TR?? LAI L??P T?? "??NG" "B??" "??NH" "CH??" TRONG PH????NG NG?? NAM B??

TI??NG, TR??N V??N 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 1997 외국어교육연구 Vol.- No.11

남부베트남어 방언은 베트남에서 가장 많은 사람들이 쓰는 방언이다. 이방언은 북부방언과 동시에 오늘날 널리 쓰이고 있다. 남부방언의 중심지는 호찌민시이다. 따라서 본논문에서는 호찌민시에서 사용되고 있는 말을 중심으로 남부방언에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 이논문에서 필자는 베트남어 인칭대명사중에서 제3인칭(즉 그이, 그녀)을 중심으로 남부베트남방언에서 독특하게 사용되고 있는 현상에 대해서 고찰하였다. 이들 남부방언에서 제3인칭 단수의 표현에 있어서 두가지 특징을 살펴 볼 수 있다. 첫째 어음(Phonetics)면에서 두음절로 표현되는 3인칭 단수가 주된음의 한음절로 바뀌는 대신 그 성조가 저회성(低回聲, Tow rising tone, thanh ho,i)로 바뀌게 된다. 예를 들면 ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) 그러나, 고회성(高回聲, High rising, thanh sa??c)은 가진단어들, 즉 ba (손위아저씨), chi(삼춘), thim(숙모)등과 같은 말들은 결코 bac, chi, thim 등과 같이 변화하지 않는다. 이것은 남부방언의 발음상 하나의 특징이다. 두 번째로 실용언어학적인 면에서 살펴보는 것이 이 논문의 주된 내용이다. 필자는 3인칭단수를 나타내는 여러 단어들의 사용법에 대해 언급하고자한다. 남부방언에서 말하는 사람이 제3자를 나타낼 때 임의로 위의 도표와 같이 간략하게 표현해서는 안된다는 것이다. 말하는 사람은 다음과 같은 여러 가지 요소를 고려하여 남부방언에서 표현하는 방식을 택해야 한다. 첫째, 말하는 사람과 제3인칭과의 관계 (잘아는 사이인가 그렇지 않은사이 인가) 둘째, 말하는 사람의 제3인칭에 대한 존경의 정도 (말하는 사람이 제3인칭에 대해 존경하는 태도를 갖고 있는가 그렇지 않은가) 셋째, 대화환경(대화가 어디에서 어떤시간에 일어나는가 그리고 기타 다른 부대적인 요인을 갖고 있는가 어떤가) 본인은 위의 여러 가지 상학을 예를 들어 많은 경우에 그 상환에 알맞는 남부방언의 3인칭 단수를 사용하는 방법을 자세히 열거하였다. 인칭대명사의 표현법은 매우 다양하고 복잡하다, 2인칭대명사에 대한 표현은 말할것도 언고 남부방언에서 인칭대명사의 3인칭단수나 복수를 어떻게 그 상황에 맞게 쓰는가는 매우 어려운 문제이다. 따라서 보다 깊은 연구가 앞으로 진행되어야 할 것이다.

Hungarian National Assessment of Critical Skills of 6- to 14-Year-Old in Art

Andrea K?rp?ti 한국조형교육학회 1992 造形敎育 Vol.0 No.8

Applying Machine Learning approaches to predict High-school Student Assessment scores based on high school transcript records

Nguyen Ba Tiến,Hoai-Nam Nguyen,Hoang-Ha Le,Tran Thu Trang,Chau Van Dinh,Ha-Nam Nguyen,Gyoo Seok Choi 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2023 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.15 No.2

A common approach to the problem of predicting student test scores is based on the student's previous educational history. In this study, high school transcripts of about two thousand candidates, who took the High-school Student Assessment (HSA) were collected. The data were estimated through building a regression model - Random Forest and optimizing the model's parameters based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) to predict the HSA scores. The RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) measure of the predictive models was used to evaluate the model’s performance.

Enhancement of Phenolic Compounds Oxidation Using Laccase from Trametes versicolor in a Microreactor

Ana Jurinjak Tušek,Marina Tišma,Valentina Bregovic,Ana Pticar,Želimir Kurtanjek,Bruno Zelic 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.4

Laccases catalyse the oxidation of a wide range of substrates by a radical-catalyzed reaction mechanism,with a corresponding reduction of oxygen to water in a four-electron transfer process. Due to that, laccases are considered environmentally friendly enzymes, and lately there has been great interest in their use for the transformation and degradation of phenolic compounds. In this work, enzymatic oxidation of catechol and L-DOPA using commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor was performed, in continuously operated microreactors. The main focus of this investigation was to develop a new process for phenolic compounds oxidation, by application of microreactors. For a residence time of 72 s and an inlet oxygen concentration of 0.271 mmol/dm3, catechol conversion of 41.3% was achieved, while approximately the same conversion of L-DOPA (45.0%) was achieved for an inlet oxygen concentration of 0.544 mmol/dm3. The efficiency of microreactor usage for phenolic compounds oxidation was confirmed by calculating the oxidation rates;in the case of catechol oxidation, oxidation rates were in the range from 76.101 to 703.935 g/dm3/d (18 - 167 fold higher, compared to the case in a macroreactor). To better describe the proposed process, kinetic parameters of catechol oxidation were estimated, using data collected from experiments performed in a microreactor. The maximum reaction rate estimated in microreactor experiments was two times higher than one estimated using the initial reaction rate method from experiments performed in a cuvette. A mathematical model of the process was developed, and validated, using data from independent experiments.

