Design of Concentrating System for Solar Side-pumped Slab Laser

Wentong Fan,Yan Liu,Pan Guo,Rui Deng,Nan Li,Fukang Ding,Yasha Li,Jun Zhou,Shiwei Xie 한국광학회 2020 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.4 No.1

The design of a concentration system for a solar side-pumped slab laser was investigated. The side size of the slab laser medium is 2 mm × 20 mm. Based on the principle of the edge ray, a secondary concentrating system consisting of a rectangular parabolic mirror (RPM) and a rectangular dielectric-filled compound parabolic concentrator (RDCPC) was demonstrated. The focal length of RPM is 1200 mm and the size is 734 mm × 2000 mm. The outlet size of the RDCPC is 2 mm × 20 mm. The concentration effect was analyzed by using Tracepro optical software. The results showed that the concentration efficiency reached 81.3% and the uniformity of the spot was 91.4% after optimization. This design of concentration system is of great reference value for a solar side-pumped slab laser.

Decomposable polynomial response surface method and its adaptive order revision around most probable point

Wentong Zhang,Yiqing Xiao 국제구조공학회 2020 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.76 No.6

As the classical response surface method (RSM), the polynomial RSM is so easy-to-apply that it is widely used in reliability analysis. However, the trade-off of accuracy and efficiency is still a challenge and the “curse of dimension” usually confines RSM to low dimension systems. In this paper, based on the univariate decomposition, the polynomial RSM is executed in a new mode, called as DPRSM. The general form of DPRSM is given and its implementation is designed referring to the classical RSM firstly. Then, in order to balance the accuracy and efficiency of DPRSM, its adaptive order revision around the most probable point (MPP) is proposed by introducing the univariate polynomial order analysis, noted as RDPRSM, which can analyze the exact nonlinearity of the limit state surface in the region around MPP. For testing the proposed techniques, several numerical examples are studied in detail, and the results indicate that DPRSM with low order can obtain similar results to the classical RSM, DPRSM with high order can obtain more precision with a large efficiency loss; RDPRSM can perform a good balance between accuracy and efficiency and preserve the good robustness property meanwhile, especially for those problems with high nonlinearity and complex problems; the proposed methods can also give a good performance in the high-dimensional cases.

Change in Supramolecular Networks through In Situ Esterification of Porphyrins

Chen, Wentong,Fukuzumi, Shunichi WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 European journal of inorganic chemistry Vol.2009 No.36

<P>A series of porphyrins, M[TCPP-Et<SUB>4</SUB>] [M = Zn (1), Cu (2), and Ni (3); Et = CH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>3</SUB>; TCPP = meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin], M[TCPP-Me<SUB>4</SUB>] [M = Zn (4), Cu (5), and Co (6); Me = CH<SUB>3</SUB>], and two nonmetalated compounds, TCPP-Et<SUB>4</SUB> (7) and TCPP-Me<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O (8), were synthesized by solvothermal reactions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1–3 feature an isolated structure with a planar macrocycle and an embedded metal-ion coordinating to four pyrrole nitrogen atoms. Compound 4 is characterized as a two-dimensional coordination polymer, and the zinc ion coordinates to four nitrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. Compound 4 possesses a large void space (361 Å<SUP>3</SUP>), which corresponds to 14 % of the unit-cell volume. Compounds 5 and 6 are characteristic of an isolated motif with a four-coordinate metal ion and a saddle-distorted nonplanar porphyrin macrocycle. Nonmetalated compounds 7 and 8 also show an isolated structure with a planar macrocycle. For compounds 1–3 and 7, the TCPP is esterified with ethanol, while for compounds 4–6 and 8, the TCPP is esterified with methanol. The molecules in 1 and 6–8 are interconnected by hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions to yield 3D supramolecular networks, while in 2–5, 2D supramolecular motifs are formed. The reaction mechanism was explored. Esterification plays an important role in changing the properties of the compounds as well as in the formation of different structural motifs and supramolecular networks. The UV/Vis, FTIR, fluorescence, phosphorescence, and MALDI-TOF MS spectra, quantum yields, luminescence lifetimes, and cyclic voltammograms were also studied in detail.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Eight esterified TCPP compounds were successfully synthesized by solvothermal reactions and characterized. The reaction mechanism was investigated. Esterification plays a vital role in the properties, structural motifs and supramolecular networks. <img src='wiley_img/14341948-2009-2009-36-EJIC200900801-fig000.gif' alt='wiley_img/14341948-2009-2009-36-EJIC200900801-fig000'> </P>

