http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
불량행위 청소년을 중심으로 한 학교폭력 가해자의 사회인구학적 특성 및 정신병리(V)
박지도,최현경,장우성,조동환,김정기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.4
연구목적 : 이 연구는 불량행위 청소년군과 학생군을 대상으로 학교내외에서 행하는 폭력행동의 특징을 알아보고 특히 가해자의 정신병리와 청소년의 폭력행동과의 관계를 알아봄으로써 학교폭력의 이해와 대처방법 그리고 예방프로그램의 수립에 도움이 되고자 한다. 방 법 : 불량행위 청소년(청소년 선도프로그램인 BBS참석자) 남자 331명과 남자 중고등학교생 394명을 폭력의 유형을 괴롭힘, 금품갈취, 신체적 폭력, 언어적 폭력, 위협 등의 5가지 유형으로 나눈 설문문항을 바탕으로 각 경우의 경험빈도를 5점 척도로 하여 각 문항에서 3점 이상을 가해자군으로 분류하였으며 설문지를 통한 조사와 정신병리의 측정도구로서 한국판 아동-청소년 문제행동 평가 척도표(CBCL : Child Behavior Checklist, 청소년용)및 청소년의 자기개념을 알아보기 위해 한국판 피어스-해리스 소아 자기 개념척도(Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale, Piers, 1984, 이하 자기개념척도)를 적용하였으며 Chi-square test, T-test, 그리고 Two-way ANOVA를 사용하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 사회 인구학적 특성에서는 대부분의 요인에서 불량행위군과 학생군 그리고 가해자군과 비가해군간에 차이는 보이지 않았으나 흡연과 음주하는 비율이 불량행위군과 학생군 두 군 모두 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 의미있게 높게 나타났다. 부모의 부부싸움 빈도는 불량행위군에서는 가해자와 비가해자군간에 차이를 보이지 않았으나 학생군에서는 가해자군에서 종종 싸운다는 비율이 의미있게 높게 나타났다. 학교생활에서는 성적이나 교우관계에서는 두 군 사이와 가해여부에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았으며 성적은 불량행위군이 학생군에 비해 낮은 반면 가해여부에 따라서는 차이가 없었다. 하지만 학생군에서는 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 성적이 낮았으며 만화방을 이용하는 빈도도 가해자군에서 높게 나타났다. 폭력물 시청 시 느낌은 불량행위군과 학생군 모두에게서 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 흥분된다는 비율이 높게 나타났다. CBCL(Child Behavior Checklist)척도는 불량행위군의 경우 비행, 공격성, 외현화, 사회성 척도가 학생군에 비해 유의하게 높았고 위축, 사회적 미성숙, 사고문제, 주의집중, 내재화 척도는 학생군에서 불량행위군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 전체 대상군을 가해자군과 비가해자군으로 나누어 비교하였을 때 신체증상, 사고문제, 주의집중, 비행, 공격성, 내재화, 외현화척도에서 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 유의하게 높았으며 군과 가해여부의 상호작용효과 검증결과에서는 유의한 상호작용을 보이는 척도는 없었으나 각 집단의 모든 척도에서 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 높은 점수를 보여주었으며 불량행위군의 경우 가해자군일수록 비행, 공격성, 외현화 척도가 높아지는 경향을 보였으며 학생군의 경우에서도 마찬가지로 비행, 공격성, 외현화 척도에서 가해자군이 비가해자군보다 높게 나타났다. 자기개념 척도는 불량행위군의 경우 행동, 지적학업척도에서 학생군에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났으며 불안, 인기척도는 학생군에서 불량행위군보다 유의하게 낮게 나타났다. 전체 대상군을 가해자군과 비가해자군으로 나누어 비교하였을 때 행동, 지적학업척도는 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 점수를 보여주었으며 각 군과 가해여부의 상호작용검증결과에서는 유의한 상호작용효과를 보인 것은 없었으나 두 군 모두 행동척도가 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 낮은 경향을 보여주었다. 결 론 : 불량행위군과 학생군에서의 폭력가해자는 사회인구학적 변인에서는 비가해자와 유사한 특징을 가지나 각자의 내재된 심리상태와 정신병리에 따라 폭력 영상물과 음주 흡연의 가능성증가 그리고 가정에서의 폭력의 학습 등 주변의 위해 요인에 가해자군이 비가해자군에 비해 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 생각된다. 이에 학교폭력에 대한 대책수립 시 결과에만 초점을 맞춘 처벌 위주의 방식에서 벗어나 이들이 가진 심리적 특징과 정신병리를 이해하고 그에 따른 예방적인 대책수립이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of school violence, self concept, psychopathology and psychosocial characteristics of male aldolescent delinquency doing school violence. And we hoped to use this result as basic material for prevention of school violence through comparison of those of students group. Method : We surveyed 725 male adolescents including 331 deliquents from educational program called "Big Brothers and Sister" in Pusan. We used self-reporting questionnaire composed of demographic data and attitude to violence. In order to investigate the psychopathology and self-concept, we used Child Behavior Check List, Youth edit, Korean version(CBCL) and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. Statistical methods employed were Chi-square, t-test, two-way ANOVA. Result : The results show that in most demographic and psychosocial factor including age, education, socio-economic condition, religion and relationship with friends, there was no significant difference between delinquent and student group. And there was no significant difference between bully and non-bully in both group. The frequency of alcohol drinking and smoking were higher in bullying groups. For the feeling of watching violent mass-media, bullying delinquents reported more excited state than non-bullying delinquents in both group. On results of CBCL, subscales of delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing problem, social scale in delinquent group were higher than those in student group. Subscale of somatic complaints, thought problem, attention problem, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing problem, and externalizing problem in bullying group were higher than those in nonbullying group. In both delinquent and student group, subscale of delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, and externalizing problem in bullying group were significantly higher than those in nonbully group. In the results of self-concept scale, subscales of behavior, intellectual and school status in delinquent group were lower than those in student group. Subscale of somatic complaints, thought problem, attention problem, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing problem, and externalizing problem in bullying group were higher than those in nonbully group Conclusion : In both delinquent and student groups, most psychosocial factors in bully group were not significantly different with those in nonbully group. Bully group was more influenced by internal psychic state, psychopathology and environmental factor than nonbully group.
土工을 中心으로 한 林道網 配置 計劃에 關한 硏究 : 白雲山 演習林 地區를 對象으로 Application in Mt. Baekwoon Research Forest
鄭道鉉,禹保命,李峻雨 서울대학교 농과대학 농업개발연구소 1992 서울대농학연구지 Vol.17 No.2
This study was aimed at determining the rational forest road networks in mountainous terrain forests by using the developed computer model. The computer model used for this study is composed of two major subroutines for digital terrain analysis and road-route selection, and the road-route selection subroutine uses the area-partitioning method in order to fully investigate alternative roading routes and to determine the layout of forest roads. The developed computer model was applied to designing a road network for the Research Forest of Seoul National University. The forest having an area of about 11,000 hectares is located in Mt. Baekwoon region of Kwangyang-gun and Gurye-gun in Chulanam-do. To evaluate the optimality of the determined road networks in this study, such factors as the average skidding distance, accessibility to forest stands, development index and circulated road network index were measured. The results of the optimality analysis of the road network is good and practicable.
랜덤포레스트를 이용한 낙동강 본류의 남조류 발생 영향인자 분석
정우석(Jung, Woo Suk),김성은(Kim, Sung Eun),김영도(Kim, Young Do) 한국습지학회 2021 한국습지학회지 Vol.23 No.1
본 연구에서는 랜덤포레스트를 이용하여 8개 보 지점별 남조류 발생 주요 영향인자를 도출하고, 조류경보제 기반의범주형 예측모델을 개발하였다. 8개 보 지점의 랜덤포레스트의 변수 중요도를 살펴본 결과, 상류의 보 지점들은 남조류 발생에 있어 보 운영에 따른 영향을 직접적으로 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 효율적인 보 운영을 통한 남조류 관리가 가능할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 중류 구간은 DO와 E.C가 주요 영향인자로 도출되었다. 공간적으로 구미와 김천에 대규모 산업공단들이 밀집되어 있으며, 환경기초시설의 배출량이 큰 영향을 끼치는 구간이다. 따라서 폭염 및 가뭄 시기에 중류 유역에서 배출되는 환경기초시설의 방류는 본류의 E.C를 증가하게 하고 남조류 발생을 촉진 시키는것으로 나타났다. 중·하류에 위치한 보 지점들은 폭염 및 가뭄의 영향을 가장 많이 받는 지역으로 여름철 가뭄에 따른남조류 대발생에 대비하여 선제적인 관리가 필요한 지점으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 지점별 남조류 발생 영향인자를 도출하였으며, 맞춤형 조류관리를 위한 정책적 의사결정의 기초자료로 제공될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this study, the main influencing factors of the occurrence of cyanobacteria at each of the eight Multifunctional weirs were derived using a random forest, and a categorical prediction model based on a Algal bloom warning system was developed. As a result of examining the importance of variables in the random forest, it was found that the upstream points were directly affected by weir operation during the occurrence of cyanobacteria. This means that cyanobacteria can be managed through efficient security management. DO and E.C were indicated as major influencers in midstream. The midstream section is a section where large-scale industrial complexes such as Gumi and Gimcheon are concentrated as well as the emissions of basic environmental facilities have a great influence. During the period of heatwave and drought, E.C increases along with the discharge of environmental facilities discharged from the basin, which promotes the outbreak of cyanobacteria. Those monitoring sites located in the middle and lower streams are areas that are most affected by heat waves and droughts, and therefore require preemptive management in preparation for the outbreak of cyanobacteria caused by drought in summer. Through this study, the characteristics of cyanobacteria at each point were analyzed. It can provide basic data for policy decision-making for customized cyanobacteria management
