Nam’s Method에 의한 下顎顆頭 및 頸部 骨折 處置 (II)

Il Woo Nam(南日祐) 대한구강악안면외과학회 1980 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.6 No.1

It is very difficult that the fractured condylar head and upper condylar neck have to be reduced and immobilized properly. The reduction and fixaton of the fractured those bones are so difficult to be reduced and fixated that many oral surgeons are trying to study on how to operate an adequate reduction and fixation. In spite of endeavor, lots of fragments of the fractured condylar heads frequently have been removed as so-called condylectomies because complexities of the surrounding anatomical structures make adequate reductions and fixations impossible. Thus the author has developed a new method named Dr. Nam s method in terms of oblique osteotomy, interosseous wiring extraorally, and replantation by which I have successfully treated 48 patients with fractures of the condylar head or upper part of the condylar neck of the mandibles since 1976. In order to reduce and immobilize those fractured, firstly, oblique osteotomy at the affected ascending ramus of the mandible was preceded, and secondly, the separated posterior part of the ascendingramus and fractured condylar head were carefully removed out from the body to be reduced and immobilized together extraorally, and lastly, replantations were made at the same sites. The results were drawn as follows: 1. The author successfully has treated 48 patients with the condylar head or upper condylar neck fractures by using Dr. Nam s method. 2. No intermaxillary fixation or less than 1 week intermaxillary wiring was needed after surgery. 3. The normal mouth opening and closing, and facial appearnaces could be observed in 1 month aft er surgery. 4. Traumatic injury for instance, automobile accident, was one of the commonest causes of fractures of the condylar head and upper condylar neck. 5. The features of those fractures were type I; one single fragment of upper condylar neck, Type II ; oblique. single fracture from the inner condylar head to its articular surface, and type III ; fractures with 3 pieces condylar head in the order.

Transcriptome profiling of olive flounder responses under acute and chronic heat stress

Woo‑Jin Kim,이규빈,Dain Lee,Hyun‑Chul Kim,Bo‑Hye Nam,Hyungtaek Jung,이선주,Kyunghwan Kim 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.2

Background The olive founder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is a saltwater fsh, which is valuable to the economy. The olive founder strives to adapt to environmental stressors through physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional responses. The rise in water temperature threatens the growth, development, reproduction, and survival of olive founder. Each organ in the olive founder can diferentially respond to heat stress. Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate organ-specifc transcriptional changes in olive founder tissues during heat stress. Methods In this study, transcriptome dynamics of the gill, liver, and muscle of olive founder to acute or chronic heat stress were investigated. Results Principal component analysis plotting revealed that the transcriptome of each organ is quite separated. K-means clustering, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed the diferential transcriptome responses of each organ to heat stress. Heat stress commonly afects the pathways involved in the correct protein folding, DNA repair, and cell cycle. Conclusion Our results may provide a valuable molecular basis of heat acclimation in fshes.

The insect community structure with indicator species along vegetation composition in Is. Nam-hae, South Korea

Jong Woo NAM,Shin Young PARK,Ik Jae CHOI,Young Min SHIN,Il-Kwon KIM 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04

An insect faunal survey was carried out to investigate insect community structure along the vegetation community to monitor insect species in forest ecosystem. We performed day and night collections from June to August along three vegetation communities of Is. Nam-hae in 2014: the first stand with Pinus thunbergii, the second P. thunbergii with Quercus serrata and the third P. thunbergii with various Quercus species. In total 2,259 individuals of 532 species, 99 families, 13 orders are identified. Cluster Analyses (CA) showed that all three vegetation communities were relatively similar between vegetation community types. According to indicator species analysis (ISA) result, nine significant indicator species were identified (p < 0.05); five species were found to be affected by the vegetation cluster and four species the month cluster.

Formulation of a reference coordinate system of threedimensional head & neck images : Part Ⅱ. Reproducibitity Ⅱ부 수평기준면과 정중사상면의 재현성

Kim, Nam-Kug,Park, Jae-Woo,Chang, Young-Il 대한치과교정학회 발행 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.6

