Veiled Ambassador

Nam, Tack Oon 한국콘텐츠학회 2017 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2017 No.5

Disappeared Chinese Characters

Nam, Tack Oon 한국콘텐츠학회 2013 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2013 No.-

사진의 세 가지 경로와 알레고리 -포스트모더니즘 시대의 관점으로-

남택운 ( Tack Oon Nam ) 한국사진학회 2012 AURA Vol.0 No.26

In this article I depicted how photographs were absorbed in the contemporary visual art movement through three courses and allegory and how they were explained in the theoretical perspective, and I explored how photographs were explained in the relation with theories of humanities and art works. Lastly with regard to photographs I compared mordernist formalism with postmodern critics. The focus of this analysis was to move our perspective from seeing photographs as images to examining them in the theoretical frames. The purpose of this article was that the discourse of photographs should be understood in terms of art movement, esthetic, art critic, linguistic and art historic. In addition, all the artistic works should be considered as neutral representation. The issue is whether we can define the identity of photographs in one track mind. First of all, to impute an allegorical motive to contemporary art is to venture into proscribed territory, for allegory has been condemned for nearly two centuries as aesthetic aberration, the antithesis of art. I want to focus on this reemergence through its impact on both the practice and the criticism of the visual arts. Duchamp is an important precedent to be accounted for contemporary art. He identified both the ``instantaneous state of rest`` and the ``extra-rapid exposure`` that is, the photographic aspects, of 「The Large Glass, 1915-1923」as ``allegorical appearance``. Allegorical imagery is appropriated imagery. The allegorist does not invent images but confiscates them. He lays claim to the culturally significant, acts as its interpreter. And the image becomes something other. He does not restore an original meaning that may have been lost or obscured. Allegory is not hermeneutics. The first link between allegory and contemporary art may now be made: with the appropriation of images that occurs in the works of Cindy Sherman, Sherrie Levine and others. The artists who generate images through the appropriation of images. Sherman`s works are all self-portraits, but in them the artist invariably appears masked and disguised. She first costumes herself to resemble familiar female stereotypes-career girl, ingenue, sex object.-and then photographs herself in poses and settings reminiscent of the cinematic culture of the 1950s and 1960s. The photo works by Sherrie Levine after Alexander Rodchenko, Walker Evans, Edward Weston and other masters of early modern photography are among the most radical works in this context. Her re-photographed images raised questions about originality and even copyright infringement.

예술사진의 기호학적 연구

남택운(Tack-Oon Nam) 한국콘텐츠학회 2003 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.1 No.1

시각예술 분야의 폭발적인 확산과 국제 영화제와 국제미술제가 실생활에까지 관계를 맺는 것은 교육의 대중화로 인한 일반인들의 문화욕구와 상류문화와 하류문화의 경계를 넘는 현대예술표현의 특성 때문이다. 모든 시각예술은 맥락 속에 존재한다. 사진이라는 기호 또한 고유하고 단일한 의미체계는 없으며 다른 모든 것과 마찬가지로 사회, 문화적인 맥락에 의거한다. 현대미술에 관한 이론적 해체와 실험적 표현은 난무하지만 이에 관한 해부는 그동안 미학과 미술사적 해석에 의존해 왔다. 그러나 최근의 포스트모던한 회화작품이나 사진작품을 이해하는 데에는 기호학적 해석이 이용되면서 이해의 영역을 넓히고 있다. 지금까지는 전시장에 보러가고 공연장에 들으러 간다고 이야기했지만 이것은 단지 시각적이고 청각적인 것으로 보기만 하고 듣기만 한다는 것으로 이해 될 수 있다. 이 글은 현대미술과 사진작품을 통하여 작품을 보기만 하는 것보다는 기호학적으로 읽어서 보다 총체적으로 접근 할 수 있다는 것이다. A semiotic approach to modern visual arts has emerged since French post-structuralism was introduced to Anglo-American academics by "deconstruction" or "postmodernism." It views a work of art as a sign, which is its methodical assumption and, at the same time, makes its application more accessible. In the milieu of modern visual arts' effort to be intimate with general audience, modern art photography is now faced with the request to be a familar and universal domain, instead of being left only in photo books as artistic and academic achievements. More specifically, various photo images from such visual media as newspapers, TVs, and computer graphics to such megaexhibitions as "Gwangju Biennale," "Media City Seo ul," and "Pusan International Art Festival," are main objects of study. A coherent and scientific analysis of visual semitotics is still on the way; however, it is an urgent task how to read and interpret a photo image with multiple meanings. This study argues that visual semiotics can be a powerful tool to enhance the understanding of art photography. After all, semiotics is a product of age; we live in the age of legibility, that is, of reading the work of art well as the social events and phenomena.

