암환자가 지각한 사회적지지, 희망과 삶의 질과의 관계

태영숙,강은실,이명화,박금자 고신대학교 전인간호과학연구소 2002 전인간호과학연구 학술모음집 Vol.- No.-

The Relationship among Percieved Social Support, Hope and Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Tae, Young Sook. Kong, Eun Sil. Lee, Myung Hwa. Park, Geum Ja The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among percieved social support, hope and Quality of life of the cancer patients and to gain the baseline data for development of nursing intervention program for promoting quality of life in cancer patients. The design of this study was a cross sectional correlational survey. The subjects were 220 out and in-cancer patients in 5 general hospitals in Pusan The data were collected from July 2 to August 1,2001. The instruments were the Percieved social support scale(16 items, 5 point scale) had developed by Tae(1986), Hope scale(12 items, 4point scale) developed by Nowotny(1989) and Quality of life scale(31 items, 10 point scale) developed by Tae et. al(2000). The data was analyzed by the SPSS/PC+ program using frequency & percentage, item mean & standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA & Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of this study was as follows : 1) The item mean score of quality of life was 6.05±1.16 (range 0-10) .The heighest score of subarea of the quality of life was the spiritual wellbeing area (7.09±1.63) and the lowest score was social wellbeing area(5.53±1.65). The mean score of perceived social support was 52.65±10.32 (최고 1, 최저 80). The mean score of family support was32.71±6.66 (range 1- 40) and the mean score of medical team support was 19.93±5.95 (range 1- 40). The mean score of Hope was 37.02±5.64 (range 1-48). 2) There were statistically significant difference in the score of quality of life according to the life effect of religion (F=3.97, p=0.00), treatment method(F=2.94, p=0.01), area of diagnosis (F=3.48, p=0.01), stage of disease (F=13.74, p= 0.00). 3) There was significant correlation between perceived social support(r=0.44, p= 0.000 ; family support: r=0.334, p=0.000, medical support; r=0.395, p=0.000), hope(r=0.563, p= 0.000) and quality of life. In conclusion, there was a significant relationship among perceived social support, hope and quality of life. Therefore perceived social support, hope intervention programs should be developed to improve the quality of life in cancer patients.

콘크리트 포장의 플라이애쉬 재활용 방안연구

정영화,최성용,윤경구,용석응,김태경 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

한국 대부분의 고속도로는 콘크리트로 포장되고 있으며, 플라이애쉬를 포장용 콘크리트에서 재활용하면 콘크리트의 성능을 향상시킴과 동시에 경제적 이익과 환경보호에 큰 기여를 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 플라이애쉬를 포장 콘크리트에 재활용하고자, 플라이애쉬 치환율, 물-시멘트비, 굵은골재 최대치수를 주요실험 변수로 하여 이들이 플라이애쉬를 혼입한 포장용 콘크리트의 역학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 살피기 위해서 실험하여 통계처리 분석하였다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 포장 콘크리트의 적정배합을 제시하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 플라이애쉬를 혼입한 포장콘크리트의 휨강도에 영향을 미치는 인자는 플라이애쉬 치환율이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 다음으로 굵은골재 최대치수와 물-시멘트비 순으로 영향을 미친다. 또한, 플라이애쉬 치환율과 굵은골재 최대치수의 상관관계가 가장 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 목표압축강도를 목표 휨강도의 6배로 선택하여 적정구간을 결정하였으나, 적정배합구간이 목표압축강도에 의해서 결정되었다. 이는 플라이애쉬의 작은 수화물이 공극을 효과적으로 채움으로써 휨강도의 증진에 크게 기여하기 때문으로 판단된다. 고속도로 포장에 적용할 수 있는 32mm의 굵은골재 최대치수와 45%의 물-시멘트비를 사용하는 목표 휨강도 45kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 5.0%까지 플라이애쉬를 치환 가능하고, 50kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 2.5%까지 치환 가능하다. 공항 포장에 적용할 수 있는 40mm의 굵은골재 최대치수와 37%의 물-시멘트비를 사용하는 목표 휨강도 45kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 4.5%까지 플라이애쉬를 치환 가능하고, 50kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 2.0%까지 치환 가능하다. The most of highway in Korea have been paved by concrete since last ten years. The recycling of fly ash in pavement concrete may result in economics, the improvement of concrete quality and the reservation of environment. This paper focused on the series of experiment and statistics analysis with experimental variables such as fly ash substitute ratio, water-cement ratio and maximum size of coarse aggregate in order to investigate the feasibility of recycling of fly ash in pavement concrete, to see the strength characteristics and t propose the optimum mix design based on previous results. The results of experiments and analysis were follows; The fly ash substitute ratio affected most seriously to the flexural strength of concrete among main variables, followed by maximum size of coarse aggregate and water-cement ratio. The interaction between fly ash substitute ratio and coarse aggregate size was the biggest. The optimum mix design was determined by target compressive, which was selected as 6 times of flexural strength. This indicated that the small hydrate of fly ash in concrete filled in effectively and resulted in the enhancement of flexural strength. the optimum mix design for highway pavement concrete with 32mm of maximum size of coarse aggregate and 45% of W/C can incorporate up to 5.0% and 2.5% of fly-ash at 45 kg/cm² and 50 kg/cm² of target flexural strength, respectively. The optimum mix design for airport pavement concrete with 40mm of maximum size of coarse aggregate and 37% of W/C can incorporate up to 4.5% and 2.0% of fly ash at 45 kg/cm² and 50 kg/cm² of target flexural strength, respectively.

