The Influence of Cigarette Smoke on the Epithelium of the Vestibule: an Electron Microscopic Study

Mukaddes E?refo?lu,Erol Selimo?lu,Muammer E?refo?lu,?zgen Vuraler 연세대학교의과대학 2003 Yonsei medical journal Vol.44 No.4

It is known that cigarette smoke induces cytological alterations on the respiratory and olfactory mucosa of the nasal cavity. We evaluated whether cigarette smoking had adverse effects on the epithelium of the vestibule, in the absence of any published ultrasutructural studies. We evaluated ten patients suffering from septum deviation, eight of whom were long-term smokers. While each layer of the epithelium obtained from the non-smokers consisted of a homogeneous cell population, each from the long-term smokers consisted of a heterogeneous cell population. The most prominent changes occurred in the shape and size of the cells and nuclei, the number and length of the cytoplasmic projections, the number and distribution pattern of the desmosomes, and the width of the intercellular spaces. We concluded that cigarette smoke produces hyperplastic and dysplastic changes, important factors related with cancer development, on the epithelium of the vestibule.

Comparison of two different methods of detecting residual caries

Vural, Uzay Koc,Kutuk, Zeynep Bilge,Ergin, Esra,Cakir, Filiz Yalcin,Gurgan, Sevil The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of the fluorescence-aided caries excavation (FACE) device to detect residual caries by comparing conventional methods in vivo. Materials and Methods: A total of 301 females and 202 males with carious teeth participated in this study. The cavity preparations were done by grade 4 (Group 1, 154 teeth), grade 5 (Group 2, 176 teeth), and postgraduate (Group 3, 173 teeth) students. After caries excavation using a handpiece and hand instruments, the presence of residual caries was evaluated by 2 investigators who were previously calibrated for visual-tactile assessment with and without magnifying glasses and trained in the use of a FACE device. The tooth number, cavity type, and presence or absence of residual caries were recorded. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, the Fisher's Exact test, or the McNemar test as appropriate. Kappa statistics was used for calibration. In all tests, the level of significance was set at p = 0.05. Results: Almost half of the cavities prepared were Class II (Class I, 20.9%; Class II, 48.9%; Class III, 20.1%; Class IV, 3.4%; Class V, 6.8%). Higher numbers of cavities left with caries were observed in Groups 1 and 2 than in Group 3 for all examination methods. Significant differences were found between visual inspection with or without magnifying glasses and inspection with a FACE device for all groups (p < 0.001). More residual caries were detected through inspection with a FACE device (46.5%) than through either visual inspection (31.8%) or inspection with a magnifying glass (37.6%). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the FACE device may be an effective method for the detection of residual caries.

Hybrid Fuzzy PI-Control Scheme for Quasi Multi-Pulse Interline Power Flow Controllers Including the P-Q Decoupling Feature

Vural, Ahmet Mete,Bayindir, Kamil Cagatay The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.5

Real and reactive power flows on a transmission line interact inherently. This situation degrades power flow controller performance when independent real and reactive power flow regulation is required. In this study, a quasi multi-pulse interline power flow controller (IPFC), consisting of eight six-pulse voltage source converters (VSC) switched at the fundamental frequency is proposed to control real and reactive power flows dynamically on a transmission line in response to a sequence of set-point changes formed by unit-step reference values. It is shown that the proposed hybrid fuzzy-PI commanded IPFC shows better decoupling performance than the parameter optimized PI controllers with analytically calculated feed-forward gains for decoupling. Comparative simulation studies are carried out on a 4-machine 4-bus test power system through a number of case studies. While only the fuzzy inference of the proposed control scheme has been modeled in MATLAB, the power system, converter power circuit, control and calculation blocks have been simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC by interfacing these two packages on-line.

Transient stability improvement using quasi-multi pulse BTB-STATCOM

Vural, Ahmel M.,Bayindi, Kamil C. Techno-Press 2014 Advances in energy research Vol.2 No.1

Back-to-back STATCOM configuration is an extension of STATCOM in which the reactive power at two-sides and the real power flow through the DC link can be controlled concurrently and independently. This flexible operation brings many advantages to the micro-grids, distributed generation based systems, and deregulated power systems. In this paper, the dynamic control characteristics of the back-to-back STATCOM is investigated by simulating the detailed converter-level model of the converters in PSCAD. Various case studies in a single-machine test system are studied to present that the real power control feature of the BtB-STATCOM, even with a simple controller design, can enhance the transient stability of the machine under different fault scenarios.

