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Optimization of acridine orange loading on 1:1 layered clay minerals for fluorescence enhancement
Wei-Teh Jiang,Yolin Tsai,Xisen Wang,Zhaohui Li 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.90 No.-
As a cationic fluorescence dye acridine orange (AO) is commonly used in biology and biochemistry for DNA analyses. In this study the light absorption and fluorescence of AO after being sorbed on kaolinite (Kao) and halloysite (Hal) were investigated. In dilute systems with initial AO concentrations of 1 × 106 to 1 ×104 M (0.3–25mmol/g loadings on Kao), both light absorption and fluorescence emission increased as the initial AO concentrations, thus, the amounts of AO sorbed increased. In contrast, the light absorption and fluorescence emission reached maxima at 1 × 105 M (3mmol/g) for Hal. In concentrated systems with initial AO concentrations of 5 × 104 –5 ×103 M (22–57 and 50–126mmol/g AO sorption on Kao and Hal), significant fluorescence quenching was observed and the fluorescence intensity decreased as the initial AO concentrations, thus, the amounts of AO sorbed increased. The results suggested that to achieve maximal fluorescence emission, monomeric AO configuration on the solid surface is a necessity. The AO sorption was mostly attributed to cation exchange between protonated AO and exchangeable cations on Kao and Hal surfaces. As such, both cation exchange capacity and specific surface area of the minerals control the maximal fluorescence emission.
Climatic Factors Suppressing Tropical Cyclone Activity around Taiwan during October
Wei‑Teh Li,Jau‑Ming Chen,Ruo‑Shan Tseng 한국기상학회 2023 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.59 No.4
During Octobers of 1970–2019, no tropical cyclones (TCs) affected Taiwan in 32 out of 50 years (64%). Suppressed TCactivity in these years results from different modulating processes imposed by various climatic features. During Octobersof El Niño years, TC genesis in the western North Pacific (WNP) shifts eastward and decreases in the western WNP to thesoutheast of Taiwan. An anomalous anticyclone across the South China Sea (SCS) and Taiwan hinders TC movement towardTaiwan. In La Niña years, TC genesis increases in the region southeast of Taiwan. These TCs are guided by an anomalouscyclone centering in the SCS to have major TC tracks to the southwest of Taiwan toward the SCS. A year with a September–November value on the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) of between 0°-0.5 °C (-0.5°-0 °C) is categorized as a positive (negative)Normal year. During the positive Normal years, an anomalous cyclone over the WNP enhances TC genesis in its southernsection and guides these TCs northward along the regions east of Taiwan. An anomalous anticyclone across the SCS andTaiwan hinders TC movement toward Taiwan. During the negative Normal years, a westward elongation of warm sea surfacetemperature anomalies from the WNP into the eastern Indian Ocean forces an anomalous anticyclone to extend westwardfrom the WNP toward the SCS. TC genesis to the south of this anomalous anticyclone decreases and is accompanied byreduced TC movement toward Taiwan.
Wei-Teh Li,Jau-Ming Chen,Ruo-Shan Tseng,Tzu-Ling Lai 한국기상학회 2022 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.58 No.1
September 2016 harbored record-breaking three tropical cyclones (TCs) affecting Taiwan within a month. Multiple modulating processes governing these three TC events and associated rainfall and intensification features are examined. September 2016 fell in a La Niña phase. For interannual variability, major warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in September 2016 shifted eastward toward the tropical western North Pacific (WNP) compared to the Maritime Continent during other La Niña events. These SST anomalies induced strong convergence and convection anomalies facilitating TC formation. The TCs formed in the joint region between a northern anticyclonic anomaly over the northern WNP and a southern cyclonic anomaly extending from the tropical WNP toward Taiwan. They were steered by anomalous easterly/southeasterly flows northwestward toward an anomalous cyclonic center overlying Taiwan, leading to intensive TC activity affecting Taiwan. For intraseasonal variability, the three TCs of September 2016 were steered by anomalous easterly/southeasterly flows in the southern section of a 30–60-day anomalous anticyclone over the subtropical WNP northwestward toward a 30–60-day anomalous cyclone that lay over Taiwan. During these events, local rainfall in Taiwan was mainly affected by moisture convergence due to 3–10-day transient anomalies, rather than intraseasonal anomalies. For TC intensification processes, faster intensification was assisted by decreases in vertical wind shear and increases in upward motion, moisture convergence, upper-level divergence, and SST. Intensification processes were mainly affected by transient anomalies. Overall, interannual and intraseasonal anomalies modulated TC genesis and movement, while transient anomalies influenced local rainfall and intensification processes.
