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Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar,Christina Viegelmann,Anita Klaus,Sarina Abdul Halim Lim 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.1
Underutilized mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum BCCM 31549 has been a significant source of a glucan sulfate (GS) possessing therapeutic activities. GS have been evaluated for their antifungaldemelanizing properties and nitrite oxide production from stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. GS exhibited antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger A60 with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 60 mg/mL and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 100 mg/mL. At 60mg/mL (sublethal) and 30mg/mL (subinhibitory) doses of GS, the mycelium of A. niger A60 was successfully demelanized with a conidiophore head and black pigment reduction. Additionally, GS successfully stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells at a concentration of 500 μg/mL to produce 0.45 μM of nitric oxide. The GSstimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were morphologically similar to those treated with lipopolysaccharide. The results highlight a novel bifunctional property of mycelial GS from G. lucidum.
( Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan Mohtar ),( Louise Young ),( Grainne M. Abbott ),( Carol Clements ),( Linda M. Harvey ),( Brian Mcneil ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.6
Ganoderma lucidum BCCM 31549 has a long established role for its therapeutic activities. In this context, much interest has focused on the possible functions of the (1,3)-β-D-glucan (G) produced by these cultures in a stirred-tank bioreactor and extracted from their underutilized mycelium. In the existing study, we report on the systematic production of G, and its sulfated derivative (GS). The aim of this study was to investigate G and its GS from G. lucidum in terms of their antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity spectrum against human prostate cells (PN2TA) and human caucasian histiocytic lymphoma cells (U937). 1H NMR for both G and GS compounds showed β-glycosidic linkages and structural similarities when compared with two standards (laminarin and fucoidan). The existence of characteristic absorptions at 1,170 and 867 cm-1 in the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) for GS demonstrated the successful sulfation of G. Only GS exhibited antimicrobial activity against a varied range of test bacteria of relevance to foodstuffs and human health. Moreover, both G and GS did not show any cytotoxic effects on PN2TA cells, thus helping demonstrate the safety of these polymers. Moreover, GS showed 40% antiproliferation against cancerous U937 cells at the low concentration (60 μg/ ml) applied in this study compared with G (10%). Together, this demonstrates that sulfation clearly improved the solubility and therapeutic activities of G. The water-soluble GS demonstrates the potential multifunctional effects of these materials in foodstuffs.
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar,Safuan Ab Kadir,Sarina Abdul Halim Lim,Zul Ilham,Siti Hajar-Azhari,Nazamid Saari 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.6
In submerged-liquid fermentation, seven keyparameters were assessed using one-factor-at-a-time toobtain the highest GABA yield using an industrial soysauce koji Aspergillus oryzae strain NSK (AOSNSK). AOSNSK generated maximum GABA at 30 C (194 mg/L) and initial pH 5 (231 mg/L), thus was able to utilizesucrose (327 mg/L of GABA) for carbon source. Sucrose at100 g/L, improved GABA production at 646 mg/L. Singlenitrogen sources failed to improve GABA production,however a combination of yeast extract (YE) and glutamicacid (GA) improved GABA at 646.78 mg/L. Carbon-tonitrogenratio (C8:N3) produced the highest cell (24.01 g/L) and GABA at a minimal time of 216 h. The keyparameters of 30 C, initial pH 5, 100 g/L of sucrose,combination YE and GA, and C8:N3 generated the highestGABA (3278.31 mg/L) in a koji fermentation. AOSNSKpromisingly showed for the development of a new GABArichsoy sauce.
Siti Hajar-Azhari,Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar,Safuan Ab Kadir,Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim,Nazamid Saari 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
In this study, a selected c-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich Malaysian strain Aspergillus oryzae NSK was collected from soy sauce koji. The strain was used to explore the effect of using renewable native sugar syrup, sugarcane, nipa, and molasses as fermentable substrates for developing a novel functional GABA soy sauce. We evaluated the strain using the chosen native sugars for 7 days using shake flask fermentation at 30 C. The results showed optimum GABA concentration was achieved using cane molasses as the fermentable substrate (354.08 mg/L), followed by sugarcane syrup (320.7 mg/L) and nipa syrup (232.07 mg/L). Cane molasses was subsequently utilized as a substrate to determine the most suitable concentration for A. oryzae NSK to enhance GABA production and was determined as 50% g/L of glucose standard cane molasses. Our findings indicate that cane molasses can be used as a GABA-rich ingredient to develop a new starter culture for A. oryzae NSK soy sauce production.