김남조(Nam-Jo Kim),곽동일(Dong-Il Kwak),강우람(Woo-Ram Kang),황유상(Yoo-Sang Hwang),김도형(Do-Hyung Kim),김찬동(Chan-Dong Kim),이기진(Ki-Jin Lee),소희섭(Hee-Soup So) 한국항공우주학회 2022 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.50 No.3
헬기의 능동진동제어시스템(AVCS)은 주로터로부터 발생되는 진동을 제어하며, 수동형 진동저감장치 대비 저중량으로 우수한 진동저감 성능을 발휘한다. 본 논문에서는 FxLMS 알고리즘을 기반으로 타코미터 및 가속도 센서 신호를 통해 연산된 제어명령을 하중발생기(CFG)로 전달하여 소형 민수헬기의 진동을 제어하는 소프트웨어 개발 및 검증 내용을 제시하였다. DO-178C /DO-331 표준에 따라 모델 기반 설계 기법을 통해 진동제어 소프트웨어를 개발하였으며, PILS 및 HILS 환경에서 실시간 작동 성능을 평가하였다. 특히, PILS 환경에서는 LDRA 기반 검증 커버리지를 통해 소프트웨어의 신뢰성을 향상시켰다. AVCS를 소형민수헬기에 적용하기 위해 지상/비행시험을 통해 대상 헬기 동적응답특성 모델을 획득하였다. 이를 기반으로 시스템 최적화 분석 및 비행시험을 통해 최적 성능을 발휘하는 AVCS 형상을 결정하고, STC 인증을 획득하였다. Active vibration control system(AVCS) for helicopter enables to control the vibration generated from the main rotor and has the superb vibration reduction performance with low weight compared passive vibration reduction device. In this paper, FxLMS algorithm-based vibration control software of the light civil helicopter tansmits the control command calculated using the signals of the tachometer and accelerometers to the circular force generator(CFG) is developed and verified. According to the RTCA DO-178C/DO-331, the vibration control software is developed through the model based design technique, and real-time operation performance is evaluated in PILS(processor in-the loop simulation) and HILS(hardware in-the loop simulation) environments. In particular, the reliability of the software is improved through the LDRA-based verification coverage in the PIL environments. In order to AVCS to light civil helicopter(LCH), the dynamic response characteristic model is obtained through the ground/flight tests. AVCS configuration which exhibits the optimal performance is determined using system optimization analysis and flight test and obtain STC certification.
禹保命,鄭道鉉 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1989 서울대농학연구지 Vol.14 No.1
To investigate the influence of some factors related with road structures and site characteristics on side-ditch erosion of the forest road, four forest roads elapsed from one to four years after construction were selected and surveying points were set up at intervals of 20m from beginning of each side-ditch of each road. Data consisting of 13 factors related with road structures and site characteristics on side-ditch erosion were collected from each surveying point and analysed by correlation and multiple regression method. The major results obtained from this study are summarized as follows; 1. Averages of side-ditch erosion in each forest road were 12.6m/㎞ at the forest road constructed in 1987, 31.6m/㎞ at that in 1986, 30.2m/㎞ at that in 1985, and 39.6m/㎞ at that in 1984. 2. The data analysis of each road showed that the distance from beginning of side-ditch and longitudinal gradient of side-ditch were highly correlated with side-ditch erosion. 3. With increasing time after construction, side-ditch erosion tended to increase. 4. According to the integrated analysis of 375 surveying points, the distance from beginning of side-ditch, longitudinal gradient of side-ditch, and years after construction were significant to explain the variance in order of their relative contribution in side-ditch erosion. 5. By the estimation of discrimination ability, erosional condition on the basis of allowable quantity in side-ditch erosion was classified.
