최적 하수도요금 체계 분석

김성태 청주대학교 경영경제연구소 2016 경상논총 Vol.8 No.2

본 논문에서는 원인자부담 원칙과 하수도서비스 총 공급비용 충당의 원칙과 동등한 평균비용 가격책정을 원칙으로 우리나라 최적 하수도요금 체계를 설정하였다. 이러한 원칙하에 7개 광역시 자료를 이용하여 하수도 수요함수와 평균비용함수를 추정하여 최적 하수도요금을 추정하였다. 추정결과, 우리나라 광역시의 최적 하수도요금은 2011년 경상가격으로 675.70원으로 추정되었다. 이는 2011년 7개 광역시 하수도의 평균 요금인 380.87원을 기준으로 77.4%인상하여야 최적 하수도요금에 도달하는 것을 의미한다. 총괄원가인 540.65원을 기준으로 보면 최적하수도요금은 23.3% 높은 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중요한 정책적 시사점으로는 우리나라 하수도요금은 인상되어야 한다는 것이다. 단지 너무 급격한 하수도요금의 인상은 공공요금 인상에 따른 문제점을 극대화하므로 목표연도를 설정한 후 단계적인 인상을 추진하는 것이 바람직할 것이다.

치조골 상실에 따른 상악 치아군 저항중심의 변화에 관한 유한요소해석

성상진,김인태,국윤아,전윤식,김성훈,모성서 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.5

효과적인 교정치료계획의 수립을 위하여 치열군의 저항중심의 위치에 대한 평가는 필수적이다. 이번 연구의 목적은 상악 치열군(4전치, 6전치, 14치아)에서 치조골 손실에 따른 저항중심의 위치변화를 조사해보고자 하였다. 상악 전치열 14개 치아와 치주인대 및 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm 손실된 치조골의 3차원 유한요소 모델을 제작하였고 각 치아군(4전치, 6전치, 14치아)별로 치관부를 협측, 설측호선 및 splint wire로 고정하여 치아군 모델을 제작한 후 상악 중절치의 절단연 중점에서 연장된 splint wire에 4전치와 6전치군에는 200 g, 14치아군에는 400 g의 후방 견인력과 압하력을 적용하여 저항중심의 수직적, 수평적 위치를 분석하였다. 4전치군에서 저항중심의 수직 위치는 치조골 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm 손실에 따라 중절치의 절단연에서 치근방향 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm, 수평 위치는 후방 12 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm, 6전치군에서는 치근방향 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15.5 mm, 후방 14 mm, 14 mm, 14.5 mm, 14치아군에서는 치근방향 11 mm, 13 mm, 14.5 mm, 후방 26.5 mm, 27 mm, 25.5 mm에 위치하였다. 모든 치아군에서 저항중심은 치조골 손실에 따라 치근첨 방향으로 이동하였으나, 치조정과의 거리는 가까워졌고, 4전치군과 6전치군에서 저항중심은 치조골 손실에 따라 후방으로 이동하였으나, 14치아군에서는 치조골 2 mm 손실 시에는 후방으로 이동하였으나, 4 mm 손실 시에는 전방으로 이동하였다. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the center of resistance of the maxillary teeth in relation to alveolar bone loss. Methods: A finite element model, which included the upper dentition and periodontal ligament, was designed according to the amount of bone loss (0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm). The teeth in each group were fixed with buccal and lingual arch wires and splint wires. Retraction and intrusion forces of 200 g for 4 and 6 anterior teeth groups and 400 g for the full dentition group were applied. Results: The centers of resistance were at 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm apical and 12 mm, 12 mm, 12.5 mm posterior in the 4 incisor group; 13.5 mm, 14.5 mm, 15 mm apical and 14 mm, 14 mm, 14.5 mm posterior in the 6 anterior teeth group; and 11 mm, 13 mm, 14.5 mm apical and 26.5 mm, 27 mm, 25.5 mm posterior in the full dentition group respectively according to 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm bone loss. Conclusions: The center of resistance shifted apically and posteriorly as alveolar bone loss increased in 4 and 6 anterior teeth groups. However, in the full dentition group, the center of resistance shifted apically and anteriorly in the 4 mm bone loss model.

血液 및 尿中 水銀濃度의 統計學的인 比較 檢討

김승곤,김태전 서울保健大學 1986 論文集 Vol.6 No.1

金光均과 李箱의 詩,그 對比的 考察 : 意味論的인 視点에서

金相泰 全北大學校 1972 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

항산화제 섭취가 탈진적 운동 시 장딴지근의 GPx 및 GR의 활성에 미치는 영향

정성태,김연수,이왕록,박익렬,강현주 서울대학교 체육연구소 2001 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.22 No.1

