한국 여성운동과 걸스카우트운동 : 과거·현재·미래 Yesterday, Present and Tomorrow

정세화,이동원,김미숙,박진숙,장화경,홍승아 이화여대 한국여성연구소 1988 여성학논집 Vol.5 No.-

One of the major implications of women's movements seems to lie in the fact that it tends to promote women's consciousness-raising and, thus, heighten social status of women in general. It would be very much the case when discussion centers around the emergence of Korean women's movements in modern sense. Due to the socio-political atmospheres of the lathe 19th century Korean society, its basic characteristics owe to strong tones of patriotic nationalism under the slogan of "learning is might enough to deal with the imperialistic foreign powers of the time." As such, ever since the introduction of women's enlightenment movements of the time, Korean women's movements have provided for the advancement of egalitarian society. However, assessing the effectiveness of programs that are practiced by the existing women's organizations in Korea, it deserves mention in that most programs are for the adult female members, assuming it would only be applicable to those adults. In this regard, it can be said that the Korean Girl Scout organization has worked a unique role to make up such voids in women's movements - most programs developed and exercised by the Girl Scout are reserved for those young girls. For instance, special activities like social services, field campaigns, and international gatherings would definitely work a profound impact in the formation of gender-role stereotypes of the youth. The present study tries to examine the Korean Girl Scout movement being the case of women's movement organization. Discussion will cover such topics as; historical reviews of Korean Girl Scout movement, principal organizational goals and its practice in real life, and internal dynamics of members between "staffs" and the ordinary members themselves-on perceptions of the movement, evaluation of leaderships, and the future orientations of the Girl Scout, etc. Various research methods are employed. Book reviews, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and participant observations are utilized, when the respective measurement is required. Major findings of the study can be summarized as follows: (1) Numbers of Girl Scout membership have declined since 1980, while revealing its utmost pick upto mid-70s. In terms of regional distributions of the members, both Seoul and Kyung-Nam Branches are the most prosperous. Whereas commemoration ceremonies and camping works are considered most impressive programs, membership trainings and field works are the lowest. About 70 percent of the members show their length of activities in Girl Scout less than one year. Most members are involved in the activities based on self-decision in order to have social services, club memberships, or self actualizations. They are satisfied with most of the programs, especially when participating in the social service programs. (2) As for the staff members, about half of the leaders in the headquarters are newly appointed. Whereas majority of the 'field' staffs are young (in their 20s, or 30s), other leaders are considered old (most of them are in their 40s, 50s, or 60s). Half of the leaders are involved in the activities for less than 5 years. They are recruited by either colleagues' or office seniors' recommendations. Reasons to participate in the movement are to have self-actualized or to have opportunity for social services. All in all, leaders are satisfied with the Girl Scout activities mainly because they can see their youth members progressing and developing. (3) Several issues for the better organizational managements seem to be related. prevalence of aspirational differences between leaders and members tends to cause psychological burdens. Other problematics such as lack of free communication networks, tensions due to cohort differences, authoritarian leadership styles, and financial difficulties would hinder Girl Scout movement more promising and popular to all. Based on the research findings, two major suggestions might be in order. First, underlying rationales of the Girl Scout movement should be reoriented. A special emphasis on the creation of self-supportive 'androgynous individuals' would be the case (in this regard, an intensive program targeted for those pre-school-aged members would be the most effective). As a way to achieve the strategic reformulation, reliance on the interdisciplinary program (for example, coordination with the university) will be one possibility. Secondly, an organizational management should be sufficiently considered. provisions (tangible and intangible) for the 'field leaders' being the key leader group in the Girl Scout movement should be afforded enough to keep their participations voluntary and continuous.

예비 유아 교사의 자아상태 유형에 관한 연구

박화윤,최인숙,천은영 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of this study is to analyze the preservice teacher' ego state type and to provide basic data for personality education and teacher training. The subjects of this study were 234 students majoring in early childhood in 2 universities and 112 students majoring in early childhood in 2 colleges of Jeonbuk province. The instrument of this study were 「Ego gram Check list」that were developed by Dusay(1977). The results of this study were as follows : 1. As compared among the grade, all groups were showed that NP type was predominant position, and both A type and FC type were showed to be a significant difference. 2. As compared between university students and college students, two Groups were also showed that NP type was predominant position, and both A type and FC type were showed to be a significant difference.

노인의 활동량이 체형 및 영양필요량에 미치는 영향(III) : 활동량에 따른 영양상태를 중심으로 Nutritional status and habitual physical activity

임화재,윤진숙 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1990 科學論集 Vol.16 No.-

This study was intended to investigate the relationship between habitual physical activity and nutritional status of elderly women over 60 years in Tae-gu area. Past and current physical activity of subjects were classified by activity questionnaire and daily energy expenditure. Dietary intake was measured by convenient method and N balance was calculated from urinary urea nitrogen content and protein intake. The results were as follows : 1. Environmental factors such as participation in elderly club, pocket money, resident type were significantly related to the intensity of physical activity. 2. Anthropometric indicators such as height, weight, skinfold thickness, and arm circumference were significantly lower in the group with more past physical activity. 3. Dietary intake of all the nutrients except fat was significantly higher in groups with more current physical activity. Our data suggested that recommended energy intake of elderly women would be 1400-1750 Kcal according to their activity level and protein intake would be followed by Korean recommended dietary allowance. It is also suggested that maintaining habitual physical activity moderately is beneficial for optimal nutrition intake.