Color stability of bulk-fill and incremental-fill resin-based composites polished with aluminum-oxide impregnated disks

Koc-Vural, Uzay,Baltacioglu, Ismail,Altinci, Pinar The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill and nanohybrid resin-based composites polished with 3 different, multistep, aluminum-oxide impregnated finishing and polishing disks. Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (8 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) were light-cured between two glass slabs using one nanohybid bulk-fill (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent), one micro-hybrid bulk-fill (Quixfil, Dentsply), and two nanohybrid incremental-fill (Filtek Ultimate, 3M ESPE; Herculite XRV Ultra, Kerr) resin-based composites, and aged by thermocycling (between $5-55^{\circ}C$, 3,000 cycles). Then, they were divided into subgroups according to the polishing procedure as SwissFlex ($Colt\grave{e}ne/Whaledent$), Optidisc (Kerr), and Praxis TDV (TDV Dental) (n = 12 per subgroup). One surface of each specimen was left unpolished. All specimens were immersed in coffee solution at $37^{\circ}C$. The color differences (${\Delta}E$) were measured after 1 and 7 days of storage using a colorimeter based on CIE Lab system. The data were analyzed by univariate ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedmann tests (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Univariate ANOVA detected significant interactions between polishing procedure and composite resin and polishing procedure and storage time (p < 0.05). Significant color changes were detected after 1 day storage in coffee solution (p < 0.05), except Quixfil/Optidisc which was color-stable after 7 days (p > 0.05). Polishing reduced the discoloration resistance of Tetric EvoCeram/SwissFlex, Tetric EvoCeram/Praxis TDV, Quixfil-SwissFlex, and all Herculite XRV Ultra groups after 7 days storage (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Discoloration resistance of bulk-fill resin-based composites can be significantly affected by the polishing procedures.

Current–voltage characteristics of Al/Rhodamine-101/n-GaAs structures in the wide temperature range

Ö. Vural,Y. S afak,S . Altındal,A. Türüt 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3

The forward bias current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of Al/Rhodamine-101/n-GaAs structure have been investigated in the temperature range of 80–350 K. It has been seen a decrease in ideality factor (n) and an increase in the zero-bias barrier height (BH) with an increase in temperature. It has been seen that such a behavior of the BH and n obey Gaussian distribution of the BHs due to the BH inhomogeneities at the metal/semiconductor (MS) interface. The very strong temperature dependence of ideality factor of the structure has shown that the current processes occurring in the organic layer at the MS interface would be a possible candidate such as trap-charge limited conduction in determining the current at the intermediate and high bias regimes. Furthermore, it has been show that the Rh101 can be used to vary effective BHs for the metal/GaAs Schottky diodes. As a result, it has been determined that the BH value for conventional Al/n-GaAs SBD is remarkably higher than our own values of 0.68 eV obtained for the Al/Rh101/n-GaAs at 290 K.

Detecting Peripheral Arterial Disease in Primary Care: A Population Based Study

Tolga Vural,Makbule Neslişah Tan,Mehtap Kartal,Azize Dilek Güldal 대한가정의학회 2020 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.41 No.1

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can progress silently without any clinical symptoms. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) is the recommended method used in primary care. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PAD and its related risk factors in primary care. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 250 participants aged ≥45 years were recruited randomly from the registered patients of family health center in a district of Izmir, Turkey. Patients’ demographic data, PAD symptoms, and PAD risk factors were obtained. The PAD group consisted of patients with ABI levels <0.9; the non-compressible artery (NCA) group consisted of patients with ABI levels >1.3. Results: The prevalence of PAD was 17.6% (22.5% in women and 11.1% in men), while that of NCA was 15.2% (12.7% in women and 25.0% in men). About 27.3% and 54.5% of patients with PAD did not have claudication and problems with walking distance, respectively. Of the NCA patients, 15.8% had problems with walking distance and 39.5% had claudication. Regression analysis revealed two predictors of PAD (age ≥65 years: odds ratio [OR], 3.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–7.47; claudication: OR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.58–7.39) and three predictors of NCA (age <65 years: OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.01–6.45; male sex: OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.10–5.25; triglyceride [TG] >200 mg/dL: OR, 4.11; 95% CI, 1.58–10.67). Conclusion: PAD had a prevalence of 17.6% and was associated with age ≥65 years and claudication. NCA had a prevalence of 15.2% and was associated with age <65 years, TG >200 mg/dL, and male sex.