The purpose of this present study was to investigate the effect of maximal exercise and a long-term antioxidants supplementation on antioxidant enzyme(GPx and GR) activity of gastrocnemius muscle in rats. Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats(4 weeks old) were used as subjects. The subjects were divided into 4 groups such as, CON(n=6 in control group), NAE(n=6 in non antioxidants exercise group), AC(n=6 in antioxidants control group) or AE(n=6 in antioxidants exercise group). Non-antioxidants group(CON & NAE) fed general food(Samyang, Inc., Korea) for 16 weeks. Antioxidants group(AC & AE) fed the general food and the mixed antioxidants which were consist of vitamin E(200 lu/kg/day), vitamin C(50 mg/rat/day), vitamin B6(250 ug/kg/day), β carotene(300 mg/kg/day) and selenomethionine(0.1 mg/mg/day), The weight of each subject group was weighed 2-3 times per week. After the diet experiment for 16 weeks, exercise groups(NAE & AE) completed acute treadmill running(speed increased gradually to 25 m/min, 15% uphill grade, ∼50±10 min) until exhaustion. Immediately after exhaustive treadmill exercise, all the subjects were sacrificed for the isolation of gastrocnemius. Then, GPx(Glutathione Peroxidase) and GR(Glutathione Reductase) of the gastrocnemlus muscle were assayed. The protein concentration in the muscle and heart was determined by the Lowry method. After finishing the analysis of antioxidant activity, statistical analysis was carried out by two-way ANOVA and independant t-test. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: Maximal exercise increased the GPx and GR activity of gastrocnemius muscle, Further, a long-term antioxidants supplementation more significantly increased the GPx and GR activity of gastrocnemius muscle than those of non-antioxidants group. In conclusion, the present results clearly show that the exhaustive maximal exercise gave rise to increase oxidative stress which led to oxidative damage so that the antioxidant enzyme activity of gastrocnemius muscle were increased. Further, it has been found that the long-term antioxidants supplementation could decrease oxidative stress in the tissues so that the antioxidant enzyme activity of skeletal muscles was more increased.

토양에서 분리된 방선균들에 의한 Rimazol Brilliant Blue R(RBBR) 염료의 탈색에 질소원과 pH가 미치는 영향

김태전,김승곤,윤경하 서울保健大學 1997 論文集 Vol.17 No.1

Many workers had reported that the degradation of lignocellulose and lignin by white rot fungi were significantily correlative with the degradation of phenol or PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydorcarbons) compounds and the decolorization of a various dyes, specially RBBR (Remazol brilliant blue R) and Poly R-478 dyes. but it were not known distinctly that the degradation of these and the decolorization of these by Actinomycetes were related to the degradation of phenol or PAHs compounds, and author had examined in relationship between the degradation of lignocellulose or lignin and the decolorization of RBBR by Actinomycetes isolated in 67 soil samples collected at 8 areas of Korea from February, 1994 to March, 1995. In the experiment, There were selected two strains identified as Streptomyces halstedii scabies SA1-36 and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 which had good correlation between the degradation of lignocellulose or lignin, and it were investigated that the cultural parameters to maximize the decolorization ratios of RBBR by two strains, as the results, Streptomyces halstedii scabies SA1-36 revealed each the highest decolorization ratios with 73.4% in 0.30% glycerin and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14, with 74.1% in 0.25% cellobiose at 30℃ in 20 days of culture. There were used their results as basal data in this study that examined the effects of nitrogen sources and pH to maximize the decolorization ratios of RBBR. It were summarized as following that the results examined the effects of nitrogen sources and pH to maximize the decolorization ratios of RBBR by two strains. 1) It were the highest each as 75.7% in casein and 75.7% in yeast extract that the dicolorization ratios of RBBR by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SA1-36 and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 strains according to nitrogen sources(0.l%). 2) It were the highest each as 76.8% in 0.1% casein and 78.3% in yeast extract that the decolorization ratios of RBBR by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SA1-36 and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 strains according to the concentrations of casein and yeast extract. 3) It were the highest each as 76.8% in pH 7.6 and 79.4% in pH 6.6 that the decolorization ratios of RBBR according to pH by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SA1-36 and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 strains. In the above results, we could knowe that it were each different as well as carbon sources that nitrogen sources and pH required between Streptomyces halstedii scabies SAl-36 and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2- 14 strains. and organic nitrogens influence more than inorganic nitrogens to decolorize RBBR dye and nitrogen sources and pH influence lower than carbon sources to decolorize RBBR dye. What`s more, we could knowe that it were very important to use newly formuliged optimal basal media maximize decolorization ratios of RBBR dye by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SAl-36 and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 strains.