This study was performed to investigate the reproducibility of the horizontal and midsagittal planes, and to suggest a stable coordinate system for three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric analysis. Eighteen CT scans were taken and the coordinate system was established using 7 reference points marked by a volume model, with no more than 4 points on the same plane. The 3D landmarks were selected on V works (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea), then exported to V surgery (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea) to calculate the coordinate values. All the landmarks were taken twice with a lapse of 2 weeks. The horizontal and midsagittal planes were constructed and its reproducibility was evaluated. There was no significant difference in the reproducibility of the horizontal reference planes. But, FH planes were more reproducible than other horizontal planes. FH planes showed no difference between the planes constructed with 3 out of 4 points. The angle of infersection made by 2 FH planes, composed of both Po and one Or showed less than 1° difference. This was identical when 2 FH planes were composed of both Or and one Po. But, the latter cases showed a significantly smaller error. The reproducibility of the midsagittal plane was reliable with an error range of 0.61 to 1.93° except for 5 establishments (FMS-Nc, Na-Rh, Na-ANS, Rh-ANS, and FR-PNS). The 3D coordinate system may be constructed with 3 planes; the horizontal plane constructed by both Po and right Or; the midsagittal plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, including the midpoint of the Foramen Spinosum and Nc; and coronal plane perpendicular to the horizontal and midsagittal planes, including point clinodale, or sella, or PNS. 본연구는 삼차원 두부 영상을 위치시키기 위한 좌표계를 구성하는 방법에 대한 제안하기 위해, CT data에서 기존의 두부방사선 계측사진에서 쓰이는 점들을 선정하고, 이를 바탕으로 수평, 수직평면의 안정성을 조사하였다. 서울대학교 치과병원에 내원한 환자 18명의 CT자료를 채득하였으며, 모든 환자는 서울대학교 병원 진단방사선과에서 촬영하였다. (Somatom Plus 4: Siemens, Eriange, Germany). V works for surgery 4.0 (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea)을 이용하여 3차원 좌측표를 선정하고, 계측점을 선택하였다. 좌표축을 동일하게 설정하기 위해 7개의 점(reference point)을 4·4·2 pixel size의 voxel로 따로 표시하였다. 계측점을 선정한 후 V surgery (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea)에서 각 점의 좌표값을 추출하였다. 각각의 점들은 2회 반복 선정한 후 점들을 조합하여 수평, 수직평면의 재현성을 평가한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다 수평 기준면의 재현도는 S-CI평면을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 사잇각은 FH평면이 가장 작게 나타났다. FH평면은 Po과 Or중 어느 3점을 선택하더라도, 통계적으로 유사한 재현도를 보였다. FH1과 FH2의 사잇각과 FH3과 FH4의 사잇각은 1° 이하의 적은 오차를 보이며, FH3과 FH4의 사잇각이 통계적으로 더 작은 차이를 보였다. 정중시상면의 재현도는 FMS-Nc, Na-Rh, Na-ANS, Rh-ANS, FR-PNS를 기준으로 설정한 경우를 제외하면, 0.61~1.93° 의 양호한 값을 보였다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 공간에서 정의되는 평면의 재현도는 평면을 정의하는 점 자체의 식별오차뿐 아니라, 각 점의 위치관게에도 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 안정적인 3차원 기준좌표계를 구성하려면 양측 Po과 편측 Or으로 구성되는 평면을 수평기준면으로, 수평면에 수직이고, Foramen Spinosum의 중점과 Nc를 포함하는 평면을 수직기준면으로, 수평면과 수직면에 수직이고, clinoidale나 sella, PNS를 지나는 평면을 전두면으로 설정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.

북한문학 연구의 현황과 과제 - 북한 시문학 연구를 중심으로

남송우(Nam Song-Woo) 한국문학회 2005 韓國文學論叢 Vol.39 No.-

This thesis is about the present position of research of North Korean Poetry. It put much importance on the aspect of transfiguration of a point of view of the research of North Korean Literature. It can be named as the progress from the totalitarian through the immanent and the immanent- critical, to the comparative social aspect. These aspects were appeared as the comprehension and introduction of North Korean poetry, the analysis of it with critical distance, and the comparative study of South and North Korean poetry. This change of standpoint was possible since North Korean Literature were regarded as a national literature and further more as unification literature or integration literature of both nations. Despite of transformation of the aspect, however, there has been yet the mixed loading of studies in the immanent and the immanent-critical approaches. This implies that there are still lots of documents of North Korean poetry yet to be introduced as they are. This is the task of which has to be solved thoroughly. Nevertheless there is the progress of research of North Korean poetry and the emergence of the treatise of works and writers of North Korean, it is still in need to write newly about the history of North Korean poetry on these basis. It produces not only contrary evidence of the plentiful existence of objects of research of North Korean poetry but also the tasks of research of them in various points of view.

생물전극 반응조를 이용한 영양물질 제거

김성완,윤철종,최성우,김성우,우성훈,신남철,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

We have investigated a performance of bio-electrode reactor for removal of nutrient like a nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substrate. Lab scale of bio-electrode reactor was operated with synthetic and tannery wastewater. Iron bar and stainless steel used for anode and cathode respectively. In experiment with synthetic wastewater, we were able to obtain the optimal current density range of 2.4-40 mA/dm² after 48 hrs operating time. And in that experiment, about 70~73% of ammonia nitrogen and 54~64% of phosphorus were removed. In experiment with tannery wastewater at 2.4-4.0 mA/dm², the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and organic substract were about 62-69%, 45~59% and beyond 79% respectively.