Wet air oxidation of paracetamol over precious metal/Ti mesh monolith catalyst

Erika Szabados,Gyuri Sági,Ferenc Somodi,Boglárka Maróti,Dávid Srankó,Antal Tungler 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.46 No.-

The catalytic wet oxidation of paracetamol (PAR) was tested with Pt, Ru, Ir containing Ti monolithsmeasuring COD, TOC and TN conversion and compared with that of the non-catalytic reaction. Thedecrease of PAR concentration during reaction was followed by UV–vis spectrometry also. The catalystswere characterized by XPS, PGAA, TPR and SEM-EDX. The monometallic Pt and Ru/Ti catalysts were themost active, even below 150 C. RuO2/Ti had the highest specific activity. After 100 h reaction time the Ptloss was 23%, while the RuO2/Ti kept its Ru content. The RuO2/TiO2 composite formation explains thehighest activity and stability.

Identification of crystal variants in shape-memory alloys using molecular dynamics simulations

Wu, Jo-Fan,Yang, Chia-Wei,Tsou, Nien-Ti,Chen, Chuin-Shan Techno-Press 2017 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.6 No.1

Shape-memory alloys (SMA) have interesting behaviors and important mechanical properties due to the solid-solid phase transformation. These phenomena are dominated by the evolution of microstructures. In recent years, the microstructures in SMAs have been studied extensively and modeled using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, it remains difficult to identify the crystal variants in the simulation results, which consist of large numbers of atoms. In the present work, a method is developed to identify the austenite phase and the monoclinic martensite crystal variants in MD results. The transformation matrix of each lattice is calculated to determine the corresponding crystal variant. Evolution of the volume fraction of the crystal variants and the microstructure in Ni-Ti SMAs under thermal and mechanical boundary conditions are examined. The method is validated by comparing MD-simulated interface normals with theoretical solutions. In addition, the results show that, in certain cases, the interatomic potential used in the current study leads to inconsistent monoclinic lattices compared with crystallographic theory. Thus, a specific modification is applied and the applicability of the potential is discussed.

Identification of crystal variants in shape-memory alloys using molecular dynamics simulations

Wu, Jo-Fan,Yang, Chia-Wei,Tsou, Nien-Ti,Chen, Chuin-Shan 테크노프레스 2016 Multiscale and multiphysics mechanics Vol.1 No.3

Shape-memory alloys (SMA) have interesting behaviors and important mechanical properties due to the solid-solid phase transformation. These phenomena are dominated by the evolution of microstructures. In recent years, the microstructures in SMAs have been studied extensively and modeled using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, it remains difficult to identify the crystal variants in the simulation results, which consist of large numbers of atoms. In the present work, a method is developed to identify the austenite phase and the monoclinic martensite crystal variants in MD results. The transformation matrix of each lattice is calculated to determine the corresponding crystal variant. Evolution of the volume fraction of the crystal variants and the microstructure in Ni-Ti SMAs under thermal and mechanical boundary conditions are examined. The method is validated by comparing MD-simulated interface normals with theoretical solutions. In addition, the results show that, in certain cases, the interatomic potential used in the current study leads to inconsistent monoclinic lattices compared with crystallographic theory. Thus, a specific modification is applied and the applicability of the potential is discussed.

Study on Fault Prediction of Equipments Based on Extension Theory

Ti-chun Wang,Xiao-yi Chen,Shi-sheng Zhong,Yong-jian Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.5

Due to the lack of condition monitoring and health analysis of the equipment in the daily operations, serious accident happened and it caused the incorrect results of fault diagnosis. We propose a method of condition monitoring and fault prediction based on extension theory. The method established a matter element mode to give the formal description of the state of the equipment. It used dependent function to do the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the equipment state. Through the method, we can change the model of maintenance which is always done after fault occurred. We use the method on the example of turbines to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.

Effect of thermal aging on the mechanical, intergranular corrosion and corrosion fatigue properties of Z3CN20.09M cast duplex stainless steel

Ti, Wenxin,Wu, Huanchun,Xue, Fei,Zhang, Guodong,Peng, Qunjia,Fang, Kewei,Wang, Xitao Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.8

The effect of thermal aging at 475 ℃ and 750 ℃ of Z3CN20.09M cast duplex stainless steel (CDSS) on microstructure, mechanical and intergranular corrosion properties were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), nano indenter, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and corrosion fatigue test system. The result indicated that the spinodal decomposition and G precipitated were occurred after aged at 475 ℃, as well as sigma precipitated at 750 ℃. The microstructure degeneration of ferrite was saturated after aged for 2000h and 200 h at 475 ℃ and 750 ℃ respectively. The mechanical properties, intergranular corrosion resistance and corrosion fatigue lives were continuing deteriorated with increasing the aging time at both temperatures. The difference of the degeneration mechanisms of Z3CN20.09M CDSS aged at 475 ℃ and 750 ℃ was analyzed.

Mapping Economic Development: The South Seas Government and Sugar Production in Japan’s South Pacific Mandate, 1919–1941

Ti Ngo 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2012 Cross-Currents Vol.- No.2

Japan acquired the Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Island chains as a League of Nations mandate following World War I. Why did the local administration (the South Seas Government or Nanyōchō) heavily subsidize the establishment of a sugar industry? While the South Seas Government did not explicitly state why it chose to support the sugar industry despite the wealth of oceanic resources surrounding the islands, imperial maps of the South Pacific produced by the Japanese navy and the South Seas Government provide a window into how both parties envisioned and planned for the economic future of the mandate. These maps included information regarding the available natural resources, land, and culture level of the Micronesian population. The author argues that in depicting the islands as spaces where a “primitive” nonagricultural population failed to take advantage of the islands’ resources, mapmakers and officials planned for the mass migration of Japanese labor to the mandate in order to support a newly established sugar industry.