넘어짐 방지를 위한 생체역학적 반응

태기식,신화경 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

Dynamic postural control varies with the environmental context, specific task and intentions of the subject. In this paper, dynamic postural responses against forward and backward perturbations were experimentally determined using motion analysis system, electromyography and accelerometers. Ten young healthy volunteers, stood on a flat platform, were translated in forward and backward directions by an AC servo-motor. Joint angles, ground reaction forces(GRFs), electromyography and acceleration patterns at the heel and the sacrum were measured. The results based on the given perturbation showed that the dynamic postural balance recovery against forward-backward perturbations is achieved in the process of the ankle, the knee and then the hip. Joint flexion is important in the balance recovery against the forward perturbation, but joint extension is important against the backward perturbation. These responses depends on the magnitude and timing of the perturbation. From the present study the accelerometry-system appears to be a promising tool for understanding kinematic accelerative in response to a transient platform perturbation.

결핵성 수막염 환자의 뇌척수액에서 결핵균 30-kDa항원에 대한 항체반응

백태현,박재하,김화중,조은경,최대경 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.1

Rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculous meningitis are urgently needed because delayed treatment increase the already high mortality rate of this disease. In this study, the 30-kDa protein antigen that purified from the unheated culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis H_37Rv was examined for its diagnostic usefulness in detecting mycobacterial antibody in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) by the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and Western blot. The mean ELISA values of IgG antibody activity to 30-kDa antigen in CSF of 12 patients with tuberculous meningitis and 17 non tuberculous patients were 0.479±0.245 and 0.051±0.024, and for the IgM antibody, were 0.375±0.223 and 0.065±0.039, respectibely. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 94% for IgG antibody, and 75% and 94% for IgM antibody, respectively. Western blot analysis was the same as that results of ELISA. In the positive determination, however, Western blot could be easily determined by the demonstration of distinct band of 30-kDa molecule. From the above results, it is suggested that the 30-kDa antigen is useful for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, and Western blot shows promise as a useful immunological method for the diagnosis.

衛星都市의 연구(I) : 그 이론적 접근 A Theoretical Approach

朴泰和 慶北大學校 師範大學 1985 敎育硏究誌 Vol.27 No.-

As a result of the recent rapid urbanization, the study on satellite city has became an important part of urban Geography. The concept of satellite city however is different among geographers and in accordance with the times. The intent of this study is to give the definition of the satellite city and to clarify the nature of it by analyzing precedent literatures on it. This study views the satellite city as an factor of the metropolitan area and emphasizes the relationship between the mother city and the satellite city. The summary of this study, in particular the concept, the development and the nature of the satellite city, is as follows: (1) At an early stage, the satellite city was an ideally designed city with enclosed by greenbelt and self-contained by the local industry. After World War Ⅱ, the satellite city was transformed to integrally planned city with the residential function dominant and economic dependency on the mother city. Recently, the satellite city has in some degree developed to be the productive city with the industrial function dominant and economic independence from the mother city. (2) The satellite city appeared when railway became the popular transport in western countries in the 1870's and in Japan in the 1920's, particularly in Japan, the development of the city was accelerated by the great earthquake in Tokyo in 1923. The satellite city has been a product of spatial expansion and functional specialization of metropolitan area, which has been due to overpopulation, steep rise of land price, administrative control of the metropolis. (3) The satellite city, in early times, had ideally designed spatial structure such as in the Howard's garden city with optimum population and a balanced functional arrangement. But most satellite cities, since World War Ⅱ, were transformed from existing towns and developed from newly built cities the metropolitan area, which absorbed the overspilt population from the mother city. Most of these satellite cities were located within 30km circle from the mother city, with the population of less than 100, 000 composed of a social group of middle-class families. The satellie cities, since 1960's have been developed by the decentralization of factories from the mother city. The spatial distribution of satellite cities expanded up to outwardly 50km from the mother city, with the maximun population of 250,000, having a tendency of increase in blue class families. In conclusion, the satellite city may be defined as follows: it is located within a metropolitan area, tending to expand outwardly, which has populations ranging from 20,000 to 250,000, most of whom is composed of a homogeneous social group. It is closely associated as a dependent city with the mother city, and is a productive city that supports to some extent its peaple economically.

