중학교 과학과 교사의 수행평가에 대한 태도와 실시 현황에 대한 연구

이금숙,조운복 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2001 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.28 No.-

The purpose of this study was to be of use for more successful teaching, learning and evaluation activities in science class, by examining the science teachers' awareness of performance assessment in middle school, their actual implementation of performance assessment, its problems and reform measures. For that purpose, questionnaire method was utilized, and the literature concerned and the performance assessment cases were analyzed. In regard to the attitude toward performance assessment, the science teachers investigated thought there was little noticeable difference between performance assessment and the existing evaluation. The performance assessment was viewed as positive in large part, as it places more stock in thinking process than the traditional one, and most teaching-learning processes focus on student activities, and int's expected to improve student activities if they get feedback. However, there were also some negatives, as the subjective, concrete situations of learners aren't properly reflected and there are various problems in its practice, So they were not so willing to spend a lot of time and efforts on performance assessment. But they were very willing to join any science-teacher meetings or training. Mostly, the performance assessment was reflected by 30%, to 40% of the whole score and experiment report was most widely used. Science Teacher's biggest task of the performance assessment based on the most traditional type of experiment report was determining whether the score should be given to groups or by individuals. Some possible solutions for this matter would be giving more weight to experimental process and attitude rather than to report itself, or conducting peer evaluation to find out who is actively involved in experiment and who isn't. The performance assessment instrument was developed by using PC communication and the Internet, and it was most considered whether it's easy to use or not. In many cases, the already-developed instruments were reorganized for use. Science Teachers feel difficulty here was in the lack of confidence in the instrument validity and the shortage of information on performance assessment. Students were informed of the criteria and output of performance assessment, and the output was recorded and perfectly reflected in students' academic record. Sometimes, it was used as a means to get some information on the improvement of teaching and learning or on students. The biggest problem in performance assessment was a lot of time and efforts required for its implementation, followed by large class size and the poor ability to develop assessment tool in the order named. The urgent tasks to be addressed was lowering the number of students for a teacher, developing performance assessment tool of high objectivity and reliability, or preparing performance assessment criteria suitable for school and classroom situation. On the other hand, Science teachers investigated made a complaint of the lack of information on assessment tool development, and demanded that performance assessment tool be designed to be objective and reliable enough. Therefore, a variety of assessment tools were presented here, by analyzing field materials and reference literature, to be useful for teaching and learning activities in a science class. The findings of this study suggests that although performance assessment has a lot of merits, more diverse training opportunities and applicable, feasible relevant materials should be provided to fulfill that assessment properly, as there are a lot of obstacles to be removed.

서울市內 一部 女子大學生의 買食 實態 및 嗜好度 調査

윤은숙 서울保健大學 1990 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

藥果의 實驗 調理學的 考察

윤은숙 서울保健大學 1982 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

1. 약과의 재료변화에 따르는 실험조리학적인 검토 과정에서 밀가루와 기름의 비율은 10:1 이 가장 좋은 상태의 약과를 만들 수 있었다. 2. 시럽보다는 꿀의 사용이 약과의 모양과 맛 그리고 구열상태가 좋았다. 3. 술의 사용은 적당한 구열형성에 도움이 되며 또한 기름흡수에 도움을 주는 것으로 분석되었다. 4. 약과 튀김기름의 온도는 원형유지에 영향을 미치며 140℃이하에서는 완전히 익기 어려웠으며 가장 적합한 온도는 160℃임을 알 수 있었다. 5. 끝으로 약과의 맛과 질은 재료의 양이 변함에 따라 상호간에 상당한 영향을 받는 것으로 실험결과 증명되었다. 1) It was found that Yackwa had its best quality when the proportion of the quantity of eating oil to that of flour was 1 to 10. 2) The use of bee-honey brought about the better form, taste and hole formation than that of syrup. 3) The use some wine was of some help to the hole formation. 4) The temperature of the eating oil had some influence on the preservation of the original form. When the oil was under 140 degrees centigrade, Yackwa was not perfectly fried, and the most suitable temperature was found to be 160 degrees. 5) It was also found that both the quality and the taste of Yackwa were greatly influenced by the variable quantity of materials.