영화 「킬 빌(Kill Bill)」의 재고

남택운(Nam Tack Oon) 한국미술교육학회 2010 美術敎育論叢 Vol.24 No.3

신미술사학자들은 미술이 일정한 회화나 조각 작품만을 의미한다는 무의식적인 가정과 특정 ‘대상(object)’만을 우선적으로 ‘미술’로 분류하는 것에 대해서 의문을 품었다. 이러한 내용을 배경으로 미술의 대상을 중등학생들이 선호하는 시각예술 중 하나인 영화로 정하였다. 그 중에서 영화가 상영된 이후에도 계속해서 케이블 TV와 광고에서 인용되고 있는 대중영화 ｢킬 빌: 2003, 킬 빌Ⅱ: 2004｣을 적용하여 미적인 해석과 분석을 하였다. 영화이론의 여러 개념을 쿠엔틴 타란티노의 ｢킬 빌｣을 대상으로 적용하여 영화이론과 실제와의 관계를 분석하였다. ｢킬 빌｣에서는 영화이론적 주거형태인 장르영화, B급영화, 대중영화, 컬트영화, 서부극, 갱영화, 전위영화, 포스트모더니즘, 문화이론, 작가주의에 이르는 영화용어와 오마주와 패스티시, 패러디, 인용, 소리의 미장센 같은 개념을 확장시키고 있다. 그러므로 이 연구는 신미술사학의 대안이라는 개연성이 미술과 영화연구가 콜라주되어 변증법적으로 파생된 것이다. The new art historians questioned the unconscious assumption that fine arts means paintings and sculptures in certain styles. They also questioned why only these objects should be classified as ‘fine arts’ in the first place. From this perspective, a film, one of visual arts favored by middle $ high school students, was chosen as the object of visual arts. This study analyzed and conducted an esthetic interpretation on [Kill Bill I: 2003, Kill Bill Ⅱ, 2004], a popular film, which continues to be cited on cable TV channels and commercial ADs after showing. Therefore, this study emerged dialectically as the collage of the new art history, art and film study. And this study examines popular film of Quentin Tarantino, that is ｢Kill Bill｣, collage of The new art history, Visual culture art education, Art and film study. What can we say about films: about the whole class or about particular films. The process of interpretation, in other words, is a matter of relating parts to wholes on many levels, and though it's inadequate explanatory tool. Quentin Tarantino takes a look at how extreme violence, black humor, American orientalism, characteristics of pastiche about postmodernism, ideology of hollywood is used in ｢Kill Bill｣. but I assert he is also extended concepts that genre, B pictures, popular film, cult film, the western, gangster movie, avant-garde cinema, postmodernism, cultural theory and authorism.

Effects of metal- and fiber-reinforced composite root canal posts on flexural properties

Kim, Su-Hyeon,Oh, Tack-Oon,Kim, Ju-Young,Park, Chun-Woong,Baek, Seung-Ho,Park, Eun-Seok JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR DENTAL MATERIALS AND DEVICES 2016 Dental materials journal Vol.35 No.1

<P>The aim of this study was to observe the effects of different test conditions on the flexural properties of root canal post. Metal and fiber-reinforced composite root canal posts of various diameters were measured to determine flexural properties using a three-point bending test at different conditions. In this study, the span length/post diameter ratio of root canal posts varied from 3.0 to 10.0. Multiple regression models for maximum load as a dependent variable were statistically significant. The models for flexural properties as dependent variables were statistically significant, but linear regression models could not be fitted to data sets. At a low span length/post diameter ratio, the flexural properties were distorted by occurrence of shear stress in short samples. It was impossible to obtain high span length/post diameter ratio with root canal posts. The addition of parameters or coefficients is necessary to appropriately represent the flexural properties of root canal posts.</P>

Preparation and evaluation of sustained-release doxazosin mesylate pellets.

Ha, Jung-Myung,Kim, Ju-Young,Oh, Tack-Oon,Rhee, Yun-Seok,Chi, Sang-Cheol,Kuk, Hyon,Park, Chun-Woong,Park, Eun-Seok Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2013 Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.61 No.4

<P>Doxazosin mesylate (DXM) sustained release pellets were prepared by an extrusion-spheronization and fluid-bed coating technique. The core pellets containing DXM were prepared by extrusion-spheronization technique, and coated by a fluid-bed coater to control the release of DXM. The factors affecting to properties of pellets, such as diluent content, type and coating level of coating agents and plasticizers were studied in the present study. Polymethacrylate derivatives (Eudragit? RS PO and RL PO) were used for coating agents, and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), triethyl citrate (TEC) and castor oil were as plasticizers. To evaluate the properties of prepared pellets, the size of prepared pellets was investigated by sieve analysis technique and the morphology of pellets was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Through the dissolution test, factors that have an effect on the dissolution of the drug were evaluated. As the content ratio of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) had increased, the dissolution was proportionally sustained. Eudragit? RS PO had more marked sustaining effect on the dissolution rate than Eudragit? RL PO, and the effect was more pronounced with the increased coating level. PEG 6000 was an appropriate plasticizer for DXM pellets, and increasing the content of PEG 6000, was also slightly decreasing the dissolution rate.</P>

