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Progress of Functional Components Design and Analysis of a Korean HCCR TBM in ITER
Dong-Won Lee,Hyung Gon Jin,Kyu In Shin,Eo Hwak Lee,Suk-Kwon Kim,Jae Sung Yoon,Mu-Young Ahn,Seungyon Cho IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.42 No.5
<P>Korea has developed a helium cooled ceramic reflector (HCCR) test blanket module (TBM) for testing in a ITER, which consists of functional components to distribute the He coolant to each region such as the first wall (FW), breeding zone (BZ), side wall (SW), and back manifold (BM). In this paper, the detailed design of each component is introduced as follows: 1) FW considering cooling under a structural material temperature limit (550 °C); 2) BZ layer for obtaining tritium breeding ratio and cooling with a breeder, reflector, and multiplier pebbles; 3) SW considering the flow distribution to BZ and internal pressure; 4) BM for uniform flow to FW cooling channels; and 5) He purge line in BZ considering a purge gas distribution in BZ. From the performance analysis of each functional component using the CFD code, ANSYS-CFX with the results of nuclear heating from a neutronic analysis, the results show that the design requirements of KO HCCR TBM were satisfied.</P>
위십이지장궤양(胃十二指腸潰瘍)의 침구치료(鍼灸治療)에 대한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察)
최원확 ( Won Hwak Choe ),조명래 ( Myeong Rae Cho ),채우석 ( U Seok Chae ) 대한경락경혈학회 2005 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.22 No.4
Object: The purpose of this study is to arrange the literature about a acupuncture therapy on the gatroduodenal ulcer. Methods: We arrange twenty five kinds of literature about a acupuncture therapy on gastric pain coming within the category of the gatroduodenal ulcer. Results: The cause of gastric pain is disunion of liver and spleen caused by overeating, uncontrolled emotion. The gastric pain is accompanied by lack of appetite, nausea & vomiting, belching, constipation, abdominal discomfort and so on. Therapy methods of the gastric pain are tonifying the spleen, eliminating pathological coldness and alleviation of pain, draining the liver and replenish Ki. Acupuncture point at S36, P6, CV12, B20, B21, B18, B17 used frequently for the acupuncture therapy in the order of frequency of use. Conclusions: Meridians of Conception Vessel, Stomach, Spleen, Bladder and Liver used frequently for the acupuncture therapy. The meridian used for treatment of the gastroduodenal ulcer is related to it passing by a painful place in the body.
Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair without suprapubic port
Ki-Hwak Kwon,Byung-Ho Son,Won-Kon Han 대한외과학회 2011 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.80 No.5
Purpose: We have treated 24 patients through laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair without suprapubic port by using reliability and reducing the invasiveness of two surgery. This study is aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of the TEP repair without suprapubic port compared to conventional TEP repair. Methods: From September 2007 to 11 May 2010, we compared two groups that suffer from inguinal hernias. One is comprised of 24 patients who were treated without suprapubic port laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair (Group A), and the other is comprised of 100 patients who were treated with conventional laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair (Group B). Data regarding patient demographics (sex, age, site of hernia, and the type of hernia), operating time, postoperative hospital stay, the use of analgesics, and complications were prospectively collected. Results: There was no significant difference noted between two groups in relation to sex, age, site, and the type of hernia. The mean operating time and postoperative hospital stay was longer for the Group B (62.9 minutes, 3.55 days) than for the Group A (59.0 minutes, 2.54 days) (P = 0.389, P < 0.001). Postoperative urinary retention, seroma, wound infection were respectively 4.2%, 8.3%, 0% in Group A, and 12.0%, 8.0%, 7% in group B. There was difference between the two groups, but not statistical significance. Group B used more analgesics than Group A (0.33 vs. 0.48), but it wasn’t significant statistically (P = 0.234). Conclusion: Although prospective randomized studies with long-term follow-up evaluation are needed to confirm our study between laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair without suprapubic-port and conventional laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair, our method have some advantages in postoperative pain, urinary retention, operating time, postoperative hospital stay, and cosmetic effect.
