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주요 우울장애에서 Cytotoxic T Lynphocyte Antigen(CTLA-4) 유전자의 다형성
전태연,배치운,김병균,채정호,박원명,김광수,유태열,한훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.5
연구목적 : 세포의 면역 기능 조절에 관여하는 CTLA-4의 유전자 다형성을 분석하여 주요 우울장애와의 면역 유전학적 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : DSM-Ⅳ진단 기준에 따라 주요 우울장애로 진단된 환자 77명을 선정하였으며 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 조혈모세포은행에서 보유하고 있는 149명의 정상 한국인 자료를 대조군으로 사용하였다. 전혈에서 DNA를 추출하였으며 중합효소반응으로 CTLA-4유전자 exon 1 부위를 증폭한 후 SSCP방법으로 유전?? 형별 분석하였다. 결 과 : 대조군과 주요 우울장애 환자군 사이의 CTLA-4 유전자형과 대립유전자의 발현 빈도를 비교시 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과 exon 1 CTLA-4 유전자형 및 대립유전자의 발현빈도는 주요 우울장애 환자군과 정상 대조군 사이에 차이가 없어, exon 1 영역은 후보 유전자로서의 가능성이 없었다. 향후 연구에서는 다양한 변인들에 따라 대상군을 임상적으로 동질성을 지닌 집단으로 세분하여 조사대상 유전자와의 관련성에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 하겠다. Objectives : This study was carried out to explore the relationship between major depressive disorder and CTLA-4 which is related to the immunologic function such as T cell regulation. Methods : Among the korean patients diagnosed as major depressive disorder according to DSM-Ⅳ, 77 patients without neurological illness, hormonal disorder, or comorbid mental illness were selected. The stored data of 149 normal Koreans from the Catholic Hemopoietic Stem Cell Bank of Korea, were used as a normal control group. The data of Korean control group were compared with those of the studies of different ethnics. DNA was extracted from whole blood and the exon I region of CTLA-4 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Gene typing was performed by using SSCP and then, the results were assessed. Results : There were no significant differences in genotype frquencies of CTLA-4*G/G, CTLA-4*G/A, and CTLA-4*A/A between the patients with major depressive disorder and the control group in Korean population(48.1% vs 46.3%, 41.6% vs 39.6%, 10.3% vs 14.1%, respectively).There were no significant differences in allelic frequencies of CTLA-4*G and CTLA-4*A between the patients with major depressive disorder and the control group in Korean population(68.8% vs 66.1%, 31.2% vs 33.9%, respectively). Conclusion : Considering negative result for the association of the exon I polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene with major depressive disorder in this study, the exon I polymorphism does not appear to be possible candidate gene for major depressive disorder. Moreover, further systematic researches including diverse clinical variables would required.
인터넷 웹을 기반으로 한 공정규명과 공정제어 교육 시스템
김태언,이범석 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 2002 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-
As the computer systems are developed rapidly, the area of the engineering softwares are also expanded. Most of these engineering softwares are the high-priced commercial softwares for the exactness of the results. However, the commercial softwares are too expensive for some users. especially undergraduate students. In this study, the engineering software for the chemical process control is made of the JAVA language in a web environment. Then the virtual experiment of the process control can be executed free of charge using this software. This software is worked on the internet and shows how to identify a unknown process system and how to tune the control parameters to operate the process system. The numerical examples are presented to illustrate the virtual experiment for the process control using the software made in this study.
한국산 5종 개구리 피부선의 점액질에 대한 조직화학적 연구
조운복,최병태 釜山大學校 師範大學 1994 교사교육연구 Vol.28 No.-
한국산 개구리 5종을 재료로 하여 복부, 흉부 및 배부의 피부진피내에 산재하는 피부선의 점액물질을 검색하기 위하여 hematoxylin-eosin염색, Weigert iron hematoxylin염색, alcian blue pH 2.5염색, alcian blue pH 2.5-PAS염색, alcian blue pH 1.0-PAS염색, aldehyde fuchsin pH 1.7염색, aldehyde fuchsin pH 1.0염색 및 aldehyde fuchsin pH 1.7-alcian blue pH 2.5염색을 실시하였다. 두꺼비를 제외한 모든 종에서 점액선, 장점액선 및 과립선이 관찰되었으며 점액선의 선세포가 편평형내지 입방형인데 비해 장점액선의 선세포는 원주형으로 선관부로 갈수록 편평형내지 입방형의 세포로 변하였다. 두꺼비에서는 점액선과 과립선만이 관찰되었다. 점액선의 점액질양은 무당개구리, 옴개구리 및 두꺼비에서 풍부하였으며 참개구리 및 청개구리는 점액질을 가지지 않은 휴지기의 선세포가 많았다. 모든 종의 점액선은 중성점액질과 산성점액질의 혼합성이며 무당개구리를 제외한 모든 종에서 중성점액질의 양이 많았다. 산성점액질의 조성으로 보아 참개구리, 무당개구리 및 청개구리에서는 sulfomucin과 sialomucin의 혼합성이며, 옴개구리에서는 강 sulfomucin만이 관찰되었으며 두꺼비에서는 대부분의 선세포가 강 sulfomucin만을 함유하나 일부 약 sulfomucin과 sialomucing 함유한 선세포가 관찰되었다. 