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Wouter De Corte,Philippe Van Bogaert 국제구조공학회 2007 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.7 No.1
Additional cutouts in the floorbeam webs of orthotropic plated bridge decks relieve the highly stressed lower flange of the ribs passing through these floorbeam webs from possible fatigue damage. Conversely, the floorbeam webs themselves suffer from high stress concentrations, especially along the free edges of the additional cutouts. These stresses result from a combination of direct introduction of vertical traffic loads in the weakened web and from the truss action of the floorbeam. The latter differs from a simple beam action due to the presence of the openings and corresponds more to the behaviour of a Vierendeel truss. Close assessment of the appearing stresses, highly relevant for fatigue resistance, requires the use of elaborate finite element modelling. However, a full finite element analysis merely provides the results of total stresses, leaving the researcher or designer the difficult task of finding the origin of these stress components. This paper presents a calculation method for cutout stresses based on a combination of a framework analysis and a two dimensional finite element analysis of much smaller parts of the floorbeam. This method provides more insight in the origin of the stress components, as well as it simplifies any comparison of different additional cutout geometries, independent of the floorbeam topology.
Wouter van Wyngaardt,Jeanni Fehrsen,Isabel Wright,Cordelia Mashau 대한수의학회 2013 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.14 No.1
There is an ongoing need for standardized, easily renewable immunoreagents for detecting African horsesickness virus (AHSV). Two phage displayed single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies, selected from a semi-synthetic chicken antibody library, were used to develop double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISAs) to detect AHSV. In the DAS-ELISAs, the scFv previously selected with directly immobilized AHSV-3functioned as a serotype-specific reagent that recognized only AHSV-3. In contrast, the one selected with AHSV-8 captured by IgG against AHSV-3 recognized all nine AHSV serotypes but not the Bryanston strain of equine encephalosis virus. Serving as evidence for its serogroup-specificity. These two scFvs can help to rapidly confirm the presence of AHSV while additional serotype-specific scFvs may simplify AHSV serotyping.
Planning 0-Energy Cities Using Local Energy Sources
Leduc, Wouter Sustainable Building Research Center 2011 International journal of sustainable building tech Vol.2 No.3
The world is urbanizing rapidly and urban resources demand is increasing. Cities depend highly on foreign fossil energy sources. Incoming resources are used inefficiently, only part of energy input is used and remaining is wasted. To reduce dependency and increase self-sufficiency, cities have to search for local and renewable energy sources. Cities are a reservoir of untapped energy sources. Cities can support themselves to reach 0-energy status and to become independent. Cities have unused space available to capture incoming energy. Several technologies are available, but not widely implemented. Therefore, further effort should focus on planning and implementing those technologies. And urban planning should support resources management. Proposed method, based on Urban Harvest concept and exergy principle, towards planning 0-energy cities, consists of five steps. It gives an overview of urban energy demand and potential supply, and describes how supply and demand can be coupled effectively.
Epizootic Infection by Trypanosoma vivax in Cattle from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Matheus de Oliveira Reis,Fernanda Rezende Souza,Adriana Silva Albuquerque,Fernanda Monteiro,Luan Francisco dos Santos Oliveira,Djeison Lutier Raymundo,Flademir Wouters,Angélica Terezinha Barth Wouter 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.2
Trypanosomiasis is caused by a pathogenic protozoan of the genus Trypanosoma, being Trypanosoma vivax the most important agent for cattle. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the expansion of T. vivax infection in different mesoregions of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and describe the clinicopathological findings of trypanosomiasis in cattle. The diagnosis was based on visualization of the parasite in blood smears and DNA detection of T. vivax in the blood of live cows and tissues of necropsied animals by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty suspected herds were tested, of which 11 were positive for T. vivax. The most frequent clinical signs were anemia, apathy, drop in milk production, weight loss, reproductive disorders, and nervous signs. Concomitant diseases, such as malignant edema, pneumonia and increased cases of mastitis were associated with T. vivax infection. Three cows were necropsied and the most significant findings were low body condition score, pale mucous and spleen with white pulp hyperplasia. The results demonstrated the expansion of T. vivax infection in Minas Gerais, that PCR-associated blood smears are promising for diagnosis, and that other diseases often occur concomitantly to T. vivax infection in regions with trypanosomiasis in cattle.
Mechanical properties of curved composite box girders with corrugated steel webs
Sumei Liu,Wouter De Corte,Hanshan Ding,Luc Taerwe 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.41 No.1
Several methods derived for use on traditional concrete curved box girders (CBGs) are used in design practice. However, these typically consider only one elastic modulus and one shear modulus, and consequently cannot be applied directly to CBGs with corrugated steel webs (CSWs) due to the large shear deformations and small longitudinal stiffness of CSWs, while these shear deformations are small and usually ignored for common concrete webs. In this paper, firstly, the flexure-torsion governing differential equations considering the shear deformations and the accordion effect of CSWs, and the distortion governing differential equation considering the accordion effect of CSWs are derived for CBGs with CSWs. A practical method which can solve the deflections, torsional angles, distortional angles, stresses and internal forces of simple and continuous CBGs with intermediate diaphragms is proposed. Secondly, the results of a series of tests performed on three CBGs with CSWs, published test results, as well as finite element analysis results and theoretical results of straight box girders (SBGs) with CSWs are used to verify the correctness of the analytical method. The agreement between analytical, experimental and numerical results is good. Finally, a parametric analysis is conducted and the results show that: (a) the influence of shear deformations of CSWs on the deflections of CBGs with CSWs increases with increasing curvature radius R. For SBGs with CSWs, the deflections may increase by 30% when considering shear deformations. For CBGs with CSWs, the deflection increase ranges between 8% and 30% for concentrated loads depending on the curvature radius. (b) the distortional shear stress, which is small and typically neglected for CBGs with concrete webs, may be as big as, or larger than the flexural shear stress, and must be considered. The restrained torsional shear stress, which is also small and typically neglected for CBGs with concrete webs, can reach 9% of the flexural shear stress, and also must be considered.
Influence of the cylinder height on the elasto-plastic failure of locally supported cylinders
Arne Jansseune,Wouter De Corte,Wesley Vanlaere,Rudy Van Impe 국제구조공학회 2012 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.12 No.4
Frequently, steel silos are supported by discrete supports or columns to permit easy access beneath the barrel. In such cases, large loads are transferred to the limited number of supports, causing locally high axial compressive stress concentrations in the shell wall above the supports. If not dealt with properly, these increased stresses will lead to premature failure of the silo due to local instability in the regions above the supports. Local stiffening near the supports is a way to improve the buckling resistance, as material is added in the region of elevated stresses, levelling these out to values found in uniformly supported silos. The aim of a study on the properties of local stiffening will then be to increase the failure load, governed by an interaction of plastic collapse and elastic instability, to that of a discrete supported silo. However, during the course of such a study it was found that, although the failure remains local, the cylinder height is also a parameter that influences the failure mechanism, a fact that is not properly taken into account in current design practice and codes. This paper describes the mechanism behind the effect of the cylinder height on the failure load, which is related to pre-buckling deformations of the shell structure. All results and conclusions are based on geometrically and materially non-linear finite element analyses.