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IN THE NAME OF THE PEOPLE: WELFARE AND SOCIETAL SECURITY IN MODERN JAPAN AND BEYOND
Tomoko Akami 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2006 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.30 No.1
This article questions the notion of “traditional” security by examining security ideas held by policy elites in the Asia-Pacific, particularly in Japan, from the mid-19th century to 1945. It argues that the idea of security of the people has been a significant and integral part of the discourse of security during all that time. The Japanese case suggests that its implications were not always positive, however. What was problematic was not so much a narrow focus on an external military threat as the way “people” were defined collectively as the nation or national society. As a result, “security” was often used in the context of imperial aggression or wartime mobilization. The article sees the more recent notion of security—namely, societal security—as a revival of this historical notion of security, and reinforces the point that in order to avoid its negative implications, current debates need to go beyond the nation-state framework.
Tomoko Ogawa,Noriko Hanamura,Masako Yamashita,Hiroko Kimura,Minori Ito,Takashi Nakamura,Yumi Kashikura,Yuki Nohara,Aya Noro 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.4
We introduce a method combining two oncoplastic techniques for breast-conserving reconstruction. The procedure is as follows: first, an extended glandular flap is made by undermining the breast from both the skin and the pectoralis fascia to the upper edge of the breast at the subclavicular area. After modeling the breast mound with the extended glandular flap, an inframammary adipofascial flap is made. The flap is reflected back to the breast area remodeled using the extended glandular flap. After reshaping the breast, the inframammary line is then re-shaped. This method is indicated for patients with breast cancer in the outer portion of the breast, who have small dense breasts, and have undergone a large excision of about 40% of their breast volume. We treated four patients, all of whom had either excellent or good cosmetic results with no fat necrosis.
Tomoko Ogawa,Noriko Hanamura,Masako Yamashita,Minori Ito,Hiroko Kimura,Takashi Nakamura,Yumi Kashikura,Yuki Nohara,Aya Noro 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.2
An abdominal advancement flap (AAF) is a flap that pulls the elevated abdominal skin up and creates the shape of the inferior portion of the breast by making a neo-inframammary fold. Seven patients underwent remodeling using an AAF or a method combining an AAF with other volume displacement techniques after partial mastectomy. The excision volume ranged from 15% to 35%. AAF with only mobilization of the gland flaps was performed in two cases, with lateral mammoplasty in one case, with the round block technique (RBT) in one case, with a modified RBT in one case, and with medial mammoplasty in two cases. Although one patient treated with a RBT had a partial blood-flow insufficiency of the nipple-areola complex, it improved with conservative treatment. The cosmetic results were found to be excellent in three cases, good in three, and fair in one case.
Recent progress of mutation breeding in modern genome science era -Ion-beam mutagenesis-
Tomoko Abe 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07
The world is facing a serious food and energy crisis. Plant mutation breeding has played an important role in overcoming this crisis and maintaining world stability. New techniques are required to achieve faster and more effective breeding. At RIKEN, we have developed a unique technology for mutation induction by using heavy-ion beams from particle accelerators at the RI Beam Factory. This development was achieved through an efficient synergistic link between agricultural science and accelerator physics. The use of ion beams for mutagenesis has a number of advantages: the approach has low exposure levels and high survival rates with high mutation rates, and it creates a wide variety of different mutations. Because heavy-ion beams provide a very high amount of energy, even a single ion is enough to significantly damage a gene – in fact, the beams have enough energy to break the double strand of the DNA. The technique is also very useful in producing mutants that lack just a single gene; multiple propagation technology can be used to convert these mutants into new cultivars. Examples of such breeds include ‘Safinia Rose’ (petunia), ‘Temari Bright Pink’ (vervena) and ‘Olivia Pure White’ (dianthus). The development period for producing new varieties is only 2 years. Over last decade, molecular biology has made great advancements through technological innovation. We use high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques such as next-generation sequence instruments and microarray technologies for analysis of gene mutations. Mutants have become more and more useful and important in modern genetic studies, enabling the discovery of genes that control important traits, and revealing the functions and mechanisms underlying their operations. The discovery of genes using mutants may lead to the emergence of a new field in biology, ‘Mutagenomics’.
Convergent Floating Thresholding Method
Tomoko Fujidai,Kazuhiro Kunishi,Jun’ichi Yamaguchi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In this paper, the authors propose a method for thresholding a gray-scaled image. In the method, a threshold for a coordinate is set by an iteration that is composed of the pixels detection from neighboring area and a calculation of a candidate threshold using the detected pixels. The candidate threshold settles down to a value, because the detected pixels finally become invariable. Therefore, the method can set the threshold which follows up a light changing and a contrast changing. The proposed method and the conventional methods were tested, using a preceding car images. We compared the method with other methods by an estimation based on a correlation on the thresholding. It was confirmed that the proposed method had more effectiveness than the conventional methods in case of brightnes change, contrast fall and image size change.
Tomoko Fukazawa,Ilias Smyrnioudis,Masayuki Konishi,Hyeon Ki Kim,Mio Nishimaki,Mi Xiang,Shizuo Sakamoto 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
The effects of Chios mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia) and exercise on physical characteristics, blood lipid markers, insulin resistance, and hepatic function were investigated in healthy, non-smoking Japanese men aged C 40 years. Participants were allocated to control (C, 5 g/day placebo powder, n = 7), mastic (M, 5 g/day mastic powder, n = 7), or mastic plus physical activity groups (M ? PA, 5 g/day mastic powder and 30-min exercise three times/week, n = 7), and measurements were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Serum triglycerides were significantly reduced at 3 months in M and M ? PA compared with C (P\0.05). Serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance values were significantly reduced at 3 and 6 months in M ? PA, and at 6 months in M, compared with C (P\0.05). These results indicate that Chios mastic gum intake for 6 months reduced serum triglyceride and insulin concentrations, and additional exercise enhanced the effect on insulin.
Tomoko Kaburagi,Yuko Otsuka,Satoru Oshiro 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.8
The sialic acid N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA), an essential factor in bioregulation, is a functional foodcomponent that is known to have beneficial health effects, but its antiobesity effect has not been clearly understood. Adipocytedysfunction in obesity involves a decrease in the level of NANA sialylation. In this study, we investigated the antiobesityeffect of NANA in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly dividedinto three groups and administered the following diets: a normal diet, an HFD, and an HFD with 1% NANA supplementationfor 12 weeks. NANA supplementation significantly reduced body weight gain; epididymal adipose tissue hypertrophy; andserum lipid, fasting glucose, and aspartate transaminase levels compared with those in HFD mice. The percentage of lipiddroplets in hepatic tissue was also decreased by NANA supplementation in HFD mice. The downregulation of Adipoqexpression and upregulation of Fabp4 expression induced by HFD in epididymal adipocytes were improved by NANAsupplementation. The downregulation of Sod1 expression and increase in malondialdehyde level were induced by HFD, andthey were significantly improved in the liver by NANA supplementation, but not in epididymal adipocytes. However, NANAsupplementation had no effect on sialylation and antioxidant enzyme levels in mouse epididymal adipocytes and 3T3-L1adipocytes. Overall, NANA exerts antiobesity and antihypolipidemic effects and may be beneficial in suppressing obesityrelateddiseases.