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류소정,이원준,Leslie Bishop Tarver,신용운,강민호,성민철,조희윤 대한안과학회 2017 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.31 No.5
Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the depressive symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in patientswith age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using data obtained from the Korea National Health and NutritionalExamination Survey V-2 (KNHANES V-2) conducted in 2011. Methods: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study that selected 329 participants from the fifth KNHANES(2011) who were diagnosed with AMD by an ophthalmologist based on fundus photography. The prevalenceof depressive symptoms and the health-related QOL (using EuroQol indices) in this cohort were alsoestimated. Factors associated with depressive symptoms, including socioeconomic status, QOL indices, andassociated chronic diseases, were investigated using multivariate regression models. Results: Depressive symptoms were observed more frequently in AMD patients than in non-AMD controls (p= 0.013). Among the total 329 AMD participants, 65 (19.8%) had depressive symptoms. There were 16 males(24.6%) and 49 females (75.4%). Upon multivariate analysis, significant factors found to be associated with depressivesymptoms were female gender (odds ratio [OR], 2.082; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.001 to 4.330),being in the “dependent” group for activities of daily living (OR, 4.638; 95% CI, 2.061 to 10.435), and having“some problems” in the “anxiety-depression” dimension of the EQ-5D (OR, 7.704; 95% CI, 1.890 to 31.408). Conclusions: Female gender and being dependent on others for activities of daily living increased the associationof depressive symptoms in this cohort of AMD participants. Screening for depressive symptoms in EastAsian AMD patients with these characteristics should be an important component of their care.
Responses of Varroa-resistant honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) to Deformed wing virus
Kitiphong Khongphinitbunjong,Lilia I. de Guzman,Thomas E. Rinderer,Matthew R. Tarver,Amanda M. Frake,Yanping Chen,Panuwan Chantawannakul 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.4
The negative impact of Deformedwing virus (DWV) on European honey bees Apis mellifera is magnified by Varroa destructor parasitism. This study compared the responses of two Varroa-resistant honey bee stocks, pure Russian honey bees (RHB) and out-crossed Varroa Sensitive Hygienic bees, Pol-line (POL) to DWV infection to that of Varroa- susceptible stock, Italian honey bees (IHB). Two-day-old larvae were fed with DWV lysate in different concentrations: undiluted DWV lysate (D1), D1:100, and D1:1000. The unfed larvae served as negative control. Combs containing test larvae were exposed to a common environment during their development using host colonies. Our results showed that only POL displayed variation in DWV levels when fed different DWV concentrations. POL fed highest concentration of DWV inoculum had the highest increase in DWV level than those fed low concentrations and unfed POL. This high increase in DWV level probably contributed to the decrease in the survival and median longevity (LT50) of D1-fed POL. Weights of newly eclosed D1-fed POL were similar to those of the two controls and DWV-fed bees. However, within IHB, D1-fed bees showed significant reductions in weight, days of survival and LT50. Regardless of the concentrations of DWV inoculum, the DWV levels were similarly low within RHB; adult bees had similar weights. Overall, larvae fed D1 had the highest rate of wing deformation. POL and RHB had numerically lower proportions of bees with deformed wings. This study suggests that RHB showed some degree of resistant to DWV as shown by no reduction on weight and numerically lower proportion of wing deformity when compared with the other bee stocks.
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR AN INTEGRAL PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR
BELLE R. UPADHYAYA,MATTHEW R. LISH,J. WESLEY HINES,RYAN A. TARVER 한국원자력학회 2015 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.47 No.2
Several vendors have recently been actively pursuing the development of integral pressurizedwater reactors (iPWRs) that range in power levels from small to large reactors. Integral reactors have the features of minimum vessel penetrations, passive heat removalafter reactor shutdown, and modular construction that allow fast plant integration and asecure fuel cycle. The features of an integral reactor limit the options for placing controland safety system instruments. The development of instrumentation and control (I&C)strategies for a large 1,000 MWe iPWR is described. Reactor system modelingdwhich includesreactor core dynamics, primary heat exchanger, and the steam flashing drumdis animportant part of I&C development and validation, and thereby consolidates the overallimplementation for a large iPWR. The results of simulation models, control development,and instrumentation features illustrate the systematic approach that is applicable to integrallight water reactors
Liu, Meng-Xue,Li, Jian,Geng, Yun-Long,Wang, Yan-Chun,Li, Jie,Chen, Yu-Juan,Ali, Gholam,Tarver, Siobhan L.,Wen, Yu-Feng,Sun, Wen-Jie Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24
Background: This study aimed to understand the relationship between knowledge level and behavior on breast care in Chinese students, so as to provide strategies for improving the health education of breast care and subsequently for aiding in breast cancer prevention. Materials and Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used to evaluate breast care knowledge level and characterize related behavior. Correlation analysis was conducted for the knowledge level and behavior. The study was carried out using 597 female undergraduate students in medical and non-medical colleges in Wuhu, China. Results: The average score of breast care knowledge was $5.32{\pm}1.68$ ($5.62{\pm}1.68$ and $5.00{\pm}1.68$ for medical and non-medical students, respectively), with a greater score value for sophomores ($5.59{\pm}1.72$) than freshmen ($5.18{\pm}1.65$). The average score of breast care behavior was $2.21{\pm}1.13$, again with a greater value in sophomores ($2.37{\pm}1.15$) than freshmen ($2.21{\pm}1.13$). A significant positive correlation (r=0.231, p<0.01) between knowledge scores and behavior scores was observed. In addition, various factors, including paying attention to breast care information, receiving breast self-examination guidance, TV program and Internet, were found to influence breast care knowledge. Conclusions: In general, female undergraduate students lack of self-awareness of breast care with a low rate of breast self-examination. It is necessary to carry out health education to improve early detection of breast cancer.
Modification of a Smoking Motivation Questionnaire for Chinese Medical Students
Jiang, Chao,Sun, Wen-Jie,Wan, Yan-Chun,Wei, Ming-Wei,Mu, Yong-Ping,Tarver, Siobhan L.,Gao, Yong-Qing,Hu, Tian,Xu, Chao,Gordon, James,Feng, Cindy Xin,Wen, Yu-Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6
Introduction: Smoking prevalence among the medical students is high in China. Therefore, understanding the smoking motivations of medical students is crucial for smoking control, but currently there are no scales questionnaires customized for probing the smoking motivations of medical students. This aim of study was to test and modify a questionnaire for investigating smoking motivations among medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,125 medical students at Xuzhou Medical College in China in 2012.The model fit and validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by single-item reliability, composite reliability, and item-total correlation. Results: The prevalence of smoking was 9.84 % among study population. In the modified scales, the global fit indices identified a CFI value of 0.96, TLI was 0.96, and the RMSEA was 0.063. CFA supported the two dimensional structure of the instrument. The average variance extracted ranged from 0.45 to 0.62. All single-item reliability scores were greater than 0.20, and the composite reliability ranged from 0.74 to 0.91. Conclusion: Modified scales could be the preliminary instrument used in evaluating the smoking motivations of medical students. However, it should be further assessed using other forms and methods of validity and reliability, additional motivations of smoking, and the survey of other medical colleges in China.