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Association Between MDM2 SNP309 T>G and Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Tian, Xin,Tian, Ye,Ma, Ping,Sui, Cheng-Guang,Meng, Fan-Dong,Li, Yan,Fu, Li-Ye,Jiang, Tao,Wang, Yang,Ji, Fu-Jian,Fang, Xue-Dong,Jiang, You-Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3
Background: As a negative regulator of P53, MDM2 plays an important role in carcinogenesis; a polymorphism in its promoter region. SNP309 T>G, is known to increase the expression of MDM2, thus being considered related to higher susceptibility to neoplasia. However, no agreement has been achieved regarding its effects on gastric cancer. Methods: The present systematic meta-analysis was performed based on comprehensive literature search from Pubmed, Web of science and CBM databases. Results: It was suggested from 6 independent studies that the GG genotype is associated with a significantly increased risk of gastric cancer (Recessive: OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.08-1.91, P = 0.013), and subgroup analysis also confirmed the relationship (English publications-recessive model: OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.10-1.91, P = 0.009; Studies in China-recessive model: OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.08-2.30, P = 0.017). No publication bias was detected. Conclusion: The meta-analysis indicated a significant inverse association between GG genotype carriage and elevated risk of gastric cancer. However, more studies and detailed information are needed to fully address the topic.
Tian, Guang-Yu,Miu, Min,Huang, Xin-En Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.19
Purpose: This systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed-based chemoradiotherapy in treating patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed based regimens on response and safety for relevant patients were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) were calculated. Results: For pemetrexed-based regimens, 4 clinical studies including 47 patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer were considered eligible for inclusion. Systematic analysis showed that, in all patients, the pooled RR was 51% (24/47). Major adverse effects of grade III/IV were esophagitis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia anorexia, fatigue, diarrhea, dysphagia and vomiting. No treatment related death occurred with pemetrexed-based treatment. Conclusion: This systematic analysis suggests that pemetrexed based radiotherapy is associated with reasonable activity and good tolerability in treating patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer.
Review on Interim Measure of International Commercial Arbitration in SFTZ
마광 ( Ma Guang ),전첨 ( Tian Tian ) 제주대학교 법과정책연구소 2017 국제법무 Vol.9 No.1
낮은 원가, 판정의 단심제, 비밀유지 등 장점에 힘입어 국제상사중재는 국제무역과 투자분쟁을 해결함에 있어 주요한 수단으로 되고 있다. 하지만, 중재의 강제력이 약하기에 중재의 진행을 어떻게 보장할지는 중요한 문제로 되며 따라서 잠정조치는 중재에 있어 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 「상해자유무역지역중재규칙」에는 잠정조치제도를 도입하였는데 이는 국제상사중재의 관행에 부합되고 제도혁신과 자유무역지역의 발전을 추진하는데 있어 중요한 의미를 가진다. 하지만, 반면에 자유무역지역의 중재규칙은 아직 보완해야 할 부분이 많은데 규칙의 결여와 애매모호함으로 인하여 향후 실무에서 많은 어려움에 직면하게 될 것이다. 예를 들면, 중재기관이 조치에 대한 결정권이 충분하지 못하고, 이중담보 및 긴급중재기관의 부실 등이다. 때문에, 향후 국제경험을 배우는 한편 자유무역지역의 실천과 결부하여 규칙에 대해 보완해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 국제상사중재에서 잠정조치제도의 함의, 성격, 유형과 역할에 대해 소개하고, 다음 잠정조치의 공포와 집행에 있어 잠정조치제도를 소개하였으며 자유무역지역의 관련 규칙을 외국의 제도와 비교하였다. 마지막으로, 상해자유무역지역 중재규칙 중 잠정조치제도의 구축, 즉 잠정조치제도의 도입으로부터 관련제도의 구축에 대해 논의하였는데, 예를 들면, 잠정조치범위의 확장, 긴급중재기관제도의 도입 및 중재 전 잠정조치제도의 허가 등이다. 또한 자유무역지역의 잠정조치제도의 규칙을 도입함에 있어 많은 어려움과 도전에 직면하게 되는데 예를 들면 중재기관의 잠정결정권이 실현 가능한지, 담보와 관련된 많은 규정의 애매모호 및 긴급중재기관의 연결문제가 있다. With the low cost, the finality and high security, International commercial arbitration has become the main means to solve international trade and investment disputes. However, due to the weak coercion of arbitration, thinking about how to guarantee the conduct of arbitration has become an important issue which affect the validity of arbitration, thus, the interim measures become the irreplaceable key of international commercial arbitration. < The Arbitration Rules of The China (Shanghai) Free Trade Area > set rules about interim measures, which is in line with international practice. In the promotion of institutional innovation and boosting the development of the free trade area is of great significance, but thinking the arbitration rules of the free trade area slightly, due to the lack of regulations and fuzziness, we may face many difficulties in the future, such as ineffective enforcement of decision making, double security and the “nullity” of the emergency tribunal. Therefore, it is necessary to conscientiously learn international experience in the future, combining with the work practices of the FTA, creating a rules based international arbitration system. The article first introduced the meaning, character, type and function of the system of interim measures in international commercial arbitration, and then introduced the system from both the issue and enforces of the interim measures. Also, comparing the rules of interim measures in SFTZ and other areas. Finally, the article discussed the practice of the interim measures in SFTZ, that is, from the introduction of the system to the construction of the relevant extension system, such as the extension of the interim measures, the introduction of the emergency arbitration tribunal system and the permission. In addition, it can not be neglected that many difficulties and challenges will be faced in the construction of FTA arbitration rules, such as implementation of the tribunal`s power of decision, the vagueness of the security and the connection between the emergency tribunal and other institutions.