Design of Concentrating System for Solar Side-pumped Slab Laser

Fan, Wentong,Liu, Yan,Guo, Pan,Deng, Rui,Li, Nan,Ding, Fukang,Li, Yasha,Zhou, Jun,Xie, Shiwei Optical Society of Korea 2020 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.4 No.1

The design of a concentration system for a solar side-pumped slab laser was investigated. The side size of the slab laser medium is 2 mm × 20 mm. Based on the principle of the edge ray, a secondary concentrating system consisting of a rectangular parabolic mirror (RPM) and a rectangular dielectric-filled compound parabolic concentrator (RDCPC) was demonstrated. The focal length of RPM is 1200 mm and the size is 734 mm × 2000 mm. The outlet size of the RDCPC is 2 mm × 20 mm. The concentration effect was analyzed by using Tracepro optical software. The results showed that the concentration efficiency reached 81.3% and the uniformity of the spot was 91.4% after optimization. This design of concentration system is of great reference value for a solar side-pumped slab laser.

Ethanol Upregulates the Expression of p21^WAF1/CIP1, Prolongs G_1 Transition, and Prevents PGA_2 Induced Apoptosis in Human Epithelial Cells

Guo, Wentong,Park, No-Hee Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1998 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.23 No.1

Extensive consumption of alcoholic beverages is a risk factor associated with the development of various human epidermoid cancers, including oral and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. However, the mechanisms of alcohol associated carcinogenesis are unknown. We report here that exposure of human epithelial cells to ethanol, at concentrations (100-200 mM) that do not cause cell death, upregulates the transcription of the WAF1/CIP1 gene and reduces the rate of cellular proliferation by inducing a delay in G_1 phase transition in human epithelial cells, including normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK), human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC4, SCC9) and human colorectal carcinoma (RKO) cells. RKO cells undergo apoptosis when exposed to prostaglandin A_2 (PGA_2), but are protected by ectotypical overexpression of p21^(WAF1/CIP1) (Gorospe et al., 1996b). We examined the effect of ethanol on PGA_2-induced apoptosis which followed DNA fragmentation, accumulation of cellular p53 and G_2/M arrest. Ethanol alone enhanced the cellular levels of p21^(WAF1/CIP1) and p27, and decreased Cdk2, resulting in prolongation of the G_1 to S transition. When non-synchronized exponentially proliferating cells were pretreated with ethanol, for 8 hours to establish the maximum effect of ethanol and subsequently exposed to both PGA_2 and ethanol, the cells stopped proliferating but apoptosis was prevented. Ethanol prevented PGA_2-induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, but did not prevent PGA_2-induced G_2/M arrest.

Ethanol Prevents Apoptosis Induced by Prostaglandin A_2 in Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells

Guo, Wentong,Park, No-Hee Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1999 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.24 No.3

Ethanol prolongs the G_1 to S phase transition, in part, by upregulating the expression of p21^(WAF1/CIP1)in RKO cells, a human colorectal carcinoma cell line (Guo et al., 1997). These RKO cells undergo apoptosis when exposed to prostaglandin A_2 (PGA_2), but are protected by ectotypical overexpression of p21^WAF1/CIP1(Gorospe et al., 1996). Therefore, we examined the effect of ethanol on PGA_2-induced apoptosis which follows DNA fragmentation, an accumulation of cellular p53 and G_2/M arrest. Ethanol alone enhanced the cellular levels of p21^WAF1/CIP1 and p27, and decreased Cdk2 activity and the levels of cyclins A and B proteins, resulting in prolongation of the G_1 to S transition. When non-synchronized exponentially proliferating cells were pretreated with ethanol for eight hours to establish etanols maximum effect and subsequently exposed to both PGA_2 and ethanol, the cells stopped proliferation, but apoptosis did not occur. The cellular p53 level was not altered, Cdk2 activity was suppressed, the levels of p21^WAF1/CIP1 and p27 proteins were enhanced, and the levels of cyclins A, B and D were greatly decreased. Therefore, it apperars that ethanol prevents PGA_2-induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, but does not prevent PGA_2-induced G_2/M arrest. In the presence of both ethanol and PGA_2, the cell cycle is almost completely arrested and the cells survive in a dormant state until PGA_2/ethanol-free medium is restored.