Extracellular Proteinase를 생산하는 효모의 분리동정과 효소의 생산

김창화,이태형,유춘발,진익렬 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

토양 및 농업용수와 하수 등으로부터 분리한 237주의 효모를 대상으로 단백질 분해력이 있는 효모 13주를 분리한 후, 알카리 조건에서 활성이 우수한 효모 TH65의 형태학적 및 생리생화학적 특성을 조사하고, 그 결과를 Saccharomycopsis lipolytica KCCM 12495 및 S. lipolytica KCCM 35426와 비교한 바, 발효성이 없고 대부분의 당류와 nitrate를 이용하지 못하는 등 대조 균주와 거의 동일한 특성을 보임에 따라 분리균주를 Yarrowia lipolytica TH65로 동정하였다. 분리효모의 protease 생산성을 조사한 결과, 탄소원으로는 glycerol과 glucose가 좋았고, glucose 농도는 0.5%가 적당하였다. 질소원으로는 0.6% skim milk에서 가장 많은 효소가 유도되었고, 아미노산에 의한 영향을 조사한 결과는 cysteine, cystine 및 tryptophane에 의해 효소 생산성이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. Yeast extract 농도의 영향을 조사한 결과는 0.1~0.5%에서 양호하였으나, 첨가된 대부분의 무기염과 인산염은 효소생산성을 증가시키지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 배양초기 pH는 9~11에서 가장 좋았고, 배양온도는 18℃에서 가장 좋았으며, 배양시간에 따른 효소생산성은 36시간에서 최고치를 나타내었다. A yeast strain TH65 producing a high level of proteinase under alkaline condition was isolated, and identified as Yarrowia lipolytica by morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. In proteinase productivity, glycerol and glucose among tested carbon sources were very effective, and optimum concentration of glucose was 0.5%. Skim milk was found to be most effective nitrogen source in productivity, and its optimum concentration was 0.6%. But, cysteine, cystine and tryptophane decreased the proteinase productivity. Yeast extract was relatively effective at the range of 0.1~0.5%. The yeast showed maximum production of proteinase at 18℃, pH 9~11, and cultivation time of 36 hours.

여성 청각 ·언어장애인의 취업욕구에 관한 조사 연구 : 부산 ·경남지역을 중심으로

김기태,박병현,서화정 釜山大學校 社會福祉硏究所 1999 社會福祉硏究 Vol.9 No.-

코클리어 메카닉스의 신경동조모델

백승화,유선국,윤태성 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.2

A neural tuning model is analyzed which is based on the phenomena for basilar membrane motion, and the responses of tuning curves. By assuming the cochlear fluied is incompressible and non-viscous, a pair of second order differential equations for basilar membrane motion is solved and the neural tuning response for hair cell excitation is analyzed by linearly combining the pressure across the basilar membrane with its displacement. The sharply tuning filter mechanism with different characteristic place being sensitive to different characteristic frequency is obtained. The differences between the mechanical properties for basilar membrane and the neural tuning reponses are explained.