장점액선의 염색정도는 점액선에 비해 미약하며 옴개구리는 중성점액질만 가지며 그 외 종은 중성점액질과 산성점액질의 혼합성이나 중성점액질의 양이 더 많았다. 산성점액질의 조성으로 보아 약 sulfomucin과 sialomucin의 혼합성이며 참개구리에서 일부 소수의 선세포가 강 sulfomucin을 함유하였다. 과립선은 점액질을 분비하지 않았다. This study was performed to observe the histochemical properties of the mucosubstances in the skin glands which scattered in the dermis of the abdominal, thoracic and dorsal skin of five frog species(Rana nigromaculata, Bombina orientalis, Rana rugosa, Hyla arobrea and Bufo bufo gargarizans). The mucosubstances were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Weigert iron hematoxylin, PAS reaction, alcian blue pH 2.5, alcian blue pH 2.5-PAS, alcian blue pH 1.0-PAS, aldehyde fuchsin pH 1.7, aldehyde fuchsin pH 1.0 and aldehyde fuchsin pH 1.7-alcian blue pH 2.5 staining method. Three distinct types of gland, mucous, seromucous and granular gland, could be identified in Rana nigromaculata, Bombina orientalis, Rana rugosa and Hyla arobrea. The body of mucous glands was lined with cuboidal or squamous cells. The body of seromucous glands was columnar cells and toward the ductal pole the cells became flatten. Bufo bufo gargarizans possessed only two types of gland, mucous and granular gland. Mucosubstances were more abundantly observed in Bombina orientalis, Rana rugosa and Bufo bufo gargarizans than the other species, and in Rana nigromaculata and HyIa arobrea, a large number of resting mcuous cells which not contained mucosubstances were detected. The mucosubstances of mucous glands were composed of neutral and acid mucins. More neutral mucins than acid ones in the mucous gland were observed in all species examined except Bombina orientatis. According to their histochemical composition of acid mucins in Rana nigromaculata, Bombina orientalis and Hyla arobrea, mucous cells were composed of weak sulfomucin and sialomucin. Rana rugosa showed mucous cells having only strong sulfomucin. In Bufo bufo gargarizan, most of mucous cells contained strong sulfomucin whereas weak sulfomucin and sialomucin were detected in a few cells. The mucosubstances of seromucous glands in Rana nigromaculata, Bombina orientalis, Hyla arobrea, and Rana rugosa stained weakly with all staining methods as compared with the those of mucous gland. Rana rugosa exhibited neutral mucins only and the remaining three species detected neutral and acid mucins. More neutral mucins than acid ones were observed. According to their histochemical composition of acid mucins, most of seromucous cells were composed of weak sulfomucin and sialomucin, however, in Rana nigromaculata, a few cells contained strong sulfomucins only. Granular glands did not secrete mucins.
신경외과 중환자실에서 치료받은 환자들의 합병증 및 사망율에 대한 임상적 분석 : A Prospective Study of 200 Consecutive Patients
이성운,박상근,김태홍,권점대,신형식,김상진 인제대학교 1997 仁濟醫學 Vol.18 No.2
저자들은 본원 신경외과 중환자 관리의 개선을 위하여 1993년 2월부터 12월까지 중환자실에 입원하여 치료받은 환자 200명을 대상으로 합병증 및 사망율을 일정한 분석양식에 의하여 후향성 연구를 시행하였다. 전체 합병증 발생률은 16.5% 였으며, 환자의 의식 상태가 나쁘고 재원 기간이 길수록 빈도가 증가하였다. 합병증중에서 감염이 66.8%로 합병증 중 가장 많은 빈도를 보였으며, 감염 부위별로는 요도 감염(18.8%), 상처 감염(18.8%) 그리고 폐렴(16.9%) 순으로 많았다. 그외 합병증은 욕창(9.4%), 위장관 질환(7.5%), 피부 질환(7.5%) 순이었다. 사망자는 18명으로 전체 환자의 9%를 차지하였으며 그중 외상 환자가 11명(61%)으로 가장 많았다. 사망 원인은 패혈성 쇼크로 사망한 1명을 제외하고 나머지 모두는 두개강 내압 항진으로 중환자실에서 치료상 합병증에 의하여 사망한 것은 아니었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과 적합한 약물 요법, 적절한 인원 배치, 시설의 개선 및 종사자들에 대한 적극적인 교육 등을 통하여 중환자실에서의 환자 관리를 개선함으로써 합병증 및 사망율을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In order to improve the management outcome of patients in neurosurgical intensive care unit(NICU), the authors analyzed complications and mortality of 200 consecutive patients between February and December 1993. Complications were occurred in 33 patients (16.5%) among 200 patients who had been treated at NICU. Infection(66.8%) was the most common complication in our complication series and their detailed sites were urinary tract infection(18.8%), wound infection (18.8%) and pneumonia (16.9%). The motality rate was 9%. Increased intracranial pressure was the most common cause of death. Based on this study, the authors conclude that appropriate medical treatment, proper management and education for personnel and excellent equipments were key to prevention of complication and mortality.