人工甘味料의 合成過程에 對한 再考

박숙자,안송자,유영자,윤정자,윤종은,이명재,정규영,황민자 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1963 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.4

서울 및 경기지역 유아의 이유보충식에 관한 실태조사

윤은숙,이정윤 서울保健大學 1994 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

This research was conducted to survey the weaning practice to Koreanwomen, The survey was executed for 417 mothers bringing up a child below 24 months in Seoul and Kyongi province from September to October, 1993. The results are as follows : The average score of knowledge on weaning of respondents was 9.48. Most of the respondents knew the significance or the necessity of supplementary food in terms of weaning. There was significant difference in score of knowledge on weaning according to a level of mother's education. The source of mothers' informations on weaning method showed the newspapers and journals for women, docter and pharmaceutical chemist, TV and radio, friend and relatives were many by the order. The average period when those surveyed began weaning of their infants was 5.03±2.46 months. The tendency of earlier weaning in 3 months was founded among 27.9% of them. About half of the respondents, 54.1% started weaning of their infants in 4∼6 months. In overall, 82.0% of them set on weaning in less than 6 months after babies were born. Fruits was firstly given to 65.2% of the infants as introducing weaning foods and commercial supplementary foods, boiled rice, milk and milk products were many by order. 50.1% of mothers prepared supplementary foods at home or used commercial baby foods, while 33.1% prepared supplementary foods for infants at home and 4.6% gave infants adult`s meals as supplementary foods.

서울시내 특급호텔 한식당의 현황

윤은숙,나영아,송태희 서울保健大學 1998 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

This study was investigated to the Korean restaurant menus from eight of the first class and five of the second class hotels in Seoul, and attempted to evaluate the restaurant evaluation and cooks job satisfaction with questionnaire surveys. The results were as follows : Korean restaurants of the first class hotel was on sale classified with a large table of food (so called kjo-ja-sang), Korean tabled hotel dinner(chong-sik), a Ia carte (il-pum yori), dessert, and wine with various prices and dishes. The first class hotel sold a lot of a large tables, second class hotel merchandised many Korean tabled hate dinner, both of them served from soup and stew of low price to high class dishes, served rice drink(sik-hei) and ginger tea with dried persimmons (su choung-kwa) with dessert, and served so-ju and bop-ju with Wine. Cooks whose sex were composed of 20% of female and 80% of male, ages were 52% of 20th, most of them graduated from high school or more. They had Korean, Western. Japanese or two or more of cooking license, had engaged in cooking for 5-10 years, worked 8 hours a day, made 1,000,000-1,500,000 won in a month. Most of them were satisfied with their job, possibilities, education training, and salary, whereas they dissatisfied with a cuisine environment such as room temperature, noise, illuminations. Therefore Korean restaurants need improve their working environment. Korean restaurants of the first class hotel had job description. standard cooking recipe, and job planing, hence we know that they were managed with scientific systems. We must attempt to survey menu design of food service system, western and Chinese restaurant as well.

Dot-ELISA를 이용한 Chlamydia trachomatis 감염의 혈청학적 진단

장숙진,김덕언,김홍석,최태열 대한임상병리학회 1992 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.12 No.2

이화방어기제검사 표준화연구

김재은,김정규,박영숙,이근후 大韓神經精神醫學會 1991 신경정신의학 Vol.30 No.3

This study aimed at an evaluation of the reliability and validity of Ewha Defense Mechanism Test(EDMT) for standardization during the period from June 25 to July 10 with nationalwide sample which was standardized by Rhee Kun Hoo. Kin Jae Un. Kim Jung Kyu. and Park Young Sook. The number of subjects were 1.323 who were sampled by the method of proportional stratification on age. sex. education. local area variables. This test is composed of 20 defense mechanism subscales and total items of the test are 200. The results were as follows : 1) The range of means of each scales were from 2.70 to 3.34 and the range of items standard deviation was from .71 to 1.28. 2) The corrected item-total correlation coefficients were than .10 for all items except two items which was the index of internal consistancy. 3) The spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficients were more than .66 and the retest reliability coefficients were more than .72 for all scales. 4) By the evaluation of the cross validation with “16 Personality Factor Inventory”. it was found that 11 factors were consistent with expectation among 16 factors so that the result of cross validity was moderately sufficient. 5) By the factor analysis. four factors were extracted. Factor 1 was “unstable sensitization defense mechanisms”which were acting out, displacement, somatization. dissociation. projection. and passive-aggressive behavior. Factor 2 was “ego-expansive defense mechanisms” which were composed of controlling. distortion. altruism. humor. and sublimation. Factor 3 was “ego-denial defense mechanisms” which were reaction formation. bragging identification. and regressin. Factor 4 was “reality evasive defense mechanisms” which were denial rationalization. suppression. anticipation. and evasion.