Preparation and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of spray dried matrix type controlled-release microparticles of tamsulosin hydrochloride for orally disintegrating tablet

Park, Chun-Woong,Kim, Ju-Young,Rhee, Yun-Seok,Oh, Tack-Oon,Ha, Jeong-Myung,Park, Eun-Seok Informa Healthcare 2012 Drug development and industrial pharmacy Vol.38 No.10

<P>The objective of this study was to achieve an optimal formulation of spray dried matrix type controlled-release (MTCR) microparticles containing tamsulosin hydrochloride for orally disintegrating tablet. To control the release rate of tamsulosin hydrochloride, Acrylate-methacrylate copolymer (Eudragit<SUP>®</SUP> L-100 or Eudragit<SUP>®</SUP> S-100) and ethylcellulose were employed on the composition of MTCR microparticles. Physicochemical properties of MTCR microparticles such as particle size and SEM were characterized. Pharmacokinetic parameters of tamsulosin hydrochloride were evaluated in the rats after oral administration. MTCR microparticles were spherical microparticles of around 10 µm diameter with a corrugated surface. ODTs containing MTCR microparticles were disintegrated within 30 s and MTCR microparticles were able to control the release rate of tamsulosin hydrochloride following Fickian diffusion mechanism. The <I>in vitro</I> release rates of tamsulosin hydrochloride from MTCR microparticles were proportional to the ratio of Acrylate-methacrylate copolymer to ethylcellulose. Moreover, MTCR microparticles retarded the <I>in vivo</I> release rate of tamsulosin hydrochloride without reducing the bioavailability. Our results suggest that MTCR microparticles may be potential oral dosage forms to control the release and to improve the bioavailability of tamsulosin hydrochloride.</P>

Investigation of the Relationship Between In Vitro and In Vivo Release Behaviors of Acamprosate from Enteric-Coated Tablets

Rhee, Yun-Seok,Park, Seok,Lee, Tae-Won,Park, Chun-Woong,Nam, Tae-Young,Oh, Tack-Oon,Jeon, Ji-Woong,Lee, Dong-Soo,Park, Eun-Seok 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6

Acamprosate calcium is a highly soluble drug with low permeability that is used to maintain abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between in vitro and in vivo behaviors of acamprosate from enteric-coated tablets. The in vitro release behavior of acamprosate tablets in pH 6.8 buffer solution was determined in three dissolution conditions, 50 and 150 rpm (paddle method) and 180 rpm (basket method). The results of this in vitro experiment indicated that acamprosate tablets hardly disintegrated, and drug dissolution was retarded despite the extremely hydrophilic nature of the drug. A single dose ($333\;mg{\times}2$ tablets) of each formulation was orally administered to four beagle dogs under fasting conditions, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The mean $AUC_{0-48}$, $C_{max}$, $T_{lag}$ and $T_{max}$ for the two types of tablets ranged from $41.5-53.6\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/mL$, $4.3-4.5\;{\mu}g/mL$, 2.0-2.5 h and 3.8-4.0 h, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that retarded drug release from the tablets and the low drug permeability may result in poor absorption and erratic bioavailability of this drug in humans.

Investigation of the Relationship Between In Vitro and In Vivo Release Behaviors of Acamprosate from Enteric-Coated Tablets

Yun-Seok Rhee,Seok Park,Tae-Won Lee,Chun-Woong Park,Tae-Young Nam,Tack-Oon Oh,Ji-Woong Jeon,Dong-Soo Lee,Eun-Seok Park 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6

Acamprosate calcium is a highly soluble drug with low permeability that is used to maintain abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between in vitro and in vivo behaviors of acamprosate from enteric-coated tablets. The in vitro release behavior of acamprosate tablets in pH 6.8 buffer solution was determined in three dissolution conditions, 50 and 150 rpm (paddle method) and 180 rpm (basket method). The results of this in vitro experiment indicated that acamprosate tablets hardly disintegrated, and drug dissolution was retarded despite the extremely hydrophilic nature of the drug. A single dose (333 mg×2 tablets) of each formulation was orally administered to four beagle dogs under fasting conditions, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The mean AUC0-48, Cmax, Tlag and Tmax for the two types of tablets ranged from 41.5-53.6 μg·h/mL, 4.3-4.5 μg/mL, 2.0-2.5 h and 3.8-4.0 h, respectively. In conclusion, it is suggested that retarded drug release from the tablets and the low drug permeability may result in poor absorption and erratic bioavailability of this drug in humans.