갑상선 기능 저하증에 수반된 정신병에 대한 Levothyroxine(^(�)Synthyroid) 단독치료 1예

조숙행,정인과,곽동일 최신의학사 1990 最新醫學 Vol.33 No.3

젊은 남자 성인의 칼슘과 철의 영양상태에 관한 연구

박영숙,곽주영,권지혜,류화라 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2002 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

A survey was performed to 174 male young men who were living alone(40 persons) and shared living with friends(4143 persons) in Chungnam province. Their average age was 22.6 years old, height 171.8 ㎝, and weight 65.6 ㎏. Their daily calcium intake level was averaged 271.9±169.1 ㎎, which was 38.8 %RDA. Comparing calcium intake of each mealtime, breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks were composed of 18.6%, 30.0%, 34.0% and 17.4%, respectively. Their daily iron intake level was averaged 8.9±10.8 ㎎, which was 74.3 %RDA. Comparing iron intake of each mealtime, breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks were composed of 15.4%, 33.6%, 36.3% and 14.7%, respectively. These results suggested that deficiency of the two minerals in young male adults were severe and the nutrient qualities were also poor, no matter of their living alone or with accompanies. The deficiency was more profound in calcium than iron. And we observed iron nutriture differed significantly according to their living status, such as iron intake and its %RDA were significantly worse in single living subjects than the others. However calcium did not show significant difference. We concluded that shared living environment in young male adults could possibly improve their dietary mineral intake levels.

消音器의 音響減衰에 關한 硏究

윤화중,홍은숙,전관수 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1989 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.2

In order to investigate the acoustical attenuation effects from simple expansion chamber type muffler the following experiments were carried out ; the spectrum analyzer which has 25Hz analyzing frequency intervals was devised. The changing of acoustical attenuation frequency intervals was devised. The changing of acoustical attenuation effects were observed by varying the diameter and the length of the muffler. The diffuser was attached to the muffler in order to decrease the sound pressure levels more and then the acoustical attenuation effects were investigated. The phenomena on the sound wave surface was curvatured and visualized by the diffuser was confirmed in photographic developing of the attenuation wave.

酒類中의 呈味成分 比較

金和淑,邵溫子 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1961 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.2

開化期 韓國女性의 近代意識의 形成

崔淑卿,鄭世華 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1976 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.28 No.-

This paper attempts to trace the process of formation of Korean Women's "modern" consciousness and to indicate how it started to grow. Since the 17th century the voluntary modernization effort had been pursued by the followers of practical science. However, the effort had met with failure. The effort began to be realized in the 19th century when the Korean government partially perceived the necessity of modernization and opened her door to keep abreast with the other nations of the world. Korean women came to be enlightened by those who had the chance to be in contact with new knowledge and things, by the introduction of Christianity, and by modern education for women in so-called mission schools. The Kaap-O Reform in 1894 brought changes to all walks of life. The political and economic system of the country together with the social one began to be changed. Accordingly, the enlightenment penetrated the family system, people's social standing, government official's social privileges and so forth. The change was, more or less, an expected outcome of the social needs of the period. In the name of women's beauty and virtue, any remarriage of women was strictly forbidden. However, the custom was abolished with the reform. On the other hand, early marriage of women was forbidden. Although schools were open to common people at the time, no one paid any particular attention to the necessity of educating women. Women made a complaint against the government, and with men took part in the patriotic civil rights movement of the Manmin-Kongdong-Hoi)"All the people getting together society") and tried to oust the incompetent ministry and to establish a reform cabinet. Thereafter, as Japan expanded her aggressive forces, the women's rights movement together with the movement for restoring the sovereignty of Korea was developed. The women's consciousness in this crucial situation complemented the patriotic movement at this time. In 1905, when Korea was deprived of diplomatic rights by Japan, The women's patriotic consciousness was enhanced. They established women's organizations, schools for women, and actively participated in the Kukchae-Posaang Movement("National debt redemption movement") with men. The purpose of the above-mentioned movements was to save the country from crisis and to produce capable women who could do a big part in safeguarding the country. The Korean women's movement is quite different from its western counterpart in the sense that the women's movement in the West has been launched against men. The "enlightened" Korean men have supported and welcomed Korean women's "modern" consciousness, since the friction between the two sexes had to be dissolved in the face of the much bigger task loaded on their shoulders, the protection of the sovereignty of their country from the enemy outside.

Flutoprazepam (Restas^(�))의 임상적 효과

조숙행,정인과,곽동일 최신의학사 1989 最新醫學 Vol.32 No.8

한국 여성사 정립을 위한 인물 유형 연구 : from Ancient Times to Tae-han Che-guk(大韓帝國) 고대에서 대한제국 시대까지

정세화,최숙경,이배용,장필화,김영미,박진숙 이화여대 한국여성연구소 1988 여성학논집 Vol.5 No.-

This study is an attempt to analyse the types of women recorded in historical documents. The categories are broadly divided in three areas; political, social and familial spheres. In the political sphere, three queens in Shilla period, the only period in Korean history when a queen was the supreme ruler, and women who had a formal right to be involved in the determination of soverign successor, to assume regency, and who had various informal political influence. In the social sphere, women's economic and religeous activities were examined. Also women specialists such as medicine women, shamans and kisaeng (entertainers) are examined in this category. In the familial sphere, conjugal relationships of first (legitimate) wives and concubines, and women's status and activities are investigated. The gradual establishment of patriarchal system initiated by the state, and the conflict of women's interests in the process was analysed. As a result of this preliminary analyses, it became clear that the social position of women in Korean history was constricted with the growth of the power of the state. In the case of ancient Korea and Koryo period women's status in the family was comparatively higher and their personal activities were freer although their political and social activities were restricted. As time progressed, the establishment and reinforcement of partriarchal system of the state based on confucian ideology had crucial importance on the position of women in society. The system of family was restructured and carefully monitored, and the members of the family were closely controlled. The state sought the material and ideological bases of the power through these control. As a result, the status of women became more structurally subjugated to make heads of the family, especially after the mid Choson dynasty.