Entangled Germanium Nanowires and Graphite Nanofibers for the Anode of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Woo, Sun-Hwak,Choi, Soo Jeong,Park, Jin-Hwan,Yoon, Won-Sub,Hwang, Sung Woo,Whang, Dongmok The Electrochemical Society 2013 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.160 No.1
<P>High performance negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries were fabricated using germanium nanowire (GeNW) and graphite nanofiber (GNF) composites prepared by a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The promising high power rate anode material GeNWs were grown on the surface of a GNF bundle to mutually form the entangled structure. The high contact area between the GeNWs and GNFs enabled electrons to be efficiently transported and the GeNWs entwined with GNFs minimized the degradation of the electrochemical characteristics. These composite materials for the anode of lithium-ion batteries showed a very constant high specific capacity of ∼1,200 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> with little decline of the cycling performance while the rate capability was significantly improved.</P>
Preliminary analysis for thermal-fatigue test of HIP joined W and ferritic-martensitic steel mockup
Lee, Dong Won,Kim, Suk Kwon,Shin, Kyu in,Jin, Hyung Gon,Lee, Eo Hwak,Yoon, Jae Sung,Moon, Se Yeon,Hong, Bong Guen Elsevier 2015 Fusion engineering and design Vol.98 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For the application to plasma facing component (PFC) in a fusion reactor, joining methods between tungsten (W) and ferritic-martensitic steel (FMS) have been developed and three W/FMS mockups were fabricated by HIP (hot isostatic pressing) joining method. Because the high heat flux test should be performed over the thermal lifetime of the mockup to confirm the integrity of joining technology, test conditions are found by performing a thermal-hydraulic and thermo-mechanical analysis with the conventional codes such as ANSYS-CFX and ANSYS-mechanical, respectively. From the analysis, the heating and the cooling conditions are determined, for 1.0MW/m<SUP>2</SUP> heat flux, to be 30s heating and 30s cooling with given test facility cooling system. And the test cycle number for thermal-fatigue testing is determined to be 2500 cycles because the estimated thermal-lifetime of the mockup is about 2324 cycles from the results of elastic-plastic analysis. The high heat flux test with KoHLT-EB will be performed with these test conditions in the near future.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> W/FMS mockup is fabricated to develop the joining method for fusion reactor PFC. </LI> <LI> Thermal-hydraulic analysis is performed with ANSYS-CFX considering the cooling system of KoHLT-EB. </LI> <LI> Heating and cooling time is determined and temperature information for thermo-mechanical analysis is prepared. </LI> <LI> Thermo-mechanical analysis is performed to obtain the stress and strain distribution, and thermal lifetime is estimated using the existing strain to number of cycle to failure curve. </LI> </UL> </P>
Integrated design and performance analysis of the KO HCCR TBM for ITER
Lee, Dong Won,Jin, Hyung Gon,Lee, Eo Hwak,Yoon, Jae Sung,Kim, Suk Kwon,Lee, Cheol Woo,Ahn, Mu-Young,Cho, Seungyon Elsevier 2015 Fusion engineering and design Vol.98 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To develop tritium breeding technology for a Fusion Reactor, Korea has participated in the Test Blanket Module (TBM) program in ITER. The He Cooled Ceramic Reflector (HCCR) TBM consists of functional components such as First Wall (FW), Breeding Zone (BZ), Side Wall (SW), and Back Manifold (BM) and it was designed based on the separate analyses for each component in 2012. Based on the each component analysis model, the integrated model is prepared and thermal-hydraulic analysis for the HCCR TBM is performed in the present study. The coolant flow distribution from BM and SW to FW and BZ, and resulted structure temperatures are obtained with the integrated model. It is found that the non-uniform flow rate occurs at FW and BZ and it causes excess of the design limit (550°C) at some region. Based on this integrated model, we will perform the design optimization for obtaining uniform flow distribution for satisfying the design requirements.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Integrated analysis is performed with the conventional CFD code (ANSYS-CFX). </LI> <LI> Overall pressure drop and coolant flow scheme are investigated. </LI> <LI> Manifold design is being performed considering flow distribution. </LI> </UL> </P>