Public Sector Volunteerism

Valero, Jesus N. World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2017 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.16 No.1

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between organizational capacity and the use of firefighter volunteers by volunteer fire departments within local/county governments. The study is based on a nonrandom sample of 213 U.S. volunteer fire departments within local governments. The fire chief of these fire departments responded to an annual survey conducted by Firehouse Magazine in 2010 and 2011. This study uses OLS regression analysis to assess the impact of organizational capacity (measured as annual budget) on the number of firefighter volunteers used by the volunteer fire department. There is evidence to suggest that organizational capacity has a positive and statistically significant effect on the number of volunteers used among U.S. volunteer fire departments. This study extends current literature on public volunteerism by analyzing factors that explain variation in the use of volunteers by local governments, specifically fire departments. Findings suggest that fire departments with greater resources in terms of revenue are more likely to use volunteers.

Editorial Note: "Refugees, Immigrants and Public Policy in South Korea: A Two-Nation Research Collaboration"

Valero, Jesus N. World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2018 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.17 No.2

Effective Leadership in Public Organizations: The Impact of Organizational Structure in Asian Countries

Valero, Jesus N. World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2015 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.14 No.2

Among public organizations, does variation in organizational structure explain variation in public managers' leadership styles (e.g., transformational and transactional leadership)? The study of leadership in public organizations is increasingly an area of scholarly interest partly sparked by movements to reform public organizations, particularly in the context of emergency management. There is, for example, a need for effective leadership that can help organizations respond to disasters (Kapucu et al. 2010; Van Wart and Kapucu 2011; Stern 2013). There are numerous documented cases where the lack of leadership skills has been linked to major social and economic losses as a result of poor disaster response (e.g., Hurricane Katrina in the U.S.). Yet, leadership is a complex concept and numerous theoretical frameworks have been developed to help explain it (Van Wart 2005). Practically speaking, the existence of different theories of leadership suggests that public managers can decide to exercise various styles of leadership. The style of leadership that a public manager exhibits matters because some styles are perceived to be more effective than others (Trottier et al. 2008). While the effects of leadership have been extensively studied, antecedents or predictors of leadership style have received little scholarly attention (Wright and Pandey 2009; Nielsen and Cleal 2011). The purpose of this research note then is to explore the potential causal relationship between the structure of an organization and the ability of a public manager to exercise transformational leadership in the context of emergency management in two Asian countries: South Korea and Japan. This research note consists of three main sections. The following section explores the relationship between leadership and organizational structure. The second section examines how certain concepts of leadership and organizational structure were applied in two case studies of disaster response. The final section presents some directions for future research.

The Value of Internships in PSIT Looking out of an Open Window

Carmen VALERO GARCES 한국통역번역학회 2010 FORUM Vol.8 No.2

A Pragmatic Approach: Achieving Acceptable Security Mechanisms for High Speed Data Transfer Protocol- UDT

Danilo Valeros Bernardo,Doan B Hoang 보안공학연구지원센터 2010 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.4 No.4

The Complexities of Transcripts and the Role of Interpreters

Carmen Valero Garces 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2010 통번역학연구 Vol.14 No.1

전사자료가 (재판, 경찰 도청녹음 전사 등의) 전문 분야의 연구와 특히, 최근 각광받고 있는 공공 서비스로서의 통번역(Public Service Interpreting and Translating, PSIT)에서 차지하는 중요성에도 불구하고 이를 주제한 통번역 분야의 저작은 그리 많지 않다. 그 외에도 연구 목적으로 대화의 전사자료나 문서를 활용하는 (응용 언어학, 제2 외국어 교육, 민족학, 민속방법론, 인류학 등의) 다양한 학문 분야가 있다. 본 논문은 한정된 지면이나마 통번역사의 전사자료 활용에 관한 연구에 기여해 보고자 한다. 본 연구에서 “전사자료”란 원화가 언급한 단어들을 정확히 번역해 놓은 번역본을 지칭한다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 지난 세기 동안 전사자료가 어떻게 활용되었는지에 관해 간략하게 역사적 고찰을 하고, 이후 전사자료 활용 방법에 관한 접근방법을 논의함으로써 통역사의 역할을 분석해 본다. 마지막으로 전문적이고 과학적인 분야, 특히 PSIT 연구에 있어서의 전사자료의 활용과 (11M으로 알려진 스페인에서 발생한 최대 규모의 이스람 테러공격에 대한) 특정 재판에서 전사자료가 얼마나 중요한 역할을 했는지를 고찰하였다.

Capsule Endoscopy in Refractory Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Abdominal Pain

Manuel Valero,Gladys Bravo-Velez,Roberto Oleas,Miguel Puga-Tejada,Miguel Soria-Alcívar,Haydee Alvarado Escobar,Jorge Baquerizo-Burgos,Hannah Pitanga-Lukashok,Carlos Robles-Medranda 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.6

Background/Aims: Capsule endoscopy is a diagnostic method for evaluating the small bowel lumen and can detect undiagnosedlesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield and clinical impact of capsule endoscopy in patients with refractorydiarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain. Methods: This study involved a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, maintained in a database. Patients with refractorydiarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain within the period of March 2012 to March 2014 wereincluded. Capsule endoscopy was used to detect small bowel pathologies in both groups. Results: Sixty-five patients (53.8% female) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had a mean (±standard deviation) age of 50.9±15.9 years. Clinically significant lesions were detected via capsule endoscopy in 32.5% of the patients in the abdominal pain group and 54.5% ofthe patients in the diarrhea group. Overall, 48% of patients had small bowel pathologies detected during the capsule endoscopy study. Inflammatory lesions and villous atrophy were the most frequent lesions identified in 16.9% and 15.3% of patients in the abdominalpain and the diarrhea groups, respectively. Conclusions: Routine use of capsule endoscopy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome should not be recommended. However, inpatients with refractory conditions, capsule endoscopy may identify abnormalities.