당뇨병환자에서 게이트심장혈액풀신티그라피를 이용한 심기능 평가

윤상임,송치운,이진홍,안미애,성기양,송민호,이강욱,신영태,김영건,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2

Major cardiovascular complications of diabetes are coronary atherosclerosis, diabetic dilated cardiomyopathy, autonomic neuropathy and those are major causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Gated blood pool heart scan is noninvasive and useful method for evaluation of functional status of heart in diabetics. We evaluated 52 patients with diabetes and divided 3 groups. Group 1 were 11 patients without proteinuria or with proteinuria less than 550mng during 24 hours. Group 2 were 9 patients with proteinuria more than 550mg during 24 hours and group 3 were 32 patients with endstage renal diasese due to diabetes. We performed 99mTc-HSA cardiac gated blood pool scan and used left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), peak ejection rate(PEF) to indices of LV systolic function and peak filling rate(PER) to index of LV diastolic function. The results were follows : 1) LVEF, PER were significantly lower in diabetics with ESRD than diabetics without ESRD, but there were no significant difference between normal controls and diabetics without ESRD 2) PFR was significantly lower in diabetics than normal controls, but there were no significant differences in diabetics with or without nephropathy. 3) There were negative correlation between PER, PFR and duration of diabetes. On the basis of results, PFR is a LV functional index of GBPS which can disclose early change of LV dysfunction in patients with diabetes.

韓國美容産業의 現況과 專門美容學徒의 健康增進 行態에 관한 關聯要因分析

조성태 광주보건대학 1998 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

From March 1, 1998 through May 31, this questionnaire was made by 242 students who specialized in department of beauty related. It was for helping to devise a policy and to develop a program for student's health promotion by understanding the consciousness behavior level of student in our country and the related factors which are under the influene are as follows; 1. In health promotion score level by related factors, the health diagnosis level was 7.37(81.9/100) of the perfect score 9, nutrition level was 7.00(77.8/100), health education behavior level was 6.00(66.7/100), exercise behavior level was 6.01(66.8/100), health knowledge level was 6.00(66.7/100). 2. Health diagnosis behavior level was significantly high when age is older, when the economic status is better. And when satisfied degree for vocational aptitude, educational environment, and the education contents. 3. Nutrition (dietary habit) status level was high in the age group of 26 over, in the upper economic classes(P<0.001). 4. Health education behavior level was high in the older group(P<0.001). Exercise behavior level was high in the better economic classes(P<0.01). 5. Knowledge level on health was high in the older age group, in the group of having a spouse, and in the residents living not in a large city(P<0.01). 6. When health status was higher, health promotion behavior, behavior level, health diagnosis(P<0.001), nutrition(P<0.05), health education behavior(P<0.05). exercise behavior(P<0.01) and the knowledge level on health was high. 7. The main factors which are under the influence on the degree of practicing healthy life were the level of knowledge and behaivor, health status, and the satisfied degree of educational environment. These variables could explain it 18.0% 8. The factors which are under the influence on health promotion behavior and behavior levels were the variables of the satisfied degree of education contents, health knowledge, economic status, health status. These variables could explain it 21.3%. By these results, it is important for student's health promotion to level up the health diagnosis behavior, dietary habit considering nutrition, behavior on health education, behaivor for exercise, and knowledge on health. Especially we should develop the proper program considered health status, satisfied degree of working environment and education contents, knowledge on health, and behavior level. Key word : Health Promotion, Behaivor, Health diagnosis.

迎日灣의 ECOSYSTEM 硏究 2. 기후적 要因 : 氣溫, 日射量, 증발량, 바람, 강우량

朴相來,金基台,崔銀珠,李東澈,安由煥,尹伊鏞 嶺南大 海洋科學硏究所 1988 Marine Nature Vol.1 No.1

In order to understand phytoplankton ecology in the Gulf of Yeong-il, climatic factors such as air-temperature, solar-radiation, evaporation, direction and strength of winds, and precipitation are studied from January 1982 to December 1985. Annual average of air-temperature during the four-years period is about 13.6C, ranging from 1.7C (January) to 26.5C (August). The maximum value of solarradiation is measured in spring (520MJm²in May), the minimun : in winter (62 MJm²in December, January or February), and the total annual value : about 4987MJm². Annual average of evaporation is about 1200mm (Maximum: 169 in May : Minimun: 56 in February), close to precipitation (about 1050mm). Annual average of strength of "North Winds" (350°-90°)is about 550m·sec for 156 frequences during 191 days, "West Winds" (170°-340°) : 511m·sec¹for 185 frequences during 148 days, and "South Winds" (100°-160°) about 61m·sec¹for frequences during 24 days. "N" winds is about 30% more violant than "W" winds, but both winds are influential in terms of water movements in the Gulf.

입체조형 교육 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구

변상태 홍익대학교 산업디자인 연구소 1999 미술디자인 논문집 Vol.- No.4

3 Dimensional forming design is very important educational course in Design education. Forming is expressed in 3 Dimensional space by various elements such as lines, shapes. Surface, structure, colors etc. "Performance of making Shape"is Forming itself, Designers should observe carefully an object, experience with materials and then the ability of artistic expression can be brought up. To avoid from fixed ideas and imitation, New approach for discovery of morphological sensibility, materials, and function can help to form these purpose of 3D forming design training 1: Recreate image of form that distinctly translate image of product. 2: Understand of materials and characteristics of materials and Training should have experience for implication of good functionality. 3: Start from understanding of From and Technology must coexist in form and Creating rather than just Making one. This report studied approaching form training as method for entrance level of Product Design. This suggested method could get the good result from experimental education program for students of hongik univ. Industrial design dept. So more new form study training program should establish in future.