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New Global Governance for Agriculture, Climate Change, Sustainability, and Food Security
( Wanki Moon ),( Won W. Koo ),( Chang Gil Kim ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2011 농촌경제 Vol.34 No.2
This article questions whether the WTO regime is the most appropriate institution for governing the global agriculture and trade in the wake of the problems that our world faces today. Specifically, climate change, potentially unsustainable agricultural practices, food insecurity in less developed countries (LDC), and expected imbalance in the global food demand and supply by 2050 are emerging as major challenges to humanity and the WTO while it is still struggling to resolve issues (related to agricultural protectionism that arises from the special facets of agriculture) of the 20th century while completely acking the capacity to tackle such new global issues of the 21th century. Given this outmoded institution, the primary objective of this article is to propose that a new structure of governance is needed so s to exclusively and effectively deal with problems arising from the interactions of the problems related to climate change, agricultural sustainability, food security, and trade. Four broad rationales are offered in this article that support the creation of a new system of governance for the global agriculture: (i) inability of the WTO in resolving agricultural protectionism of the 20th century; (ii) potential adverse effects of liberalized agricultural trade on the environment (climate change and sustainability of food production) and hunger/poverty in LDCs; (iii) global public good properties associated with the problems of climate change, sustainability, and food security and consequent need for collective action (transnational cooperation) at the global level, and (iv) the need to address the interactions among climate change, sustainability, and food security holistically in a concerted manner. We suggest the World Agriculture Organization (WAO) as a possible form of global institution that will play a central role in the new system of governance for the global agriculture.
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( Wanki Park ),( Chan-hong Ahn ),( Hyunjoo Cho ),( Chang-kwon Kim ),( Jongheon Shin ),( Ki-bong Oh ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.8
Seven flavonoids were isolated from Spatholobus suberectus via repetitive column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with values reported in the literature. Among the flavonoids tested, 7-hydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone (1) and formononetin (4) exhibited strong inhibitory activity against Streptococcus mutans SrtA, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 46.1 and 41.8 μM, respectively, but did not affect cell viability. The onset and magnitude of inhibition of saliva-induced aggregation in S. mutans treated with compounds 1 and 4 were comparable to the behavior of a srtA-deletion mutant without treatment.
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GLOBAL FOOD INSECURITY AND THE UNEQUAL PLAYING FIELD IN WORLD AGRICULTURE
( Wanki Moon ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2017 농촌경제 Vol.40 No.1
Global food insecurity is a challenge of grave importance that our humanity confronts still in the era of globalization in the 21st century. The article critically assesses the role of agricultural trade in coping with the challenge. In particular, it highlights how the lack of a level playing field in agricultural trade poses an obstacle in promoting global food security. Referring to institutions and rules governing international trade, the playing field in agricultural trade has grown unequal and biased against the agriculture of developing countries during the postwar period due to agricultural protection (tax) in developed (developing) countries and the current WTO trade rules. Full liberalization of agricultural trade may or may not repair the uneven playing field, hence it is not certain whether it would be effective in ameliorating the global food insecurity problem and in boosting agricultural growth in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, which represent the two regions most vulnerable to food insecurity. However, agricultural trade liberalization is not expected in the future for political and other reasons. The article contends then that the next best strategy is to mend the uneven playing field by instituting a mechanism like the Development/Food Security Box which is comparable to the Green Box for the agriculture of developed countries.