Analysis of MBLOCA and LBLOCA success criteria in VVER-1000/V320 reactors: New proposals for PSA Level 1

Redondo-Valero Elena,Queral César,Fernandez-Cosials Kevin,Sanchez-Espinoza Víctor Hugo 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.2

The specific configuration of the safety systems in VVER-1000/V320 reactors allows a comprehensive study of the Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA). In the present paper, a verification of the success criteria of the event trees headers for the medium and large break LOCA sequences is conducted. A detailed TRACEV5P5 thermal-hydraulic model of the reactor has been developed, including all safety systems. When analyzing the results of all sequences, some conservatism is observed in certain specific configurations as the success criterion of some headers is not consistent with the classic PSA level 1. Therefore, new proposals for the LOCA event trees are performed based on a reconfiguration of LOCA break ranges and the use of the expanded event trees approach

PE-097: Comparisons of Non Invasive Parameters on Fibrosis Regression in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients on Entecavir Therapy

( Gabriel Valero ),( Hye Won Lee ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ),( Kwang Hyub Han ),( Jun Yong Park ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Background/aims: This study was conducted to compare non-invasive parameters on measuring liver stiffness in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with Entecavir. Four non-invasive parameters: transient elastography (TE), aspartate platelet count ratio index (APRI), FIB- and fibrosis cirrhosis index (FCI) were used to measure liver fibrosis during treatment. Methods: Chronic hepatitis B patients started on Entecavir as the first line therapy were recruited between November 2005 and July 2014. Among the population, patients who performed liver biopsy, transient elastography and laboratory tests to compute for APRI, FIB- and FCI were finally included. Results: A total of 164 patients were included in the study. The median age was 48 years (112 were men at 68.3 %) and 92 patients (56.1%) were HBeAg-positive. 19 individuals were diabetic. A total of 121 (73.8%) patients had cirrhosis based on liver biopsy (using Metavir Score). During the follow-up (median 65.7 months), complete virology response (CVR) were achieved in 122 (74.4%) patients. The median value for liver stiffness by TE changed from 10.65 kPa (range 4 - 57 kPa) to 6.9 kPa (range 3.4 - 23.9 kPa); APRI from 0.61 (range 0.20 - 2.38) to 0.40 (range 0.13 - 1.14); FCI values from 2.26 (range -0.17 - 3.85 to 1.16 (range 0.15 - 4.93) and FIB- from 1.69 (range 0.18 - 7.72) to 1.68 (range 0.36 - 4.98). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed in 23 (14 %) patients, 7.14% in group of fibrosis stage improved vs 21.3 % in groups of fibrosis stage not improved. Conclusions: Long-term entecavir therapy improved liver stiffness profiles. Fibrosis indexes decreased from baseline median values were observed during the 5 year therapy with only TE and FCI showing improvement in fibrosis stage.

Clot Composition Analysis as a Diagnostic Tool to Gain Insight into Ischemic Stroke Etiology: A Systematic Review

Alicia Aliena-Valero,Júlia Baixauli-Martín,Germán Torregrosa,José I. Tembl,Juan B. Salom 대한뇌졸중학회 2021 Journal of stroke Vol.23 No.3

Mechanical thrombectomy renders the occluding clot available for analysis. Insights into thrombus composition could help establish the stroke cause. We aimed to investigate the value of clot composition analysis as a complementary diagnostic tool in determining the etiology of large vessel occlusion (LVO) ischemic strokes (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [PROSPERO] registration # CRD42020199436). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we ran searches on Medline (using the PubMed interface) and Web of Science for studies reporting analyses of thrombi retrieved from LVO stroke patients subjected to mechanical thrombectomy (January 1, 2006 to September 21, 2020). The PubMed search was updated weekly up to February 22, 2021. Reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews were hand-searched. From 1,714 identified studies, 134 eligible studies (97 cohort studies, 31 case reports, and six case series) were included in the qualitative synthesis. Physical, histopathological, biological, and microbiological analyses provided information about the gross appearance, mechanical properties, structure, and composition of the thrombi. There were non-unanimous associations of thrombus size, structure, and composition (mainly proportions of fibrin and blood formed elements) with the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) etiology and underlying pathologies, and similarities between cryptogenic thrombi and those of known TOAST etiology. Individual thrombus analysis contributed to the diagnosis, mainly in atypical cases. Although cohort studies report an abundance of quantitative rates of main thrombus components, a definite clot signature for accurate diagnosis of stroke etiology is still lacking. Nevertheless, the qualitative examination of the embolus remains an invaluable tool for diagnosing individual cases, particularly regarding atypical stroke causes.