced 48 (1.1%) systemic reactions. Most of the SRs were grade 2 reactions (n=30, 62.5%), followed by grade 1 (n=11, 22.9%), grade 3 (n=7, 14.6%), and no fatal reactions occurred. Forty-six SRs (95.8%) occurred within 30 minutes. Higher SR rates were associated with high concentration extracts (100,000 SQ-U/mL), injections with concomitant local reactions (LRs), children, asthma and high sensitivity (skin prick test 3+/4+ and/or sIgE≥17.5 kUA/L) (P<0.05). The estimated odds of SRs increased in children (OR=6.57; 95% CI: 1.88-22.97, P=0.003), asthmatic patients (OR=4.10; 95% CI: 1.72-9.80, P=0.002), and injections with LRs (OR=2.41; 95% CI: 1.33-4.36, P=0.004).Conclusions: The incidence of SRs to dust mite SCIT was low, and multiple factors were associated with the increased incidence of SRs. Children, asthmatics and patients with concomitant LR may be prone to develop SRs.
Xiang-Dong Sun,Kang-Hoon Koh,Byung-Gyu Yu,Matsui, M. IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol.56 No.8
<P>Since natural distribution power generation systems such as wind energy contain electric power fluctuation, flywheel energy storage (FWES) equipment for power compensation is used. Fuzzy-logic-based <I>V</I>/<I>f</I> control of the induction motor is proposed for the speed sensorless power-leveling system in this paper. Only two sensors, including one DC voltage sensor and one DC current sensor, are utilized. The flywheel is composed of two modes, namely, the speed picking-up control mode and the power control mode. According to the DC-link average current of an inverter, the rotating speed of the flywheel in the speed picking-up control mode is detected by regulating the output frequency and the output voltage based on fuzzy logic control. The power control mode consists of the outer voltage loop and the inner current loop. Although the outer loop is also realized by fuzzy logic control, the inner loop is the key object in this paper, i.e., the proportional and integral gains of a proportional-integral regulator are optimized by means of fuzzy logic reasoning for the purpose of the reliability and rapid response of leveling power. The experiments are carried out with the FWES equipment of 40-kJ energy, and the results verify that the proposed method is reliable, and better dynamic and static performance is demonstrated.</P>
The New Ecosystem of Cross-border E-Commerce among Korea, China and Japan Based on Blockchain
Xiang-Dong Shen,Xi Chen,Ran Ji,Ren-Hong Wu 한국무역학회 2020 Journal of Korea trade Vol.24 No.5
Purpose - The purpose of the study is to propose a theoretical framework of cross-border e-commerce ecosystems based on blockchain technology. The ecosystem includes five systems, namely, crossborder supply chain intelligent system, cross-border logistics system, cross-border payment system, cross-border product quality traceability system and cross-border customs supervision system. Design/methodology - This study firstly derived the main improvement factors for the new ecosystem based on blockchain through prior research and expert interviews on cross-border e-commerce. Then explored the use of virtue of decentralization, anti-counterfeiting traceability, consensus mechanism, smart contract and other means of the core technology of blockchain to overcome the bottleneck of cross-border e-commerce development among Korea, China, and Japan. Finally, proposed valuable implications in both theoretical and practical perspectives. Findings - As a result, we combined with the problems existing in cross-border e-commerce among Korea, China and Japan, this paper proposes a solution based on blockchain. On this basis, it constructs a cross-border e-commerce ecosystem among these three countries, including five systems. In addition, we discuss the main problems existing in the current blockchain, such as low transaction concurrency, security loopholes, and inconsistent standards, the corresponding countermeasures are proposed from the technical level, security level and industry standards. Originality/value - This study is the first to apply the blockchain technology to solve the cross-border e-commerce problems in Korea, China and Japan, which is of pioneering significance in both literature and practice. Block chain technology is in the ascendency. This study provides technical solutions for promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce import and export trade between Korea, China and Japan.