2.25Cr-1Mo 강 인공 열화재의 고주파수 초음파 감쇠특성에 관한 연구

박익근,박은수,김정석,김현묵,권숙인,변재원 한국비파괴검사학회 2001 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.21 No.4

재료나 설비의 고온 장시간 사용으로 인하여 발생되는 재질열화 평가에는 파괴적인 방법이 널리 사용되고 있으며, 신뢰도가 높다. 그러나, 시험편의 채취가 어렵고 많은 경비와 시간이 소요된다. 전기저항법, 레프리카법, 바크하우젠 노이즈법, 전기화학적방법, 초음파법 등과 같은 비파괴적인 열화손상 평가 방법이 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2.25Cr-1Mo 강을 630℃에서 장시간 등온열처리로 모의 열화시험편을 제작하고, 고온설비부재에서 발생되는 미세조직의 변화와 고주파 초음파의 전파특성(감쇠계수)과의 일대일 상관관계를 규명하여 초음파 비파괴평가에 의한 열화도 평가의 유용성 유무를 실험적으로 검증하였다. 그 결과 2.25Cr-1Mo 인공열화재의 경우 열화가 진행됨에 따라 탄화물의 석출 및 조대화가 일어나며 초음파 감쇠계수는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 그 정도는 침상의 탄화물이 거의 소멸되는 1,000 시간 이후에 초음파 감쇠계수가 급격히 증가하는 매우 좋은 상관성을 나타내었다. The destructive method is reliable and widely used for the estimation of material degradation but, it have time-consuming and a great difficulty in preparing specimens from in-service industrial facilities. Therefore, the estimation of degraded structural materials used at high temperature by nondestructive evaluation such as electric resistance method, replica method, Barkhausen noise method, electro-chemical method and ultrasonic method are strongly desired. Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation technique has been reported good to attain efficiency of measurement, high sensitivity of measurement, and rapidity and reliability of result interpretation. In this study, it was verified experimentally the feasibility of the evaluation of degraded 2.25Cr-1Mo steel specimens which were prepared by the isothermal aging heat treatment at 630℃ by high frequency longitudinal wave method investigating the change of attenuation coefficient by FFT analysis and wavelet transform. Because of carbide precipitation increase and spheroidization near grain boundary of microstructure to aging degradation, attenuation coefficient had a tendency to increase as degradation proceeded. It was identified possibly to evaluate degradation using the characteristics of high-frequency ultrasonics. Frequency dependence of ultrasonic attenuation coefficient to aging degradation appeared large, which made sure that attenuation coefficient is an important parameter for evaluation of aging degradation.

초음파 에코파형의 웨이브렛 변환과 비파괴평가에의 응용

박익근,박은수,안형근,권숙인,변재원 한국비파괴검사학회 2000 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.20 No.6

초음파 에코파형의 시간-주파수해석법으로 Wigner 분포와 웨이브렛 변환 등과 같은 새로운 신호처리 기법이 비파괴평가 분야에 널리 응용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 웨이브렛 변환(Wavelet transform)에 의한 음속과 감쇠계수의 주파수의존성과 초음파 결함신호의 잡음제거의 유용성 유무를 실험적으로 검증하였다. Gabor 함수를 웨이브렛의 기본 함수로 사용하였다. 초음파의 에코파형에 포함된 각 주파수성분의 속도와 감쇠계수의 주파수의존성을 추정할 수 있었으며, 초음파탐상에서 결함의 검출능 향상과 결함크기 산정의 정량화에 접근하기 위해 웨이브렛 변환에 의한 S/N 비신호처리 시뮬레이션 결과를 오스테나이트강 스텐인레스 용접부에 가공한 EDM 노치의 초음파 결함신호에 적용한 결과 임상에코를 저감하고 S/N 비를 개선하는 것이 가능하였다. Recently, advanced signal analysis which is called "time-frequency analysis" has been used widely in nondestructive evaluation appications. Wavelet transform(WT) and Wigner Distribution are the most advanced techniques for processing signals with time-varying spectra. Wavelet analysis method is an attractive technique for evaluation of material characterization nondestructively. Wavelet transform is applied to the time-frequency analysis of ultrasonic echo waveform obtained by an ultrasonic pulse-echo technique, In this study, the feasibility of noise suppression of ultrasonic flaw signal and frequency-dependent ultrasonic group velocity and attenuation coefficient using wavelet analysis of ultrasonic echo waveform have been verified experimentally. The Gabor function is adopted the analyzing wavelet. The wavelet analysis show that the variations of ultrasonic group velocity and attenuation coefficient due to the change of material characterization can be evaluated at each frequency. Furthermore, to assure the enhancement of detectability and flaw sizing performance, both computer simulated results and experimental measurements using wavelet signal processing are used to demonstrate the effectibeness of the noise suppression of ultrasonic flaw signal obtained from austenitic stainless steel weld including EDM notch.