Predictive Value of Malignancy Risk Indices for Ovarian Masses in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

Ertas, Sinem,Vural, Fisun,Tufekci, Ertugrul Can,Ertas, Ahmet Candost,Kose, Gultekin,Aka, Nurettin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: To evaluate the predictive role of a risk of malignancy index in discriminating between benign and malignant adnexal masses preoperatively. Materials and Methods: A total of 408 patients with adnexal masses managed surgically between January 2010 and February 2014 were included. The risk of malignancy indices (RMI) 1, 2, 3 and 4 were calculated using findings for ultrasonography, menopausal status, and CA125 levels. Histopathologic results were the end point. ROC analysis was used for the sensitivity and the specificity of the models. Results: Some 37.6 % of the cases were malignant in the postmenopausal group while 7.9 % were malignant in the premenopausal group. Pelvic pain was the most common complaint, and the majority of the cases were diagnosed at stage 3. The RMI 1, 2, 3 and 4 yielded percentage sensitivities of 76.1, 79.1, 76.1 and 76.1 and specificities of 91.5, 89.1, 90.6, 88.6, respectively. RMI 1 was the most reliable test in the general population according to AUC levels and Kappa statistics. From ROC analysis results of post/premenopausal women, the RMI 1 (cut off: 200) yielded sensitivities of 84.0/60.9 and specificities of 87.7/92.5. With RMI 2 they were 88.6/60.9 and 80.0/91.0, with RMI 3 84.0/60.9 and 87.7/91.8, and with RMI 4 (cut off:400) 81.8/47.8 and 83.6 /44.0. Although test performance of RMI methods were good in a general population and postmenopausal women, the RMI inter-agreement validity was only moderate or fair in premenopausal women. Conclusions: Our study confirms the effectiveness of RMI algorithms in postmenopausal women. However, more sensitive tests are needed for premenopausal women.

Detection of progressive and regressive phase and LINE-1 retrotransposon in transfected dogs with transmissible venereal tumor during chemotherapy

Sevil Atalay Vural,Rifki Haziroglu,Mehmet R. Vural,Ibrahim M. Polat,Arda S. Tunc 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.5

Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a tumor that commonly occurs in genital and extragenital sites of both genders. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) retrotransposon has a pivotal role in allogenic transfection among uncontrolled dog populations. This study aimed to perform pathomorphological, immunohistochemical, and in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluation of CTVT (n = 18) in transfected dogs during chemotherapy. Immunohistochemically, tumor phases were investigated by using specific markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD79, and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-b]), and investigated an amplified specific sequence of TVT LINE-1 retrotransposon by in situ PCR. Polyhedral-shaped neoplastic cells that had large, round, hypo/hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm were detected. All marker results were positive, especially in the early weeks of recovery. CD4 and TGF-b markers were conspicuously positive at the initial stage. In situ PCR LINE-1 sequence was initially positive in only four cases. It is believed that the CD and TGF-b markers provide phase identification at tumor initiation and during chemotherapy. It is thought that presence of T and B lymphocytes, which have roles in cellular and humoral immunity, is needed so that regression of the tumor is possible.

Unusual Presentation of a Penetrating Aortic Arch Injury

Fikret Sami Vural,Atul Kumar Patel,Kashif Mustafa 대한흉부외과학회 2017 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.50 No.4

A 27-year-old man was admitted with a penetrating injury at the mid-manubrium. Computed tomographic (CT) angiography s howed a f illing def ect in t he a ortic arch. This was e valuated a s a sign o f injury and the patient underwent an e mergency o peration. No a ctive bleeding o r clot w as f ound in t he m ediastinum d uring the operation. The laceration point was between the innominate and the left carotid artery posteriorly. The injury was approached using hypothermic circulatory arrest. Aortotomy and exploration showed a 2-cm-long full-thickness aortic injury with an overlying clot. A filling defect on angiography as a sign of a penetrating arch injury has never been reported previously, but was the main pathological finding on CT angiography in our case. The aorta is a high-pressure system and injuries to it should be treated aggressively.