Thermocouple을 이용한 Buchanan Plugger 표면의 온도상승 분석

조진숙,황윤찬,김선호,황인남,최보영,정영진,정우남,오원만 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.4

This study was performed to confirm the actual temperature rise on the surface of Buchanan plugger by evaluating the temperature rise on the surface of it, the peak temperature of pluggers of various size using thermocouple. The heat carrier system 'System B Heatsource' (Model 1005, Analytic Technologies, USA) and the Buchanan pluggers of F, FM, M and ML sizes are used for this study. The temperature was set to 200 which Dr. Buchanan's "Continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended on digital display and the power level on it was set to 10. The touch mode was used. Five thermocouples were placed in direct contact with the surface of each size of Buchanan's pluggers at 1 ㎜ increments from the tip to the 4 ㎜ length of shank. Each thermocouple was secured with cyanoacrylate adhesive and orthodontic resin block. The two wire leads of each thermocouple were connected to the appropriate channels of Data Logger. This was configured to simultaneously record input from the five thermocouples. The heat control spring was touched for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 seconds, and the temperature rise on the surface of the pluggers were measured at 1 sec intervals for more than 5 seconds with an accuracy of 0.01. Ten trials was determined for each plugger. The average of temperature rise and standard deviation was calculated for each size of plugger. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA to determine their significance. The results as follows. 1. The position at which the temperature peaked was approximately at 1∼2㎜ far from the tip of Buchanan plugger (p<0.01). 2. The peak temperature was 215.25±2.28℃ in F plugger, 185.94±2.19℃ in FM plugger, 169.51±9.12℃ in M plugger, and 160.79±1.27℃ in ML plugger and the peak temperature was highest in F type and followed by, in descending order, FM type, M type. ML type showed the lowest peak temperature (p<0.01). This results suggest that the actual temperature on the surface of the pluggers does not correlate well with the temperature set on digital display. Heat concentrates around the tip. The larger plugger reveals lower temperature rise relatively.

Purification and Characterization of α-Galactosidase from Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius Nam27

Bae, Hyoung-Cchurl,Choi, Jong-Woo,Nam, Myoung-Soo Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius CNU27 possessed a high level of ${\alpha}$-galactosidase activity. Purified ${\alpha}$-galactosidase was obtained after sonication of harvested cell pellet followed by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Mono Q anion exchange chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 8,994 units/mg protein which is 17.09 times higher than that in crude extract. The native enzyme was a monomer with a molecular mass of 56,397.1 dalton. The optimum temperature and pH for the enzyme were $40^{\circ}C$ and 6.0, respectively. The enzyme was stable between 25 and $50^{\circ}C$. However, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase activity was lost rapidly below pH 4.5 and above pH 8.5. The enzyme activity decreased to 6.73% and 4.30% of the original activity by addition of $Cu^{2+}$ and $Hg^{2+}$, respectively. Other metal compounds did not affect the enzyme activity significantly. The enzyme liberated galactose from melibiose, raffinose, and stachyose. The rate of substrates hydrolysis was measured by HPLC. Raffinose, stachyose and melibiose were completely decomposed after 24 hr at $40^{\circ}C$.

Time-evolving genetic networks reveal a NAC troika that negatively regulates leaf senescence in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Kim, Hyo Jung,Park, Ji-Hwan,Kim, Jingil,Kim, Jung Ju,Hong, Sunghyun,Kim, Jeongsik,Kim, Jin Hee,Woo, Hye Ryun,Hyeon, Changbong,Lim, Pyung Ok,Nam, Hong Gil,Hwang, Daehee National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.21

<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Leaf senescence is regulated in a complex manner, involving time-dependent interactions with developmental and environmental signals. Genetic screens have identified key regulators of senescence, particularly late-stage senescence regulators. Recently, time-course gene-expression and network analyses, mostly analyses of static networks, have predicted many senescence regulators. However, senescence is defined by time-evolving networks, involving the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks of NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors, central regulators of leaf senescence in <I>Arabidopsis</I>, via time-course gene-expression analysis of NACs in their mutants. These time-evolving networks revealed a unique regulatory module of NACs that controls the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at a presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Senescence is controlled by time-evolving networks that describe the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks for NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors in <I>Arabidopsis</I> during leaf aging. The most evident characteristic of these time-dependent networks was a shift from positive to negative regulation among NACs at a presenescent stage. ANAC017, ANAC082, and ANAC090, referred to as a “NAC troika,” govern the positive-to-negative regulatory shift. Knockout of the NAC troika accelerated senescence and the induction of other <I>NAC</I>s, whereas overexpression of the NAC troika had the opposite effects. Transcriptome and molecular analyses revealed shared suppression of senescence-promoting processes by the NAC troika, including salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, but with predominant regulation of SA and ROS responses by ANAC090 and ANAC017, respectively. Our time-evolving networks provide a unique regulatory module of presenescent repressors that direct the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at the presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼2>

페놀베타인 유도체합성(XI)

우성주,박예진,황순호,홍유화,김남재,김인종,김신규 慶熙大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Tetrahydroberberine-13-one was treated with ethylchloroformate to give the C_8-N bond cleaved product 1. On the treatment with Lawesson's reagent (LAS), chloroketone 2 derived from the hydrolysis of 1 afforded the thioketone 3. On the other hand, spirotype-chloroketone 4 was transformed to diaziridine 8 by a reduction, chlorination and aziridine introduction. Also, spirotype-chlorothioketone 6 was obtained from chloroketone 4.