The Impact of Nominal Effective Exchange Rate on Output and Inflation in Korea

Tadesse Zenebe Lema,Tae Hwan Yoo(유태환) 한국산업경제학회 2014 산업경제연구 Vol.27 No.4

본 연구는 자유변동환율제도 도입 이후 명목실질환율의 변화가 한국의 산업생산과 소비자 물가에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 있다. 분석기간은 1998년 1월부터 2013년 6월까지이며, 시계열 변수들의 공적분관계에 따라 다변수 벡터오차수정모형을 활용했다. 분석 결과 한국의 명목실질환율은 산업생산에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향을 주는 반면, 인플레이션에는 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 그랜저 인과관계 검정에서도 환율과 산업생산 간에는 양방향 인과관계가 존재했지만, 환율과 인플레이션 간에는 특별한 인과관계가 존재하지 않는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이 결과는 충격반응함수분석에서도 동일했다. 또한 다변수 벡터오차수정모형의 강건성 확인을 위하여 통화량과 무역수지를 설명변수로 추가한 확장모형을 구축하여 실증분석을 수행한 결과, 확장모형에서도 기본모형의 분석결과는 크게 달라지지 않았다. 결론적으로 먼델-플레밍 모형이나 케인지안의 주장과 같이 한국경제는 자유변동환율제도를 실시한 이후 환율의 평가절하가 물가에 미치는 영향은 미미한 상태에서 산업생산의 확대(평가절하의 확장효과)를 경험하고 있음을 확인했다. This study investigates the impact of the nominal effective exchange rate on output and inflation under the free floating exchange rate regime in Korea. To achieve this research objective, a vector error correction model is applied to data from the January 1998 to June 2013. The results of vector error correction model analysis show that the nominal effective exchange rate has a positive and significant impact on output in Korea, but that it has an insignificant impact on inflation. The results of a Granger causality test also suggest that a bi-directional causality exists between the exchange rate and output, but that causality does not exist between the exchange rate and inflation. Finally, the results of a robustness test which is executed by adding regressors provide that the regression coefficient estimates remain effective and significant. Thus, we can say that the Korean economy has benefited from an expansion in output owing to exchange rate depreciation, which has had a comparatively lesser impact on inflation under the free floating exchange rate regime.

Investigating Electrical Properties of Cement Mortar by Fine Aggregate Replacement of Silicon-Carbide

Tadesse Natoli Abebe(타데세 나톨리),Bae, Jae-Hyun(배재현),Kim, Kyeongwoo(김경우),Kim, Hong Gi(김홍기),Ryou, Jae-Suk(류재석) 한국콘크리트학회 2022 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.34 No.2

Synergistic Effect of Silicon Carbide and Graphite based Cement Mortar for Structural Health Monitoring Application

Tadesse, Natoli Abebe(타데세 나톨리 아베베),Park, Kyu Tae(박규태),Woo, Byeong-Hun(우병훈),Kim, Hong Gi(김홍기),Ryou, Jae-Suk(류재석) 한국콘크리트학회 2023 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.35 No.2

Flock composition, breeding strategies and farmers’ traits of interest evaluation of Wollo highland sheep and their F₁ crosses

( Tadesse Amare ),( Gebeyehu Goshu ),( Berhan Tamir ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2018 한국축산학회지 Vol.60 No.5

