The Evidence-Oriented Crime Control Policy : An Analysis of Police Data and Public Opinion in Taiwan

Huang Tsui-Wen,Mon Wei-Teh 아시아경찰학회 2004 Asia Pacific Journal of Police & Criminal Justice Vol.2 No.1

  Good social order is an important condition for human living. People are happy to live in the circumstances of no or less fear of crime victimization. The purpose of this study is to explore an evidence-oriented and feasible crime control policy for local government and citizens. The research setting for this study is located in Taipei county, the largest county both in terms of overall population and population density ( 3.51 million, population density 1,711 per square kilometer ) in Taiwan. Furthermore, Taipei county covers approximately 2,052 square kilometers and can be divided into urbanized, rural, coastal and mountainous areas. In general, Taipei county can represent the typical features of Taiwan’s geography.<BR>  In order to achieve the purpose of this research, data were collected through qualitative and quantitative approaches. There are four major sources of data on crimes of Taipei county-the ten-year statistics on crimes collected from the Taipei County Police Department(TCPD), focus group interviews(to investigate and comprehend the police officers’ recognition and viewpoint of the content of the public need for social order and suitable crime control policy), analysis of the 109,351 citizen calls to which the police officers of TCPD were dispatched from year 1999 to 2000, and public opinion survey(including 3,026 respondents in the sample).<BR>  According to the analysis of empirical data collected in this research, the crime control policy was yielded as the following items:<BR>  1.Increasing police patrol density.<BR>  2.Imposing stronger control on hot spots of crime.<BR>  3.More law enforcement on traffic violation.<BR>  4.Improving police service quality.<BR>  5.Implementing community policing.<BR>  6.Strengthening the function of community and apartment managing committee.<BR>  7.Increasing the police forces.<BR>  8.Innovating the police training and education program.

Temperature-dependent development and life history of Oligonychus litchii (Acari: Tetranychidae), on wax apple

Wen-Hua Chen,Chao-Yu Li,Tsui-Ying Chang 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.1

The litchi spider mite Oligonychus litchii Lo & Ho is one of the major pests of fruit crops in Taiwan. This study investigated the life history of the litchi spider mite on wax apple (Syzygium samarangense Merr. & Perry) at five constant temperatures (16, 20, 25, 30, and 32 °C) under 70 ± 5% RH and a 12L:12D photoperiod. Ninetyfive percent of the eggs hatched at 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively. The entire developmental period was 40.3 days at 16 °C and only 9.3 days at 32 °C. The low developmental threshold temperature for development fromegg to adult was 10.1 °C, and the effective accumulated temperature was 197.5 degree–days (DD). Unmated female mites had the longest life span although the oviposition period shortened as temperature increased. Mated female mites produced significantly more eggs than unmated females. At most, a mated female could produce an average of 3.5 eggs per day at 25 °C and a maximum of 60.3 eggs over the entire oviposition period at 20 °C. Unmated females exclusively produce male offspring, indicating that litchi spider mites are arrhenotokous. At 25 °C, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.1610 day−1, the net reproductive rate (R0) was 19.58 offspring, the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.1747 day−1, and the mean generation time (T) was 18.50 days. The results obtained in this study provide useful information to aid in the development of phenological models for pest monitoring programs of O. litchii in Taiwan.

Prevalence, Incidence, and Factor Concentrate Usage Trends of Hemophiliacs in Taiwan

Tsu-Chiang Tu,Wen-Shyong Liou,Tsui-Yun Chou,Tsung-Kun Lin,Chuan-Fang Lee,Jye-Daa Chen,Thau-Ming Cham,Mei-Ing Chung 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.1

Purpose: Hemophilia A and B (HA, HB) are the most common X-linked inherited bleeding disorders. The introduction of factor concentrates has allowed for control of the lifelong chronic disease. However, no studies have been published regarding the epidemiology of hemophilia in Taiwan. Our aim was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate, as well as trends in the use of factor concentrates,in individuals with hemophilia in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2007. Results: We identified 988 males with hemophilia (HA : HB ratio=5.4 : 1). The mean prevalence per 100000 males was 6.7±0.1 for HA and 1.2±0.1 for HB. The estimated mean annual incidence per live male birth was 1 in 10752 for HA and 1 in 47619 for HB. Standardized mortality ratios for males with hemophilia (all severities) or severe hemophilia were 1.3- and 2.1-fold higher than that of the general male population, respectively. Mean factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX (FIX) usage was 1.5003±0.4029 and 0.3126±0.0904 international units (IUs) per capita, respectively. Mean FVIII and FIX usage per patient with hemophilia (all severities) or severe hemophilia was 44027±11532 and 72341±17298, respectively, and 49407±13015 and 74369±18411 IUs per person with HA or HB, respectively. Conclusion: Our data revealed epidemiologic and factor concentrate usage trends in males with hemophilia in Taiwan, highlighting a need for improvements in the mandatory National Health Insurance registry. A better-designed, patient-centered registry system would enable more detailed patient information collection and analysis, improving subsequent care.

