The Relevance of Therapeutic Experiences with Praziquantel in African Schistodomiasis for Community Health Projects in Southeast Asia

Wegner, Dietrich H.G. INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1982 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.13 No.1

東南亞 諸地域에 分布하고 있는 住血吸蟲類는 Schistosoma japonicum이며 이들의 驅除는 近年에 이르기까지 매우 어려운 狀態에 있었고, 韓國에 있어서도 例外아니게 肝吸蟲 및 肺吸蟲等 여러 吸蟲類에 依해 큰 損失을 입고 있다. 여기에 새로히 開發된 Biltricide(praziquantel)가 上記 寄生蟲들에 對해 著效하며 매우 安定性이 높아 希望的인 將來를 期約하고 있어 實驗成績을 通하여 이를 紹介하는 바다. 特히 亞細亞 諸國, Africa 및 南美等地의 여러나라에서 本製劑에 對한 臨床試驗으로 卓越한 效能이 確認되었으며 安定性이 保障되었다. 副作用도 胃腸症勢, 中樞神經障碍 및 allergy反應等 其他症勢等으로 나타나나 極少하며 輕하고 一過性이어서 別다른 加療가 必要없고, 投與後 呼訴하는 症勢들의 大部分은 投藥以前에 이미 가지고 있었던 것으로 나타났다.

Gene deletion and constitutive expression of the pectate lyase gene 1 (MoPL1) lead to diminished virulence of Magnaporthe oryzae

Wegner Alex,Casanova Florencia,Loehrer Marco,Jordine Angelina,Bohnert Stefan,Liu Xinyu,Zhang Zhengguang,Schaffrath Ulrich 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.1

Phytopathogenic fungi are known to secrete specific proteins which act as virulence factors and promote host colonization. Some of them are enzymes with plant cell wall degradation capability, like pectate lyases (Pls). In this work, we examined the involvement of Pls in the infection process of Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease. From three Plgenes annotated in the M. oryzae genome, only transcripts of MoPL1 considerably accumulated during the infection process with a peak at 72 h post inoculation. Both, gene deletion and a constitutive expression of MoPL1 in M. oryzae led to a significant reduction in virulence. By contrast, mutants that constitutively expressed an enzymatic inactive version of MoPl1 did not differ in virulence compared to the wild type isolate. This indicates that the enzymatic activity of MoPl1 is responsible for diminished virulence, which is presumably due to degradation products recognized as danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which strengthen the plant immune response. Microscopic analysis of infection sites pointed to an increased plant defense response. Additionally, MoPl1 tagged with mRFP, and not the enzymatic inactive version, focally accumulated in attacked plant cells beneath appressoria and at sites where fungal hyphae transverse from one to another cell. These findings shed new light on the role of pectate lyases during tissue colonization in the necrotrophic stage of M. oryzae's life cycle.

Trends in intensity-modulated radiation therapy use for rectal cancer in the neoadjuvant setting: a National Cancer Database analysis

Wegner, Rodney E.,Abel, Stephen,White, Richard J.,Horne, Zachary D.,Hasan, Shaakir,Kirichenko, Alexander V. The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.4

Purpose: Traditionally, three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) is used for neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was later developed for more conformal dose distribution, with the potential for reduced toxicity across many disease sites. We sought to use the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to examine trends and predictors for IMRT use in rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: We queried the NCDB from 2004 to 2015 for patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation to standard doses followed by surgical resection. Odds ratios were used to determine predictors of IMRT use. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions were used to determine potential predictors of overall survival (OS). Propensity matching was used to account for any indication bias. Results: Among 21,490 eligible patients, 3,131 were treated with IMRT. IMRT use increased from 1% in 2004 to 22% in 2014. Predictors for IMRT use included increased N stage, higher comorbidity score, more recent year, treatment at an academic facility, increased income, and higher educational level. On propensity-adjusted, multivariable analysis, male gender, increased distance to facility, higher comorbidity score, IMRT technique, government insurance, African-American race, and non-metro location were predictive of worse OS. Of note, the complete response rate at time of surgery was 28% with non-IMRT and 21% with IMRT. Conclusion: IMRT use has steadily increased in the treatment of rectal cancer, but still remains only a fraction of overall treatment technique, more often reserved for higher disease burden.

