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Fostering Critical Thinking in the Classroom
Tock Keng Lim(Tock Keng Lim) 대한사고개발학회 1996 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.6 No.1
Philosophy for Children, a thinking programme, has been initiated in a few primary and secondary schools in Singapore since January 1992. The programme aims to foster and strengthen critical thinking among the students in these schools. It endeavours to improve students' thinking through the discussion of philosophical issues embedded in novels specially written by Matthew Lipman, the founder of the programme. The teacher generates discussion usually by suggesting an issue to discuss about the passage. Children are encouraged to discuss, listen, clarify and justify their thinking. Experiences in the Singapore project, so far, have indicated that Philosophy for Children has added a new dimension to the ways the students approach thinking. This paper presents the experiences of the programme and the feedback from teachers and students on the programme.
비전 센서 및 딥러닝 기반 선박 접안을 위한 어라운드뷰 모니터링 시스템
김한근,김동훈,박별터,이승목,Kim, Hanguen,Kim, Donghoon,Park, Byeolteo,Lee, Seung-Mok 대한임베디드공학회 2020 대한임베디드공학회논문지 Vol.15 No.2
This paper proposes vision sensors and deep learning-based around view monitoring system for ship berthing. Ship berthing to the port requires precise relative position and relative speed information between the mooring facility and the ship. For ships of Handysize or higher, the vesselships must be docked with the help of pilots and tugboats. In the case of ships handling dangerous cargo, tug boats push the ship and dock it in the port, using the distance and velocity information receiving from the berthing aid system (BAS). However, the existing BAS is very expensive and there is a limit on the size of the vessel that can be measured. Also, there is a limitation that it is difficult to measure distance and speed when there are obstacles near the port. This paper proposes a relative distance and speed estimation system that can be used as a ship berthing assist system. The proposed system is verified by comparing the performance with the existing laser-based distance and speed measurement system through the field tests at the actual port.
Critical Thinking and Socratic Inquiry in the Classroom
Tock Keng Lim 대한사고개발학회 1996 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.6 No.2
Critical thinking is widely regarded as a generalized skill or ability (or a set of such skills and abilities) to be utilized across a variety of situations and circumstances. The definitions of critical thinking vary from Ennis' comprehensive list of proficiencies of a critical thinker, to Paul's "strong-sense" critical thinking, focusing on self-deception, world views and a dialectical mode of analysis, and to Lipman's critical thinking being extremely deliberative with continual examining and weighing of alternatives in the light of explicit standards and criteria. The paper focuses on different models of critical thinking in the classroom: Paul's Socratic Questioning model, Adler's Paedeia Socratic Seminar programme, Van Tassel-Baska's Epistemological Concept model and Lipman's Philosophy for Children programme. The role of teachers in these models and how teachers can bring about inquiry in the classroom are discussed.
Gifted students in a community of inquiry
Tock Keng Lim 한국교육개발원 2006 KEDI Journal of Educational Policy Vol.3 No.2
The community of inquiry, an instructional approach utilized in the Philosophy for Children program, creates a culture of critical thinking, inquiry and open‐minded discussion in gifted students. It nurtures in gifted students, adept at mental competition and their abilities to “out‐think” others, the critical thinking dispositions to be good reflective listeners, open to evidence and respectful of other points of view. The community fosters mutual co‐operation, trust, tolerance, fair mindedness and a heightened degree of sensitivity to their peers. This paper investigates the experiences of the Philosophy for Children (P4C) program in two top schools in Singapore, examining transcripts of P4C lessons and feedback from students and teachers in surveys and interviews.
Using Dialogue to Inculcate Scientific Inquiry in Gifted Students
Tock Keng Lim 대한사고개발학회 2004 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.14 No.1
Scientific inquiry would provide the gifted with an intellectual framework to integrate the study of science with other disciplines such as mathematics and computer science. We need to teach gifted children to be reflective and to inquire, such that they will be able to inquire after and locate the knowledge they require. By using the Socratic and discussion methods as teaching tools, the process of scientific inquiry can be used to explore and integrate subjects in the curriculum. It requires well trained teachers to implement, teachers who are steeped in the Socratic method of instruction and who possess not only in depth knowledge about one field of inquiry but also have the capacity to make appropriate connections to other disciplines as well. This paper focuses on the use of Socratic inquiry in science lessons. Excerpts of a transcript of a demonstration lesson are included.