Prevalence, Incidence, and Factor Concentrate Usage Trends of Hemophiliacs in Taiwan

Tsu-Chiang Tu,Wen-Shyong Liou,Tsui-Yun Chou,Tsung-Kun Lin,Chuan-Fang Lee,Jye-Daa Chen,Thau-Ming Cham,Mei-Ing Chung 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.2

Purpose Hemophilia A and B (HA, HB) are the most common X-linked inherited bleeding disorders. The introduction of factor concentrates has allowed for control of the lifelong chronic disease. However, no studies have been published regarding the epidemiology of hemophilia in Taiwan. Our aim was to determine the prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate, as well as trends in the use of factor concentrates, in individuals with hemophilia in Taiwan. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2007. Results We identified 988 males with hemophilia (HA : HB ratio=5.4 : 1). The mean prevalence per 100000 males was 6.7±0.1 for HA and 1.2±0.1 for HB. The estimated mean annual incidence per live male birth was 1 in 10752 for HA and 1 in 47619 for HB. Standardized mortality ratios for males with hemophilia (all severities) or severe hemophilia were 1.3- and 2.1-fold higher than that of the general male population, respectively. Mean factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX (FIX) usage was 1.5003±0.4029 and 0.3126±0.0904 international units (IUs) per capita, respectively. Mean FVIII and FIX usage per patient with hemophilia (all severities) or severe hemophilia was 44027±11532 and 72341±17298, respectively, and 49407±13015 and 74369±18411 IUs per person with HA or HB, respectively. Conclusion Our data revealed epidemiologic and factor concentrate usage trends in males with hemophilia in Taiwan, highlighting a need for improvements in the mandatory National Health Insurance registry. A better-designed, patient-centered registry system would enable more detailed patient information collection and analysis, improving subsequent care.

Trends in incidence and survival outcome of epithelial ovarian cancer: 30-year national population-based registry in Taiwan

Ying-Cheng Chiang,Chi-An Chen,Chun-Ju Chiang,Tsui-Hsia Hsu,Ming-Chieh Lin,San-Lin You,Wen-Fang Cheng,Mei-Shu Lai 대한부인종양학회 2013 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.24 No.4

Objective: To investigate the changes of incidence and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in thirty years in Taiwan. Methods: The databases of women with epithelial ovarian cancer during the period from 1979 to 2008 were retrieved from the National Cancer Registration System of Taiwan. The incidence and prognosis of these patients were analyzed. Results: Totally 9,491 patients were included in the study. The age-adjusted incidences of epithelial ovarian cancer were 1.01, 1.37, 2.37, 3.24, 4.18, and 6.33 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, in every 5-year period from 1979 to 2008. The age-specific incidence rates increased especially in serous, endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma, and the age of diagnosis decreased from sixty to fifty years old in the three decades. Patients with mucinous, endometrioid, or clear cell carcinoma had better long-term survival than patients with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). Patients with undifferentiated carcinoma or carcinosarcoma had poorer survival than those with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). The mortality risk of age at diagnosis of 30-39 was significantly higher than that of age of 70 years or more (test for trend, p<0.001). The mortality risk decreased from the period of 1996-1999 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; p=0.054) to the period after 2000 (HR, 0.74; p<0.001) as compared with that from the period of 1991-1995. Conclusion: An increasing incidence and decreasing age of diagnosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients were noted. Histological type, age of diagnosis, and treatment period were important prognostic factors for epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Nucleophosmin modulates the alleviation of atopic dermatitis caused by the marine-derived compound dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol

Han-Chun Hung,Chien-Wei Feng,Yen-You Lin,Chun-Hong Chen,Kuan-Hao Tsui,Wu-Fu Chen,Chieh-Yu Pa,Jyh-Horng Sheu,Chun-Sung Sung,Zhi-Hong Wen 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, and its prevalence is increasing. AD usually elicits skin barrier dysfunction, dry skin and itching. As the mechanisms of AD remain unknown, there is an urgent need to find effective therapies. Because of the diversity and complexity of marine environments, the discovery of drugs from marine organisms as novel therapeutic agents for human diseases has seen renewed interest. Dihydroaustrasulfone alcohol (WA-25), the synthetic precursor of austrasulfone, which is a natural product isolated from a Formosan soft coral, has been shown to possess many therapeutic effects in our previous studies. However, the detailed mechanisms and therapeutic effects of WA-25 on AD are incompletely understood. We performed in vitro and in vivo studies to examine the effects of WA-25 on AD. We showed that WA-25 blocks inflammation and oxidative stress. Simultaneously, we also found that WA-25 reduces the AD scores and AD-induced transepidermal water loss (TEWL), scratching behavior, and alloknesis. WA-25 is more effective in cases of AD than are the drugs that are currently used clinically. Importantly, we also found that when nucleophosmin (NPM) was inhibited or when its expression was reduced, the anti-inflammatory and anti-AD effects of WA-25 were blocked. These data suggest that NPM plays dual roles in inflammation and AD. Overall, these results suggest that WA-25 is a potential anti-inflammatory and AD therapeutic agent that is modulated by NPM.

Final report on APMP supplementary comparison P1-APMP.EM.RF-S3: APMP comparison of 50 ohm coaxial mismatches

Patel, Kamlesh,Negi, P S,Swarup, Ram,Kim, Jeong Hwan,Kang, Jin-Seob,Chow, Michael W K,Tsui, C M,Dressler, Erik,Shay, Wen-Tron,Li, Hua,Shan, Yueyan Springer-Verlag 2012 METROLOGIA -BERLIN- Vol.49 No.-

<P>A measurement comparison of complex reflection coefficient has been carried out among six national metrology laboratories in coaxial system at frequencies of 50 MHz, 2 GHz, 10 GHz and 18 GHz. Three 50 Ω coaxial mismatches (voltage standing wave ratios 1.2, 1.5 and 2.0) in 7 mm connectors have been measured for their complex reflection coefficients in the magnitude and phase form. The six laboratories participated are NPL India, KRISS Korea, SCL Hong Kong, CMS ITRI Taiwan, NMC Singapore and CSIR-NML South Africa (now NMISA). The National Physical Laboratory (India) acted as the pilot laboratory for the comparison. Good agreement between the values provided by the participating laboratories has been observed: the degrees of equivalence for all the values reported, with respect to the reference value and between pairs of laboratories, are less than their associated uncertainties, at a level of confidence of 95%.</P><P>Main text.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.</P><P>The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by APMP, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).</P>