결핵균 단세포군항체에 의한 항산균항원의 면역화학적 분석에 관한 연구

최대경,백태현,박정규,김화중 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1991 생물공학연구지 Vol.1 No.-

β-antigen is one of the major protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We purified reference β-antigen from the unheated culture filtrate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by serial ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 column and preparative polyacryamide gel electrophoresis. Nine monoclonal antibodies against β-antigen were produced by hybridoma technique. The nine monoclonal antibodies were divided into two groups according to their reaction patterns on Western blots. Four monoclonal antibodies(group Ⅰ) reacted with two major bands of 83 and 52 kDa, and two minor bands of 110 and 56 kDa molecules while the other five monoclonal antibodies(group Ⅱ) reacted with a major band of 83 kDa and a minor and of 110 kDa molecule. The interspecies reactivities of nine monoclonal antibodies on the sonicated antigens from 21 species of mycobacteria were also examined by dot blots. Two monoclonal antibodies, designated 4G5E10(group Ⅰ) and 5F3F2(group Ⅱ), showed a specificity restricted to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. β-antigien from the cell extract of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was purified by affinity chromatography with 5F3F2 monoclonal antibody and checked its molecular characterization. Affinity purified β-antigen showed two distinct bands of 83 and 52 kDa molecules on SDS-PAGE. These results indicating that β-antigen is a associated protein with molecular weights of 83 and 52 kDa, and contains at least two different specific epitopes for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex on β- antigen molecules. Affinity purified and reference β- antigens were applied for its potential diagnostic utility for determination of LgG antibody in the cerebrospinal fluids and sera of tuberculosis patients by ELISA. The mean ELISA values of IgG antibody activities to affinity purified β-antigen at the CSF dilution of 1 : 5 were 0.866±0.607 in 12 patients with tuberculous meningitis and 0.058±0.040 in 24 controls(P<0.001). The mean ELISA values of IgG antibody activities to reference β-antigen at the serum dilution of 1 : 100 were 0.861±0.350 in 97 patients with minimal tuberculosis, 1.052±0.443 in 51 patients with moderately advanced, 1.381±0.396 in 49 patients with far advanced and 0.454±0.248 in 138 controls(P<0.01). An indirect sandwich ELISA using specific biotinylated 5F3F2 monoclonal antibody as tracer was designed to detect β-antigen in the culture filtrate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and sputum samples from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The detection limit of indirect sandwich ELISA was 0.1㎍ culture filtrate/㎖. The mean ELISA values of β-antigen reactivities in sputum samples from 52 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 25 controls were 0.766±0.404 and 0.453±0.133(not significant).

면역친화 크로마토그라피법에 의한 결핵균 알파항원의 정제와 폐결핵 환자에서 결핵균 항체의 측정에 관한 연구

김화중,백태현,박정규,최대경 충남대학교부설 생명공학연구소 1991 생물공학연구지 Vol.1 No.-

In order to purified alpha antigen, one of the major protein antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, anti-α serum was obtained from rabbit immunized with alpha-antigen purified from the unheated culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis by ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydroxylapatite chromatography, gel filtration and preparative natural-PAGE. From the culture filtrate concentrated by ultrafiltration, alpha antigen was purified by affinity chromatography using the anti-alpha serum and checked its molecular characterization by SDS-PAGE. For the determination of antibody activities to affinity purified alpha antigen in the IgG, IgM and IgA class in sera from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, ELISA was performed on 48 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 102 healthy controls. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The immunoaffinity purification resulted in recovery of 35% the alpha antigen and achieved 4.9-fold purification in Ouchterlony immunodiffusion titer. The purified alpha antigen showed a distinct alpha antigen band of 30 KDa molecule and another contaminated band of 32 KDa molecule on SDS-PAGE. 2. The mean ELISA values of antibody activites to affinity purified alpha antigen in sera of 13 patients with minimal tuberculosis, 26 patients with moderately advanced, 9 patients with far advanced and 102 controls were the following:(1) the IgG activity of each groups were 0.7514±0.3934, 0.7163±0.3452, 1.0621±0.4301 and 0.3138±0.1068, respectively, (2) the IgM ac-tivity were 0.5410±0.2375, 0.6083±0.2998, 0.6656±0.3442 and 0.4981±0.2118(not signifi-cant), respectively, (3) the IgA activity were 0.1210±0.0691, 0.1685±0.1396, 0.2681±0.1544 and 0.0716±0.0860. The significant difference were observed in the value of IgG and IgA an-tibody. 3. When antibody activities of AFB positive group and AFB negative were compared to those of control, the significant difference were observed in the value of IgG and IgA antibody but was not observed in value of IgM antibody. 4. According to the F value of analysis of variance, the activity level IgG antibody was more significant difference than that of IgA antibody.