Amperometric Determination of Nitrite at Poly(Methylene Blue)-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Guang-Ri Xu,Guifang Xu,Ming-Lu Xu,Zhengqing Zhang,Yuan Tian,최한님,이원용 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.2
Electrochemical characteristics of nitrite ion were investigated at a poly(methylene blue)-modified glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The poly(methylene blue)-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited enhanced anodic signals for nitrite. The effects of key parameters on the detection of nitrite were evaluated at the modified electrode, such as pH, accumulation time, and scan rate. Under optimum condition, the chemically modified electrode can detect nitrite in the concentration range 2.0 × 10−6 to 5.0 × 10−4 M with the detection limit of 2.0 × 10−6 M and a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The detection of nitrite using the chemically modified electrode was not affected by common ions such as Na+, K+,Ca2+, Cl−, HPO42− and H2PO4−. The modified electrode showed good stability and reproducibility. The practical application of the present method was successfully applied to the determination of nitrite ion in cabbage samples.
Tian-Fei Lu,Tai-Hua Yang,Cheng-Peng Zhong,Chuan Shen,Wei-Wei Lin,Guang-Xiang Gu,Qiang Xia,Ning Xu 대한면역학회 2018 Immune Network Vol.18 No.3
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major complication in liver transplantation (LT) and it is closely related to the recovery of grafts' function. Researches has verified that both innate and adaptive immune system are involved in the development of IRI and Kupffer cell (KC), the resident macrophages in the liver, play a pivotal role both in triggering and sustaining the sterile inflammation. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), released by the initial dead cell because of the ischemia insult, firstly activate the KC through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll-like receptors. Activated KCs is the dominant players in the IRI as it can secret various pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate the injury and recruit other types of immune cells from the circulation. On the other hand, KCs can also serve in a contrary way to ameliorate IRI by upregulating the anti-inflammatory factors. Moreover, new standpoint has been put forward that KCs and macrophages from the circulation may function in different way to influence the inflammation. Managements towards KCs are expected to be the effective way to improve the IRI.
Plasma Membrane as the Target Site of Cholic Acid Analogs
Tian Hong Zhang,Zhen Qing Zhang,Chun Guang Liu,Jin Xiu Ruan 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.7
Although the mechanism is unknown, Calculus Bovis and its active components, cholic acid analogs (CAAs), have been used in China to treat a wide range of diseases. Based on the previous finding that the potency of CAA is strongly dependent on the intrinsic surface activity, this paper aimed to investigate the role of the plasma membrane in the pharmacological activity of CAAs. First, CAAs (0.1 mM) caused a surface activity-dependent depression on ATPase activity in the cell membrane extract, but it had no effects on other cellular extracts, suggesting an indispensable role of the membrane environment for pharmacological activity. Second, CAAs lowered the membrane fluidity of cultured Caco-2 cells with the same rank-order of potency sequence. Third, the hypothesis that any functional protein located on the membrane is influenced by changes in cellular membrane fluidity was supported by: ileal contraction that was induced by acetylcholine and mediated by the muscarinic receptor (M-receptor) or the relaxation induced by adrenaline and mediated by the β-adrenergic receptor (β-receptor) was inhibited by CAAs. They also had similar rank-order of potency and the effects on the plasma membrane. Collectively, the plasma membrane may be a target for the CAAs to exert the multiple pharmacological effects which are mediated by the alteration of the membrane mobility and the function of integral membrane proteins.
Guang-li Zhang,Tian-yi Sun,Sen Li,Man-xi Jiang,Lei Guo The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2023 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.50 No.1
Objective: This study compared the outcomes of single blastocyst transfer cycles, using day- 5 poor-quality blastocysts and day-6 high-quality blastocysts. Methods: We analyzed 462 frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles performed at our center from January 2014 to December 2019. The cycles were divided into two groups: a day-5 poor-quality blastocyst transfer group (group A) and a day-6 high-quality blastocyst transfer group (group B). The clinical outcomes were tested. Results: In groups A and B, respectively, the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR; 61.65% vs. 67.17%, p=0.258), implantation rate (IR; 61.65% vs. 67.17%, p=0.258), and live birth rate (LBR; 69.51% vs. 77.83%, p=0.134) showed no significant differences. Moreover, when day-3 embryo quality was considered, the CPR, IR, and LBR were also similar in group A and group B (p>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical outcomes of day-5 poor-quality blastocysts and day-6 high-quality blastocysts were similar, suggesting that the developmental speed of the embryo might be more important than embryo quality for the clinical outcomes of single blastocyst transfer in FET cycles.