金泰運,趙福德 부산대학교 사범대학 1978 교사교육연구 Vol.5 No.2
The purpose of this study was to identify a great deal of problems on test of physical ability be being used as marks of entrance examination in high school. Subjects were total 1075 third year boys and girls students attending in middle school which are located in Seoul, Busan, Taegu respectively. Questionaires made out by researcher of this study, was used to obtain many informations about results of physical ability training. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) Percentiles of rank classified by mark of physical ability test were as follows: special rank 44%, first rank 31.3%, second rank 19.6%, third rank 4.4%, fourth rank 0.7%. 2) Students who thought that obtained rank was in proportion to amount of training were 60.7%. 3) 54.3% students wanted to practice physical ability training not by repetition of physical ability battery but by game activities. 4) Students who took part in physical ability training positively amounted to 49.2%. 5) Owing to hard training of physical ability battery, 14.3% boy students lost their interest in physical education and 24.1% girl students did.
윤은숙,나영아,송태희 서울保健大學 1998 論文集 Vol.18 No.1
This study was investigated to the Korean restaurant menus from eight of the first class and five of the second class hotels in Seoul, and attempted to evaluate the restaurant evaluation and cooks job satisfaction with questionnaire surveys. The results were as follows : Korean restaurants of the first class hotel was on sale classified with a large table of food (so called kjo-ja-sang), Korean tabled hotel dinner(chong-sik), a Ia carte (il-pum yori), dessert, and wine with various prices and dishes. The first class hotel sold a lot of a large tables, second class hotel merchandised many Korean tabled hate dinner, both of them served from soup and stew of low price to high class dishes, served rice drink(sik-hei) and ginger tea with dried persimmons (su choung-kwa) with dessert, and served so-ju and bop-ju with Wine. Cooks whose sex were composed of 20% of female and 80% of male, ages were 52% of 20th, most of them graduated from high school or more. They had Korean, Western. Japanese or two or more of cooking license, had engaged in cooking for 5-10 years, worked 8 hours a day, made 1,000,000-1,500,000 won in a month. Most of them were satisfied with their job, possibilities, education training, and salary, whereas they dissatisfied with a cuisine environment such as room temperature, noise, illuminations. Therefore Korean restaurants need improve their working environment. Korean restaurants of the first class hotel had job description. standard cooking recipe, and job planing, hence we know that they were managed with scientific systems. We must attempt to survey menu design of food service system, western and Chinese restaurant as well.
발생기 랫드의 십이지장점막 점액질에 대한 조직화학적 연구
최병태,조운복 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1996 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.12 No.-
The Changes of mucosubstances in the duodenal mucosa of developing rats were investigated by conventional methods. On the 15 and 17 day-old fetal rat, neutral mucosubstances were observed in the stratified epithelium of the duodenum, whereas both neutral mucosubstances and sialomucins were demonstrated in the oligomucous cells on 17 day-old fetal rat. 'The brush border contained neutral mucosubstances and sialomucins from 19 day-old fetal rat, and thereafter changed the properties as a mixture of neutral mucosubstances, sialomucins and weak sulfomucins. In the goblet cells, most cells showed a mixture of neutral mucosubstances and strong sulfomucins front 19 day- old fetal rat, but a few cells contained neutral ones only. The amount of neutral and acid mucosubstances increased in the goblet cells of both villi and crypt during the suckling period. However acid mucosubstances increased in the goblet cells of crypt during the weanling period. 'Ihe Brunner's gland contained neutral mucosubstances only from 21 day-old fetal rat, but from the end of suckling period, a few cells located deep gland region contained additional strong sulfomucins.
유산소성 운동이 신체조성, 심폐기능 및 혈중지질에 미치는 영향
김태운,표내숙 부산대학교 사범대학 1992 교사교육연구 Vol.24 No.-
The purpose of this study was to compare pre and post values within group and between two groups, experimental and control, on body weight, body density, % body fat, lean body mass, skin fold thickness, Vo₂max(l/min, ml/kg/min). T-cholsterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and T-chol/HDL-chol ratio. The subjects used in this study were 38 female college students who attended aerobic classes or non-activity classes for taking physical education classes. 26 subjects attended aerobic dance classes consisted of the experimental group, while 12 subjects attended non-activity class such as health education courses consisted of the control group. The conclusions are as follows : 1) No significant differences were found between two groups, experimental and control group, on body weight, body density, % body fat, lean body mass and skinfold thickness. 2) No significant differences were found between pre and post values in group on body weight, body density, % body fat, lean body mass and skinfold thickness. 3) No significant differences were found between two groups, and within group on Vo₂max(l/min), Vo₂max(ml/kg/min), but significant differce was found in vital capacity of experimental group(P<0.05). 4) No significant differences were found between two groups, and within group on pre and post values of T-cholesterol, Triglyceride, and T-chol/HSL-chol ratio, but significant difference was found in HDL-cholesterol of experimental group(P<0.01).