Background: Sheep production is a major component of the livestock sector in Ethiopia. The country owing to the large population of 30.70 million estimated numbers of sheep in the country and out of which about 72.14% are females, and 27.86% are males with diverse genetic resources. The real value of indigenous breeds was often under-estimated mostly due to their poor appearance and relatively low productivity. Developing countries in most cases opt for exotic breeds to increase animal productivity through crossbreeding or breed substitution without properly investigating the production potential of the indigenous breeds. The main objective of the research was to identify sheep flock composition and structure, farmers’ traits of interest and breeding objective of Wollo highland sheep, and their F₁ crossbreed progenies. Results: Smallholder farmers’ flock synthesized from breeding ewes, breeding rams, pre-weaned ewe lambs, pre-weaned ram lambs, unproductive ewes, castrated and fattened rams, with the percentage coverage of 29.2, 13.3, 15.5, 16.5, 12.4, and 12.5%, respectively. The maximum number of flock size was 289.0 sheep per flock and higher in the third stratum. The off-take rate percentage of the three strata presented as 21.9% in 1st stratum, 12% in the 2nd stratum, and 16.4% in the 3rd stratum and higher off-take rate recorded in the first stratum. Sheep producer’s traits of interest ranked by growth rate (first), body size (second) and marketing value was third rank. Communal breeding (random mating), village based controlled breeding, mixed type and private ram controlled breeding practice were comprised of 39.7, 61.7, 52 and 71.3%, respectively. The percentages of ewes per flock composition were presented as 36.5, 27.1 and 25.5%, respectively in the 3rd stratum, 2nd stratum and 3rd stratum in the order of their importance’s. Conclusion: Genetic improvement practices at smallholder sheep producers situation was showing promising outcome with indigenous Washera F₁ crossbred lambs and which designated for weaning rate, body size, marketing age, age at first lambing, good temperament and large litter size in the order of their rank. The contemporary breeding practice tendency indicated that, reduced flock size to improve flock productivity via crossbreeding practices.

Effects of some integrated management options on parthenium interference in sorghum

Tadesse, Besufekad,Das, Tapas K.,Yaduraju, Nanjapur T. The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2010 Weed Biology and Management Vol.10 No.3

Parthenium is widely distributed across the uncropped areas of the tropics. It has slowly encroached into many crops and causes considerable yield loss. It heavily infests sorghum, which is widely cultivated by the resource-poor farmers in Africa and Asia. Its interference and management in sorghum in these cropping systems is not well understood. Therefore, this experiment was undertaken to determine the appropriate parthenium management techniques to use in sorghum crops. All the studied weeds, in combination with parthenium, offered greater competition to sorghum than parthenium alone. Similarly, under a composite stand of weeds, parthenium was inferior in competitiveness to the other weeds until 60 days after sowing (DAS); by 90 DAS, it could accumulate a higher dry weight due to its consistent growth. A pre-emergence treatment of atrazine (0.75 $kg\;ha^{-1}$) with wheat straw mulch (5.0 $t\;ha^{-1}$) brought about a consistent and significant reduction in the parthenium growth and, consequently, increased the sorghum yield by 90.8%. Cowpea intercropping with and without pendimethalin (1.0 $kg\;ha^{-1}$) as a pre-emergence treatment could not control parthenium between 0 and 60 DAS, but could reduce the parthenium growth during the later period of 60.90 DAS, which resulted in a significant increase in sorghum growth.These intercropping treatments increased the sorghum grain yield by 156.2% and 142.4%, respectively, over the unweeded control and by 18.5% and 12.1%, respectively, over the weed-free control. These treatments also promoted a higher uptake of N, P, and K by the sorghum crop. Thus, cowpea intercropping was the most effective method for parthenium management vis-$\grave{a}$-vis sorghum yield improvement, followed by cowpea intercropping with pendimethalin and then by atrazine as a pre-emergence treatment with wheat straw mulch.

Exploring the Effect of Seawater on the Phase Assemblage of Hydrated Cement Paste

Tadesse D. Moges(타데세 모게스),Park, Solmoi(박솔뫼) 한국콘크리트학회 2023 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.35 No.2

해수 노출에 의한 포틀랜드 시멘트, CAC 및 CSA 시멘트 수화물의 상변이에 관한 연구

타데세모게스 ( Tadesse D. Moges ),박솔뫼 ( Solmoi Park ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2023 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.27 No.1

Seawater exposure of offshore structures causes changes that could affect the service life of concrete. This study investigates the effect of seawater exposure in hydrated PC, CAC, and CSA cement paste. Crushed samples of PC, CAC, and CSA cement paste were immersed in seawater solution and the phase assemblage was compared with a reference sample after being characterized with TGA and XRD.