독고현 ( Go Hyun Tock ) 韓國世界文學比較學會 2011 世界文學比較硏究 Vol.34 No.-
America``s blues poetry and Korea``s modern sijo shares many things in their basic forms and their development process. To begin with, both of them combine music and poetry. What is especially interesting is that the basic styles of blues and sijo are "3-line & 12-bar style" and "3-line & 12-foot style" respectively. Moreover, both blues poetry and modern sijo started growing significantly in the 1920``s when Langston Hughes and Byung-gi Lee (Karam) actively started their career. In the meantime, blues poetry maintained its original form of blues but adopted variability to contribute to the birth of jazz poetry and hip-hop poetry later on, pushing the boundaries of modern British and American poetry. Modern sijo also accepted variability in its basic framework of sijo and continued to change itself to become the "oldest brother" among Korean literary genres. The basic goal of this research is to compare blues poetry and modern sijo on equal ground. However, it is an undeniable fact that one of them is in a more favorable cultural and literary position due to its political and economic power. In fact, it is not an exaggeration to say that blues is at the center of international popular music. Blues poetry derived from blues has also joined the mainstream so it is no longer a genre enjoyed only by African Americans. On the other hand, the position of modern sijo is rather weak both on the global scene and in Korea, despite the genre``s originality and artistic value accumulated throughout its much longer history. Finding this unfortunate has actually led me to start this research. As in the case of blues, the strong vitality of sijo comes from its "open formal beauty." In other words, blues poetry and modern sijo can change themselves to express the poet``s individuality and the poem``s deeper meaning. In this context, this paper first looks through the blues form and short sijo form and then compares the formal beauty of blues poetry and that of modern sijo. It then goes further to find out what they have in common in terms of their cultural prototypes, to rediscover the value and potential of modern sijo and ultimately, to seek the symbiotic growth of blues poetry and modern sijo.
Manon Daix,Martina Aida Angeles,Federico Migliorelli,Athanasios Kakkos,Carlos Martinez Gomez,Katty Delbecque,Eliane Mery,Stéphanie Tock,Erwan Gabiache,Marjolein Decuypere,Frédéric Goffin,Alejandra Mar 대한부인종양학회 2021 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.32 No.4
Objective: To evaluate the concordance between preoperative European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)-European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO)-European SocieTy for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) risk classification in early-stage endometrial cancer (EC) assessed by biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with this classification based on histology of surgical specimen. Methods: This bicentric retrospective study included women diagnosed with early-stage EC (≤stage II) who had a complete preoperative assessment and underwent a surgical management from January 2011 to December 2018. Patients were preoperatively classified into 3 degrees of risk of lymph node (LN) involvement based on biopsy and MRI. Based on final histological report, patients were re-classified using the preoperative classification. Concordance between the preoperative assessment and definitive histology was calculated with weighted Cohen's kappa coefficient. Results: A total of 333 women were included and kappa coefficient of preoperative risk classification was 0.49. The risk was underestimated and overestimated in 37% and 10% of cases, respectively. Twenty-nine percent of patients had an incomplete LN staging according to the degree of risk of re-classification. The observed discordance in the risk classification was attributed to MRI in 75% of cases, to biopsy in 18% and in 7% to both (p<0.001). Kappa coefficient for concordance was 0.25 for MRI and 0.73 for biopsy. Conclusion: Concordance between preoperative ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO risk classification and final histology is weak. Given that the risk was underestimated in the majority of patients wrongly classified, sentinel LN procedure instead of no LN dissection could be an option offered to preoperative low-risk patients to decrease the indication of second surgery for re- staging and/or to avoid toxicity of adjuvant radiotherapy.