Genetic Variation in MicroRNAs and Risk of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in South Indian Population

Sushma, PS,Jamil, Kaiser,Kumar, P Uday,Satyanarayana, U,Ramakrishna, M,Triveni, B Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, implicated in several activities like initiation, progression and prognosis of various cancers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA genes can lead to alteration in mRNA expression, resulting in diverse functional consequences. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of miR-149C>T and miR-196a2C>T SNPs with susceptibility to development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in South Indian subjects. Materials and Methods: 100 OSCC patients and 102 healthy controls from the general population were recruited for the study. Genetic analysis was performed by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) as per a standard protocol. Results: The genotype frequencies in miR-196a2 polymorphism, of TT, CT and CC in the OSCC patients were 69%,10% and 22% respectively while for control group it was 80%, 15% and 5% respectively. The CC genotype of miR196a2 polymorphism was significantly associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The genotype frequencies in miR-149 polymorphisms of CC, CT and TT in the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were 72%, 22% and 6% respectively and for control group 88%, 12% and 0% respectively. CT and TT genotypes of miR149 polymorphism were found to be significantly associated with OSCC (p = 0.05 and 0.07). Conclusions: Our study suggests that miR-196a2C>T and miR-149C>T polymorphisms may play crucial roles in the development of OSCC in South Indian subjects.

Soluble expression of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in Escherichia coli

Sushma CHAUHAN,Taek Jin KANG 한국생물공학회 2017 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

Tree species richness, diversity, and regeneration status in different oak (Quercus spp.) dominated forests of Garhwal Himalaya, India

sushma singh,Zubair A. Malik,Chandra M. Sharma 국립중앙과학관 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.9 No.3

Himalayan forests are dominated by different species of oaks (Quercus spp.) at different altitudes. These oaks are intimately linked with hill agriculture as they protect soil fertility, watershed, and local biodiversity. They also play an important role in maintaining ecosystem stability. This work was carried out to study the diversity and regeneration status of some oak forests in Garhwal Himalaya, India. A total of 18 tree species belonging to 16 genera and 12 families were reported from the study area. Species richness varied for trees (4–7), saplings (3–10), and seedlings (2–6). Seedling and sapling densities (Ind/ha) varied between 1,376 Ind/ha and 9,600 Ind/ha and 167 Ind/ha and 1,296 Ind/ha, respectively. Species diversity varied from 1.27 to 1.86 (trees), from 0.93 to 3.18 (saplings), and from 0.68 to 2.26 (seedlings). Total basal area (m2/ha) of trees and saplings was 2.2–87.07 m2/ha and 0.20–2.24 m2/ha, respectively, whereas that of seedlings varied from 299 cm2/ha to 8,177 cm2/ha. Maximum tree species (20–80%) had “good” regeneration. Quercus floribunda, the dominant tree species in the study area, showed “poor” regeneration, which is a matter of concern, and therefore, proper management and conservation strategies need to be developed for maintenance and sustainability of this oak species along with other tree species that show poor or no regeneration.

Influence of traditional medicines on the activity of keratinocytes in wound healing: an in-vitro study

Sushma R. Kotian,Kumar M. R. Bhat,Divya Padma,K. Sreedhara R. Pai 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.3

Natural medicinal systems such as Ayurveda and folk medicine has remedies for wound management. However, the exact cellular and extracellular mechanisms involved in the healing process and its influence on keratinocytes is less discussed. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of certain natural wound healing medicines on the biology of the keratinocytes/HaCaT cells. Test materials such as honey (H), ghee (G), aqueous extracts of roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) and leaves of Nerium indicum (NI) were considered. The HaCaT cells were treated with the test materials singly and in combinations (H+G, all combined [Tot]) for a specific period (24, 48, and 72 hours). The cells were then subjected to cytotoxicity/proliferation and migration/scratch assays. All the test materials, except NI, were non-cytotoxic and showed increased cell proliferation at variable concentrations. Significant observations were made in the groups treated with honey (100 µg/ml at 48 hours, P<0.05; 1,000 µg/ml at 72 hours, P<0.05), GG (all concentrations at 48 hours, P<0.05; 750 µg/ml at 72 hours, P<0.05), H+G (250 µg/ml at 24 hours, P<0.001; 500 µg/ml at 48 and 72 hours, P<0.05), and Tot (50 µg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 hours, P<0.01). In the in-vitro wound healing assay, all the treated groups showed significant migration and narrowing of the scratch area by 24 and 48 hours (P<0.001) compared to control. The results obtained from the present study signifies the positive influence of these natural wound healing compounds on keratinocytes/HaCaT cells.