The Evidence-Oriented Crime Control Policy : An Analysis of Police Data and Public Opinion in Taiwan
Huang Tsui-Wen,Mon Wei-Teh 아시아경찰학회 2004 Asia Pacific Journal of Police & Criminal Justice Vol.2 No.1
Good social order is an important condition for human living. People are happy to live in the circumstances of no or less fear of crime victimization. The purpose of this study is to explore an evidence-oriented and feasible crime control policy for local government and citizens. The research setting for this study is located in Taipei county, the largest county both in terms of overall population and population density ( 3.51 million, population density 1,711 per square kilometer ) in Taiwan. Furthermore, Taipei county covers approximately 2,052 square kilometers and can be divided into urbanized, rural, coastal and mountainous areas. In general, Taipei county can represent the typical features of Taiwan’s geography.<BR> In order to achieve the purpose of this research, data were collected through qualitative and quantitative approaches. There are four major sources of data on crimes of Taipei county-the ten-year statistics on crimes collected from the Taipei County Police Department(TCPD), focus group interviews(to investigate and comprehend the police officers’ recognition and viewpoint of the content of the public need for social order and suitable crime control policy), analysis of the 109,351 citizen calls to which the police officers of TCPD were dispatched from year 1999 to 2000, and public opinion survey(including 3,026 respondents in the sample).<BR> According to the analysis of empirical data collected in this research, the crime control policy was yielded as the following items:<BR> 1.Increasing police patrol density.<BR> 2.Imposing stronger control on hot spots of crime.<BR> 3.More law enforcement on traffic violation.<BR> 4.Improving police service quality.<BR> 5.Implementing community policing.<BR> 6.Strengthening the function of community and apartment managing committee.<BR> 7.Increasing the police forces.<BR> 8.Innovating the police training and education program.
Impact of Smoking on Nutrition and the Food Poverty Level in Tanzania
Asmerom KIDANE,John MDUMA,Alexis NAHO,Teh Wei HU 연세대학교 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2015 Journal of Poverty Alleviation and International D Vol.6 No.1
This study considers the effect of household cigarette expenditure on food poverty indicators in Tanzania. We first compare expenditure patterns as well as the household size of non-smokers and smokers. We find that the majority of non-smokers and smokers have low incomes, and that the mean total per capita expenditure (proxy for income) of non-smokers is slightly higher than those of smokers. On the other hand, the mean household size of non-smokers was smaller compared to that of smokers suggesting that smokers should have spent more on food. Next, we estimate and compare daily calorie intake between both groups. Almost 19 percent of non-smokers were found to be below the poverty line. The corresponding value for smokers was almost 24 percent. Estimates from a multiple linear regression on the determinants of per capita daily calorie intake reveal that per capita cigarette consumption appears to negatively affect daily calorie intake significantly. Given that the majority of all respondents belong to a low income group, this suggests that expenditure on cigarettes may be at the expense of calorie intake.
Medication non-adherence in inflammatory bowel diseases is associated with disability
( Jonathan Perry ),( Andy Chen ),( Viraj Kariyawasam ),( Glen Collins ),( Chee Choong ),( Wei Ling Teh ),( Nikola Mitrev ),( Friedbert Kohler ),( Rupert Wing Loong Leong ) 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4
Background/Aims: Medication non-adherence is common in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The short-term consequences of non-adherence include increased disease relapse but the long-term impact upon patients in terms of daily functional impairment are less well characterized. Identifying negative outcomes, such as disability, may encourage adherence. Methods: Consecutive ambulatory IBD subjects completed the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS; non-adherence defined as ≤16), Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Disability Index (IBD-DI; disability: <3.5) and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (high necessity/concerns: ≥16). The primary outcome was the association between medication non-adherence and disability. Secondary outcomes were the predictors of these outcomes. Results: A total of 173 subjects on IBD maintenance medications were recruited (98 Crohn’s disease, 75 ulcerative colitis: median IBD-DI, -5.0; interquartile range [IQR], -14.0 to 4.0 and median MARS, 19.0; IQR, 18 to 20) of whom 24% were non-adherent. Disability correlated significantly with medication non-adherence (r=0.38, P<0.0001). Median IBD-DI for non-adherers was significantly lower than adherers (-16.0 vs. -2.0, P<0.0001). Predictors of disability included female sex (P=0.002), previous hospitalization (P=0.023), management in a referral hospital clinic (P=0.008) and medication concerns (P<0.0001). Non-adherence was independently associated with difficulty managing bowel movements (odds ratio [OR], 3.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50-9.16, P=0.005), rectal bleeding (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.14-6.36; P=0.024) and arthralgia/arthritis (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.11-5.92; P=0.028). Conclusions: Medication non-adherence was associated with significantly increased disability in IBD. Female gender, higher disease severity and medication concerns were additional predictors of disability. (Intest Res 2018;16:571-578)
Jian-Shian Lin,Ming-Hua Chung,Chen-Ming Chen,Fuh-Shyang Juang,Yu-Sheng Tsai,Shu-Wei Chang,Shun-Hsi Wang,Teh-Chao Liao,Lung-Chang Liu 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.5
UV-curable organic/inorganic hybrid composites with gas barrier and heat-dissipating capability have been successfully fast synthesized with microwave irradiation and utilized for the encapsulation of top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs). Experimental results manifest that lab-made organic/inorganic hybrid composites can effectively not only obstruct the invasion of moisture as well as oxygen in the atmosphere into the device but also lower the temperature of device. Therefore, the lifetimes of TEOLEDs with their encapsulation are 2.2 folds longer than those without encapsulation.