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Wanki Kim 한국유통과학회 2013 한국유통과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.-
Purpose – Acceleration of convergence between industries in this era of global competition has imparted marked influence on dealing, distribution and relevant laws of technological assets, thereby enticing great deal of academic and commercial interest on technology dealing. While the traditional distribution structure of commodity had taken unidirectional distribution format of consumers purchasing manufactured commodity from the manufacturers, technological sales of technological assets take the form of bidirectional distribution transaction. Recently, the need to enhance the success rate of commercialization of technology through technology transfer for the results of R&D at national level is being emphasized. However, the technology transfer rate through public research institutes remains at about 23% of the R&D investment, thereby increasing the concerns on the efficiencies of national R&D investments. The main goal of technology transfer is to elevate the technology competitiveness of the nation by commercializing the technological assets that public research institutions have through transfer to enterprises or in Spin-off format. However, the discrepancies in the cognition of the technology being traded between the seller and buyer of the technology at the time of trade negotiation for the sales of technology are making the conclusion of trade negotiation for technology transfer. This Study aims to promote technology transfer commercialization and ultimately make contribution towards enhancement of the success rate of commercialization of technology transfer at national level by deducing the factors that impart influence on the negotiation at the time of technology dealing between the seller and buyer of technology of public research institutions subjected to transfer and sales. Research design, data and methodology – This Study deduced 5 research hypotheses through preceding researches related to technology transfer commercialization-related t
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Wanki Kim,Ho-Mum Jeong,Myoung-Kil Youn 한국유통과학회 2013 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2013 No.-
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of convenience store (CVS) private brand (PB) product attributes and CVS image on customer repurchase intention and thereby to provide retailers with information that could influence their marketing strategy. There have not been enough studies on CVS PB products in South Korea. The subjects of this studywere 350 college students in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The authors performed aquestionnaire survey over three weeks, from May 1, 2012 to May 21, 2012, and gathered 301 survey responses. The findings were: Customers bought CVS PB products because of the price advantage involved. Differences in perceived quality, perceived risk, and store image influenced product satisfaction, and customers were satisfied with products that had low perceived risks. However, differences in perceived price had no influence on product satisfaction. Besides differences in perceived quality, store image also influenced satisfaction with a store and its services, whereas price and perceived risk had no such impact. PB products should be put through quality control systems to lessen quality differencesbetween products through monitoring and to develop better PB product quality and technology. This would allow CVSs to develop well-known brands and to differentiate themselves from their competitors, creating a greater level of CVS competitiveness.
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Assessing the Role of Health Concerns in Determining Meat Consumption Pattern in the U.S.
Wanki Moon 한국농업경제학회 2009 農業經濟硏究 Vol.50 No.3
This article reports empirical evidence concerning the effects of consumers’ health concerns on U.S. meat consumption pattern of five meat categories including beef, pork, chicken, turkey, and fish. Using NPD household diary data reporting bi-weekly consumption frequencies of the five meat categories, we used generalized Heckman’s model to take into account significant portion of zero servings and contemporaneous correlations across the five equations and estimate demand elasticities with respect to health concerns. Results show that red meat (beef and pork) consumption was neg-atively associated with health concerns, while white meat (chicken and turkey) and fish were linked to health concerns positively. Estimated elasticities were less than one for all five categories with turkey consumption (0.7355) being most responsive to health concerns, followed by fish (0.6048), pork (-0.5061), chicken (0.4420), and beef (-0.3081).
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Assessing the Role of Health Concerns in Determining Meat Consumption Pattern in the U.S.
( Wanki Moon ) 한국농업경제학회 2009 KOREAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS(KJAT) Vol.50 No.3
This article reports empirical evidence concerning the effects of consumers’ health concerns on U.S. meat consumption pattern of five meat categories including beef, pork, chicken, turkey, and fish. Using NPD household diary data reporting bi-weekly consumption frequencies of the five meat categories, we used generalized Heckman’s model to take into account significant portion of zero servings and contemporaneous correlations across the five equations and estimate demand elasticities with respect to health concerns. Results show that red meat (beef and pork) consumption was negatively associated with health concerns, while white meat (chicken and turkey) and fish were linked to health concerns positively. Estimated elasticities were less than one for all five categories with turkey consumption (0.7355) being most responsive to health concerns, followed by fish (0.6048), pork (-0.5061), chicken (0.4420), and beef (-0.3081).
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