Modulatory Potential of LncRNA Zfas1 for Inflammation and Neuronal Apoptosis in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Chuan He,Caixia Su,Wentong Zhang,Qin Zhou,Xu Shen,Junjie Yang,Naixian Shi 연세대학교의과대학 2021 Yonsei medical journal Vol.62 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate whether lncRNA ZFAS1 is involved in neuronal apoptosis and inflammation in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Materials and Methods: Ninety-six TLE patients were recruited, and their peripheral venous blood was gathered to determine Zfas1 expression with polymerase chain reaction. Neurons were separated from hippocampal tissue of newborn SD rats, and siZfas1 or pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 was transfected into the neurons. Inflammatory cytokines released by neurons were determined, and neuronal activities were evaluated through MTT assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. Results: Serum levels of Zfas1 were higher in TLE patients than in healthy controls (p<0.05). Furthermore, Zfas1 expression in neurons was raised by pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 and declined after silencing of Zfas1 (p<0.05). Transfection of pcDNA-Zfas1 weakened the viability and proliferation of neurons and increased neuronal apoptosis (p<0.05). Meanwhile, pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 transfection promoted lipopolysaccharide-induced release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p<0.05), and boosted NF-κB activation by elevating the expression of NF-κB p65, pIκBα, and IKKβ in neurons (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that lncRNA ZFAS1 exacerbates epilepsy development by promoting neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, implying ZFAS1 as a promising treatment target for epilepsy.

Partial Repression of Telomerase Activity Is Associated with an Induction of p21^WAF1/CIP1 during Chemically Induced Differentiation of a Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line

Kang, Mo K.,Guo, Wentong,Park, No-Hee Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1997 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.22 No.4

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex containing reverse transcriptase motifs, which catalyze the synthesis of telomere repeats in eukaryotic chromosomes. Its activity is present in more than 80% of primary tumor and some proliferating normal somatic cells. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between telomerase activity and p21^(WAF1/CIP1), a universal CDK inhibitor that is intimately associated with cell differentiation, in oral cancer cell lines that were chemically induced to differentiate. Cultures of SCC4 and Hep-2 cells were maintained in the presence of all-trans retinoic acid (R4) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for seven days, and telomerase activity and intracellular p21^(WAF1/CIP1) level were determined by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay and Western blot analysis, respectively. After the treatment with DMSO, the proliferation of SCC4 was significantly inhibited, but unlike in SCC4 cells neither DMSO nor RA successfully induced differentiation in Hep-2. Telomerase activity in DMSO-treated SCC4 culture was notably reduced compared to the control. Further, the intracellular level of p21^(WAF1/CIP1) in these cells was significantly elevated compared to that of proliferating SCC4 cells. The above results provide evidence that partial repression of telomerase activity in chemically differentiated SCC4 cells is associated with the induction of p21^(WAF1/CIP1), and implicate the reciprocal relationship between telomerase activity and p21^(WAF1/CIP1) in differentiating squamous cancer cells of human oral epithelium.

Chemical Carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene Does not Increase Hamster Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hamTERT) Promoter Activity

Lee, Yong-Moo,Guo, Wentong,Park, No-Hee Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1999 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.24 No.4

Increase in telomerase activity is positively associated with cellular proliferation, tumorigenesis and the maintenance of malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. Telomerase activity is, in general, increased by the overexpression of the protein component of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Topical application of 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) to hamster cheek pouch epithelium induces the formation of tumors and significantly increases the telomerase activity in the hamster cheek pouch epithelial cells. To investigate whether DMBA-enhanced telomerase activity is due to overexpression of the hamster TERT (hamTERT) gene, we determined the effect of DMBA on the expression of a reporter gene driven by the hamTERT in these cell lines. These data suggest that DMBA-induced activation of telomerase may not be due to the upregulation of the hamTERT gene.

A novel reliability evaluation method on censored data

Anwei Shen,Jilian Guo,Zhuojian Wang,Wentong Jia 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.3

The effect of censored data on the average life of products was analyzed, and the relationships between the censored data and the reliability evaluation results were also given. A series of regression analysis function relationship was built to simplify the method of reliability evaluation on censored data. At a first step, a numerical simulation method was designed to create the random right censored data. Then the Bayesian and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was adopted to evaluate the reliability. Then we got the calculation deviation of Bayesian method under different sample sizes, different censored rates and different means of censored data. The relationships between the censored rates, the means of censored distribution and the reliability evaluation result were analyzed. Finally, we proposed the complete novel method through regression analysis. The corroboration of these relationships and the application to real life data demonstrate the advantages of the proposed methods.