나이지리아 한국어 및 한국문화 교육 현황 및 보완점에 관한 연구 : 세종학당을 중심으로
우도혁 부산외국어대학교 아프리카연구센터 2021 아프리카학 연구 Vol.1 No.1
This paper is an analysis of Korean language and culture education operated in Nigeria. Nigeria is far from Korea, but Korean language education is underway a lot. Nigeria is also the most well-run African country by King Sejong Institute. Sejong Institute is an institution operated by the government to distribute Korean language abroad. Therefore, the Korean language curriculum at Sejong Institute is the closest to the standard. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the Korean language education conducted at Sejong Institute and present the problems and supplementary points that are occurring through it. [Key words: Korean, Sejong Institute, Korean Wave, Cultural Exchange, Cultural Center]
항정신병약물을 처음으로 사용하는 초발 정신증 환자에서 나타나는 체중 및 대사성 지표의 변화 : 후향적 연구
김우진,심주철,공보금,강제욱,문정준,김정은,김민걸,박민경,김성진,김현정,정도운 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2
Objectives:This study was to identify weight & metabolic changes in first-episode psychotic patients with antipsychotics use and investigate the differences of weight & metabolic changes between first-episode psychotic patients and controls with antipsychotics use. Method:In this retrospective study, twenty eight first-episode psychotic patients and twenty eight controls with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or bipolar disorder defined by DSM-IV criteria were included. Information about demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects was gathered from the medical records. Also body weight, sBP, dBP, fasting glucose, lipid profile and WBC count were evaluated before and after antipsychotics use. Rogistic regression was conducted to assess factors associated with weight gain. Results:First-episode psychotic patients showed more weight and BMI changes than controls after antipsychotics use, and these changes continue over 12 months. On the other hand, there were no significant factors associated with weight gain. Conclusion:The results of present study suggest that antispychotics is one of the major causes inducing weight gain of psychotic patients and antipsychotics-induced weight gain is more vulnerable to drug-naive first-episode psychotic patients.
鄭道彦,禹鍾仁,李定均,趙普衍,高昌舜,金勇一 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.2
A case of a female Manic Depressive Illness patient with goitrous hypothyroidism is presented. After ten and half months of lithium maintenance therapy starting during her first psychiatric admission, she was admitted again due to acute recurrent manic episode. On admission, she complained of easy fatigability and cold intolerance, and thyroid gland was palpable and enlarged in moderate degree. Thyroid function test revealed markedly increased TSH and moderately decreased thyroxine levels. TRH stimulation test showed an exaggerated response. Needle biopsy specimen revealed chronic lymphocytic and immune complex thyroiditis. However, antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies were negative. In pretreatment thyroid evaluation on her first admission, neither goiter nor thyroid function abnormality was detectable and no signs of underlying thyroid disease or hereditary predisposition to hypothyroidism were present. Within three weeks of discontinuation of lithium, goiter was no more palpable and within five weeks, thyroid function test returned to normal range. The possibility that patients with underlying thyroiditis may be particularly susceptible to a rapid onset of lithium-induced hypothyroidism is discussed.
이송우,나영수,김도한,류동춘,최동훈,류병순,송승구 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.1
본 연구는 무연탄으로 활성탄을 제조할 경우 성형이 세공특성에 미치는 효과를 고찰한 것이다. 3가지 다른 방법으로 활성탄(파쇄형 활성탄, 압축성형 활성탄, 압축성형 활성탄)을 제조하여 특성을 비교했다. 이중에서 25%의 콜타르와 7%의 물을 혼합하여 압출 성형한 활성탄이 비표면적, 세공부피, 그리고 경도에서 가장 좋은 물성을 나타내었다. 압축 및 압출 성형체의 표면은 무연탄 원탄과는 달리 무연탄 분말이 바인더와 혼합되어 있으므로 매우 거친 상태를 나타내었고, 활성화시 거칠게 형성되어 있는 입자사이로 활성화제인 수증기가 쉽게 침투하여 많은 세공을 형성시킴을 알 수 있었다. 이렇게 형성된 세공을 통해 수증기 활성화반응이 잘 일어나 직경 3,000-50,000Å 범위의 거대세공이 발달하였다. 파쇄형 활성탄에 비해 약 2배의 거대세공(macropore)부피를 가지고 있었으며 경도도 30%에서 95% 이상으로 상승되었다. This study was to investigate the effect of granulation process on pore characteristics in manufacturing anthracitebased activated carbons. The activated carbons were made by three different methods to compare characteristics: the crushed activated carbon, the compressed activated carbon, and the extruded activated carbon. Among these activated carbons, the extruded activated carbon using a binder that consists of 25% coal tar and 7% water showed the best characteristics in specific surface area, pore volume, and hardness. Since the compressed and the extruded substances had coarser surfaces than a raw material, steam could penetrate easily through particles and produce macropores especially in the diameter ranges of 3,000-50,000Å during activation process. The extruded activated carbon showed about twice more macropore volumes than the crushed activated carbon and the hardness was increased from 30% up to 95%.
통계적 기법을 이용한 마이크로 스피커 다이아프램의 최적형상설계에 관한 연구
안찬우,홍도관,최재기,박진우 東亞大學校附設 生産技術硏究所 2007 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-
This study uses response surface methodology to explain correlations between the objective function and design variables, fractional factorial design and central composite design were carried out. The change of shape of diaphragm, thickness of diaphragm and voice coil weight based on fractional factorial design and central composite design are made. Therefore this study carried to decide design variables for minimizing 1st natural frequency and maximizing 2nd natural frequency of diaphragm using response surface methodology and screening(fractional factorial design), we showed improved design variables.