Gishedaraankumar Krishnan,Safia Syazana Mohtar,Farhana Aziz,Juhana Jaafar,Norhaniza Yusof,Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh,Ahmad Fauzi Ismail 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.12
The CO2 gas separation performance of aminated reduced graphene oxide (A-rGO) incorporated PEBAX mixed matrix composite membranes, by means of amination heating time and A-rGO loading, is reported. The 5 h of heating time resulted in an essential molecular sieving property for CO2 separation, thus used in membrane fabrication. The selective PEBAX/A-rGO5 layers were fabricated on top of the polysulfone supporting layer by a dip-coating method. The A-rGO was well-dispersed, the selective and support layers were seamlessly attached. The CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity of the PEBAX/A-rGO5 was greater than that of pristine PEBAX. 3wt% of A-rGO5 loading resulted as the optimum since the gas selectivity decreased at higher loading. The PEBAX/A-rGO5 performance, which was slightly above the Robeson 2008 upper bound of permeability-selectivity relation for CO2/N2 gas separation, shows a promising application for industrial CO2 gas separation process.
Hajar-Azhari, Siti,Wan-Mohtar, Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad,Kadir, Safuan Ab,Rahim, Muhamad Hafiz Abd,Saari, Nazamid 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
In this study, a selected c-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich Malaysian strain Aspergillus oryzae NSK was collected from soy sauce koji. The strain was used to explore the effect of using renewable native sugar syrup, sugarcane, nipa, and molasses as fermentable substrates for developing a novel functional GABA soy sauce. We evaluated the strain using the chosen native sugars for 7 days using shake flask fermentation at $30^{\circ}C$. The results showed optimum GABA concentration was achieved using cane molasses as the fermentable substrate (354.08 mg/L), followed by sugarcane syrup (320.7 mg/L) and nipa syrup (232.07 mg/L). Cane molasses was subsequently utilized as a substrate to determine the most suitable concentration for A. oryzae NSK to enhance GABA production and was determined as 50% g/L of glucose standard cane molasses. Our findings indicate that cane molasses can be used as a GABA-rich ingredient to develop a new starter culture for A. oryzae NSK soy sauce production.
Ibrahiem Abdul Razak Al-Ani,Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar,Noor Ezlin Ahmad Basri,Lariyah Mohd Sidek 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.7
Construction activities combined with heavy rainfall can results in severe soil loss which eventually will be deposited into the adjacent water bodies via stormwater. The Best Management Practices (BMPs) adopted to minimise the erosion and sedimentation during construction activities are usually determined by standard guidelines and expert engineers. However, when the expertise and data are limited, knowledge-based systems have been proved as an effective alternative in making decision. A new algorithm of hybrid knowledge-based expert system and Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) was developed to minimise erosion and sedimentation due to stormwater in Malaysian construction sites. In this Eco-Friendly Erosion and Sediment Control (ECO-ESC) system, decision tables were developed based on the knowledge acquired from the domain experts specialised in erosion and sedimentation control and guidelines. The MCA was used to identify the best stormwater control measures based on the specific criteria and criterion’s weight. The ECO-ESC was validated in three stages: preliminary by the experts, field and statistical validations. Results of comparison have shown high correlation for recommended BMPs, sediment yield, and the water quality monitoring and proved that the ECO-ESC performs as good as the human expert in solving different problems related to the erosion and sediment control.
Peyman Abdeshahian,Noraini Samat,Aidil Abdul Hamid,Wan Mohtar Wan Yusoff 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.2
Palm kernel cake (PKC), is an agro-industrial residue created in the palm oil industry, and large quantities of PKC are produced in Malaysia. Sustainable development of the palm oil industry in Malaysia demands an economical technology for the environmentally friendly utilization of PKC in industrial utility systems. This research was carried out to evaluate the use of PKC in the production of cellulase by the cultivation of Aspergillus niger FTCC 5003 in a laboratory packed-bed bioreactor for seven days. A central composite design was used to perform eighteen trials of solid substrate fermentation under selected conditions of incubation temperature, initial moisture content of substrate, and airflow rate. Experimental results showed that a cellulase yield of 244.53 U/g of dry PKC was obtained when 100 g of PKC was hydrolyzed at an incubation temperature of 32.5℃, an initial moisture level of 60%, and an aeration rate of 1.5 L/min/g PKC. An empirical second-order polynomial model was adjusted to the experimental data to evaluate the effects of the studied operating variables on cellulase production. The statistical model revealed that the quadratic term for initial moisture content had a significant effect on the production of cellulase (P < 0.01). The regression model also indicated that the quadratic terms for incubation temperature and interaction effects between initial moisture content and aeration rate significantly influenced cellulase production (P < 0.05). The empirical model determined that the optimum conditions for cellulase production were an incubation temperature of 31.0℃, an initial moisture content of 59.0% and an airflow rate of 1.55 L/min/g PKC.