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Sini Toivonen 대한핵의학회 2023 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.57 No.3
Purpose We evaluated the residual vascular and adipose tissue inflammation in patients with chronic coronary artery disease(CAD) using positron emission tomography (PET). Methods Our study population consisted of 98 patients with known CAD and 94 control subjects who had undergone18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET due to non-cardiac reasons. Aortic root and vena cava superior 18F-FDG uptakewere measured to obtain the aortic root target-to-background ratio (TBR). In addition, adipose tissue PET measurementswere done in pericoronary, epicardial, subcutaneous, and thoracic adipose tissue. Adipose tissue TBR was calculated usingthe left atrium as a reference region. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as median (interquartile range). Results The aortic root TBR was higher in CAD patients compared to control subjects, 1.68 (1.55–1.81) vs. 1.53 (1.43–1.64),p < 0.001. Subcutaneous adipose tissue uptake was elevated in CAD patients 0.30 (0.24–0.35) vs. 0.27 (0.23–0.31), p < 0.001. Metabolic activity of CAD patients and control subjects was comparable in the pericoronary (0.81 ± 0.18 vs. 0.80 ± 0.16,p = 0.59), epicardial (0.53 ± 0.21 vs. 0.51 ± 0.18, p = 0.38) and thoracic (0.31 ± 0.12 vs. 0.28 ± 0.12, p = 0.21) adipose tissueregions. Aortic root or adipose tissue 18F-FDG uptake was not associated with the common CAD risk factors, coronarycalcium score, or aortic calcium score (p value > 0.05). Conclusion Patients with a chronic CAD had a higher aortic root and subcutaneous adipose tissue 18F-FDG uptake comparedto control patients, which suggests residual inflammatory risk.
Effect of High Vanillin Treatment on Storage Quality of Fresh-cut Apples
Hun-Sik Chung,Peter M.A. Toivonen,Kwang-Deog Moon 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.3
The effect of post-cut vanillin treatment at high concentrations on changes of quality and microorganism in freshcut apples was studied. Apples (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji) were sliced, treated by dipping in different vanillin solution, 0, 40, 80, and 120 mM, packed in polyethylene bag, and then stored for up to 3 weeks at 4℃. Changes in total aerobic bacteria, yeast and molds, browning, soluble solids, and titratable acidity during storage were investigated. Growth of total aerobic bacteria throughout storage was strongly inhibited by vanillin regardless of treatment concentrations. Growth of yeast and molds was inhibited by vanillin of all concentrations until 2 weeks of storage. Levels of browning index, soluble solids, and titratable acidity were not significant difference among the treatment conditions until 2 weeks of storage. However, when stored for 3 weeks, browning index increased more at 80 or 120 mM vanillin, while soluble solids and titratable acidity more be decreased by 120 mM vanillin as compared with other treatment conditions. These results show that the usage of vanillin in processing of fresh-cut apples had a limitation for maintaining quality.
Output Error Identification in the Presence of Structural Disturbances
Amir H. Shirdel,Jari M. Boling,Hannu T. Toivonen 제어로봇시스템학회 2018 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
In empirical system identification, models that are identified using output-error method are better suited for long-term predictions. The non-stationary structural disturbances, such as trends and outliers in data can have adverse affects on the estimation of the system parameters. We propose a method that performs the estimation of model parameters and structural disturbances simultaneously. The output-error model is constructed by an orthonormal basis functions (OBF) such as Laguerre or Kautz filters. The identification problem is formulated as a least-squares problem with a sparsity constraint, which is approximately solved using ℓ₁-regularization with iterative reweighting. The Hankel reduction method is used for model order determination and reduction. The presented method is tested on simulated linear examples. The effects of cases in which different initial chosen poles and different order of OBF expansions are evaluated. The suggested method shows better performance compared to the standard least squares method regarding poles and mean square error of the identified model.
Tiikkaja, Maria,Aro, Aapo L.,Alanko, Tommi,Lindholm, Harri,Sistonen, Heli,Hartikainen, Juha E.K.,Toivonen, Lauri,Juutilainen, Jukka,Hietanen, Maila Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.3
Background: Cardiac pacemakers are known to be susceptible to strong electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This in vivo study investigated occurrence of electromagnetic interference with pacemakers caused by common environmental sources of EMFs. Methods: Eleven volunteers with a pacemaker were exposed to EMFs produced by two mobile phone base stations, an electrically powered commuter train, and an overhead high voltage transmission lines. All the pacemakers were programmed in normal clinically selected settings with bipolar sensing and pacing configurations. Results: None of the pacemakers experienced interference in any of these exposure situations. However, often it is not clear whether or not strong EMFs exist in various work environments, and hence an individual risk assessment is needed. Conclusions: Modern pacemakers are well shielded against external EMFs, and workers with a pacemaker can most often return to their previous work after having a pacemaker implanted. However, an appropriate risk assessment is still necessary after the implantation of a pacemaker, a change of its generator, or major modification of its programming settings.
Maria Tiikkaja,Aapo L. Aro,Tommi Alanko,Harri Lindholm,Heli Sistonen,Juha E.K. Hartikainen,Lauri Toivonen,Jukka Juutilainen,Maila Hietanen 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.3
Background: Cardiac pacemakers are known to be susceptible to strong electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This in vivo study investigated occurrence of electromagnetic interference with pacemakers caused by common environmental sources of EMFs. Methods: Eleven volunteers with a pacemaker were exposed to EMFs produced by two mobile phone base stations, an electrically powered commuter train, and an overhead high voltage transmission lines. All the pacemakers were programmed in normal clinically selected settings with bipolar sensing and pacing configurations. Results: None of the pacemakers experienced interference in any of these exposure situations. However, often it is not clear whether or not strong EMFs exist in various work environments, and hence an individual risk assessment is needed. Conclusions: Modern pacemakers are well shielded against external EMFs, and workers with a pacemaker can most often return to their previous work after having a pacemaker implanted. However, an appropriate risk assessment is still necessary after the implantation of a pacemaker, a change of its generator, or major modification of its programming settings.