National trends in radiation dose escalation for glioblastoma

Wegner, Rodney E.,Abel, Stephen,Horne, Zachary D.,Hasan, Shaakir,Verma, Vivek,Ranjan, Tulika,Williamson, Richard W.,Karlovits, Stephen M. The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2019 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.37 No.1

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) carries a high propensity for in-field failure despite trimodality management. Past studies have failed to show outcome improvements with dose-escalation. Herein, we examined trends and outcomes associated with dose-escalation for GBM. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for GBM patients who underwent surgical resection and external-beam radiation with chemotherapy. Patients were excluded if doses were less than 59.4 Gy; dose-escalation referred to doses ≥66 Gy. Odds ratios identified predictors of dose-escalation. Univariable and multivariable Cox regressions determined potential predictors of overall survival (OS). Propensity-adjusted multivariable analysis better accounted for indication biases. Results: Of 33,991 patients, 1,223 patients received dose-escalation. Median dose in the escalation group was 70 Gy (range, 66 to 89.4 Gy). The use of dose-escalation decreased from 8% in 2004 to 2% in 2014. Predictors of escalated dose were African American race, lower comorbidity score, treatment at community centers, decreased income, and more remote treatment year. Median OS was 16.2 months and 15.8 months for the standard and dose-escalated cohorts, respectively (p = 0.35). On multivariable analysis, age >60 years, higher comorbidity score, treatment at community centers, decreased education, lower income, government insurance, Caucasian race, male gender, and more remote year of treatment predicted for worse OS. On propensity-adjusted multivariable analysis, age >60 years, distance from center >12 miles, decreased education, government insurance, and male gender predicted for worse outcome. Conclusion: Dose-escalated radiotherapy for GBM has decreased over time across the United States, in concordance with guidelines and the available evidence. Similarly, this large study did not discern survival improvements with dose-escalation.

Polymers and Inorganics: A Happy Marriage?

Wegner Gerhard,Demir Mustafa M.,Faatz Michael,Gorna Katazyrna,Munoz-Espi Rafael,Guillemet Baptiste,Grohn Franziska The Polymer Society of Korea 2007 Macromolecular Research Vol.15 No.2

The most recent developments in two areas: (a) synthesis of inorganic particles with control over size and shape by polymer additives, and (b) synthesis of inorganic-polymer hybrid materials by bulk polymerization of blends of monomers with nanosized crystals are reviewed. The precipitations of inorganics, such as zinc oxide or calcium carbonate, in presence and under the control of bishydrophilic block or comb copolymers, are relevant to the field of Biomineralization. The application of surface modified latex particles, used as controlling agents, and the formation of hybrid crystals in which the latex is embedded in otherwise perfect crystals, are discussed. The formation of nano sized spheres of amorphous calcium carbonate, stabilized by surfactant-like polymers, is also discussed. Another method for the preparation of nanosized inorganic functional particles is the controlled pyrolysis of metal salt complexes of poly(acrylic acid), as demonstrated by the syntheses of lithium cobalt oxide and zinc/magnesium oxide. Bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate blends, with for example, nanosized zinc oxide, revealed that the mechanisms of tree radical polymerization respond to the presence of these particles. The termination by radical-radical interaction and the gel effect are suppressed in favor of degenerative transfer, resulting in a polymer with enhanced thermal stability. The optical properties of the resulting polymer-particle blends are addressed based on the basic discussion of the miscibility of polymers and nanosized particles.

Polymers and Nanosized Particles: A Happy Marriage?

Gerhard Wegner 한국고분자학회 2006 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2006 No.10

Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research

Gerhard Wegner 한국고분자학회 2006 고분자 과학과 기술 Vol.17 No.5

유로화의 출발과 세계경제

( Manfred Wegner ) 아시아.유럽미래학회 2004 유라시아연구 Vol.1 No.1

마스트리히트조약에 의한 유럽경제통화통합은 역내국가간의 자본 및 노동이동의 자유화, 상품 및 서비스시장의 통합화를 중심으로 한 경제통합과 유럽중앙은행의 창설, 유럽단일통화의 창출등을 골자로 하는 유럽의 통화통합으로 구성되었다. 유럽경제통화통합이 1999년 1월 1일을 기해 공식출범함으로써 오랜 기간동안 추구해 온 유럽연합이 결성되었다. 더욱이 유럽경제통화통합의 결성목적이 지역간 자유무역협정과는 달리 경제 및 통화통합에 있으므로 이의 출범은 세계최대의 단일 경제권 형성을 의미한다. 따라서 유럽경제통화통합은 국제금융시장을 비롯한 세계경제에 적지 않은 영향을 미칠 것이다. 또한 유럽경제통화통합에 참가한 참가국간에는 환율 및 물가안정에 교역 및 투자증대, 지역간 불균형완화, 규모의 경제실현, 외환보유액축소, 환지대비용절감 및 금융시스템의 효율성증대, 유로화의 기축통화로의 부상등이 가시적 성과로 나타날 것이다. 이로 인해 우리나라를 비롯하여 미국, 일본 등 아시아 국가들에게는 유리한 경제적 효과보다는 부정적 효과가 더욱 클 것이라는 전망이다.

RECENT PROGRESS IN THE SYNTHESIS AND CONSTRUCTION OF SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURES OF POLYMERS FOR ELECTRONIC AND IONIC CONDUCTIVITY AND OPTICAL APPLICATIONS

Gerhard Wegner 한국고분자학회 1990 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.1990 No.4

Polymers and Inorganics

Gerhard Wegner,Mustafa M. Demir,Michael Faatz,Katazyrna Gorna,Rafael Munoz Espi,Baptiste Guillemet,Franziska Grohn 한국고분자학회 2007 Macromolecular Research Vol.15 No.2