Occupational exposure to sharps injury among healthcare providers in Ethiopia regional hospitals

Nigussie Tadesse Sharew,Getaneh Baye Mulu,Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold,Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew 대한직업환경의학회 2017 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Background: Sharps injury is a penetrating stab wound from a needle, scalpel, or another sharp object that may result in exposure to blood or other body fluids. According to World Health Organization pooled estimate, the annual incidence of sharps injury in Africa was ranged from 2.10 to 4.68 per person per year, but research data in Ethiopia is limited. The aim of the study was to investigate sharps injury prevalence and associated risk factors. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 healthcare providers (HCP) in Northeast Ethiopia. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to select HCP. Sharps injury during the last 12 months was an outcome variable whereas demographic characteristics, behavioral attributes, and job environment characteristics were independent variables. Data was collected from April to May 2016 using self-administered questionnaire; which was adapted from World Health Organization best practices for injections and related procedures toolkit. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify sharps injury associated risk factors. Epi Info version 3.5.1 software package was used for data coding and entry whereas Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software package was used for analysis. Results: In total, 195 HCP participated with a response rate of 97.5%. The prevalence of sharps injury was 32.8%. Following adjustment for covariates, lack of in-service job training and previous exposure to sharps injury were statistically significant risk factors for sharps injury. HCP who had no in-service job training were 4.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who had in-service job training (p < 0.001, OR = 4.7, 95% CI = 2.05–10.56). HCP who had previous exposure to sharps injury were 3.7 times more likely sustained sharps injury compared with those who were not exposed (p-value = 0.002, OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.62–8.27). Conclusions: This study revealed 32.8% or at least three out of ten HCP exposed to sharps injury. This was found statistically significant among HCP who had no in-service job training and who had previous exposure to sharps injury. Thus, training HCP perhaps increase their skill and curiosity to reduce exposure to sharps injury.

Photocatalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol using effective hole scavenger over novel Mg-doped Zn(O,S) nanoparticles

Fekadu Tadesse Bekena,Hairus Abdullah,Dong-Hau Kuo,Misganaw Alemu Zeleke 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.78 No.-

Novel Mg-doped Zn(O,S) nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical precipitation process at 90 C andthe prepared nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, XPS, UV–vis, DRS, PL, EIS, andphotocurrent response. The photocatalytic reduction for the 4-nitrophenol using Na2SO3 under UV lightirradiation showed that Mg–Zn(O,S)-2.5 exhibited higher activity compared with other samples. 96.7% of4-nitrophenolate ion reduced into 4-aminophenol within 45 min. Mg–Zn(O,S)-2.5 was also testedfor hydrogen evolution, where the rates of 1035 mmol/g for the 4-NP-free sample and 705 mmol/g for the4-NP-added one were achieved. Finally, the stability and reaction mechanism was mentioned.

The Mediating Effect of Socioclutural Adaptation in the Relationship between Interculrural Sensitivity and College Adjustment of African Students in Korea

Beshah Tadesse Wegderess,안권순,Baroi Prince,Kottage Iresha Darshani,Afful George Frimpon,Bibur Gurung,Ngwa Franklin Akenji,이창식 한국청소년학회 2016 청소년학연구 Vol.23 No.6

International students are parts of globalized communities which demand intercultural communication for sociocultural adaptation and social harmony. This kind of communication depends on each participant’s intercultural sensitivity. It isI one tool to measure individual’s competence. It is simply the sensitivity of the person to the importance of cultural differences and point of view of people in other cultures. Individuals who are sensitive enough in intercultural interaction would easily adapt socio-culturally without affecting the existing social harmony. This study focuses on discovering the mediating effect of sociocultural adaptation between intercultural sensitivity and college adjustment of African students studying in Korea. Totally 117 students who came from 19 different African countries have participated. The results proved that African students are highly interculturally sensitive or competent. The three variables correlate positively. Finally, sociocultural adaptation plays a mediating effect in the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and college adjustment. In addition, suggestions for the increase of college adjustment were provided.