High Frequency of Codon 12 but not Codon 13 and 61 K-ras Gene Mutations in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast in a South Indian Population

Sushma, C,Prasad, Shiva,Devi, Rudrama,Murthy, Sudha,Rao, TS,Naidu, CK Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Ras genes are thought to play an important role in human cancer since they have been found to be activated frequently in several types of tumors including breast cancer, where the overall incidence of K-RAS oncogene activation is 0-10%. Evaluation of K-RAS gene not only for mutational frequency but also for mutation types in this downstream signaling gene pathway is necessary to determine the mechanisms of action. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that K-RAS activation is involved in breast cancer risk of south Indian population. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 paired pathologically confirmed tumor and non-tumor tissues from the same breast cancer patients were analysed for most common K-RAS mutations of codon 12,13 and 61 by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion and direct nucleotide sequencing method. Results: We found that a high rate of homozygous and heterozygous mutations of codon 12, but not codon 13 and 61, may influence the invasive ductal carcinoma of breast risk in this study. Conclusions: Our study indicated that only codon 12 may be involved in initiating breast carcinogenesis in India.

BACKWARD DYNAMICS, INVERSE LIMIT THEORY AND p-adic INTEGERS

Sushma Palimar,Shankar B R 장전수학회 2010 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.20 No.3

The concept of Backward dynamics and Inverse limit Theory is discussed. The natural arithmetic structure for these dynamics is given as Zp the ring of p-adic integers.In particular we study the backward dynamics of the logistic map in p-adic metric.

Existence and Uniqueness Results for a Coupled System of Nonlinear Fractional Langevin Equations

Sushma Basil,Santhi Antony,Muralisankar Subramanian 경북대학교 자연과학대학 수학과 2023 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.63 No.3

In this paper, we present a sufficient condition for the unique existence of solutions for a coupled system of nonlinear fractional Langevin equations, with a new class of multipoint and nonlocal integral boundary conditions. We define a Z*λ-contraction mapping and present the sufficient condition by identifying the problem with an equivalent fixed point problem in the context of b-metric spaces. Finally, some numerical examples are given to validate our main results.

Unilateral segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia: an unusual case report

Sushma Pandey,Keerthilatha M Pai,Ajay G Nayak,Ravindranath Vineetha 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2011 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.41 No.1

Facial asymmetry is not an uncommon occurrence in day to day dental practice. It can be caused by various etiologic factors ranging from facial trauma to serious hereditary conditions. Here, we report a rare case of non-syndromic facial asymmetry in a young female, who was born with this condition but was not aware of the progression of asymmetry. No relevant family history was recognized. She was also deficient in both deciduous and permanent teeth in the corresponding region of maxilla. Hence, the cause of this asymmetry was believed to be a segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia of left maxilla accompanied by agenesis of left maxillary premolars and molars and disuse atrophy of corresponding facial musculature. This report briefly discussed the comparative features of segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia, hemimaxillofacial dysplasia, and segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia and justified the differences between segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia and the other two conditions.

Comparative analysis of genome-based CAZyme cassette in Antarctic Microbacterium sp. PAMC28756 with 31 other Microbacterium species

Gupta Sushma,Han So-Ra,Kim Byeollee,Lee Chang-Muk,Oh Tae-Jin 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.6

Background: The genus Microbacterium belongs to the family Microbacteriaceae and phylum Actinobacteria. A detailed study on the complete genome and systematic comparative analysis of carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) among the Microbacterium species would add knowledge on metabolic and environmental adaptation. Here we present the comparative genomic analysis of CAZyme using the complete genome of Antarctic Microbacterium sp. PAMC28756 with other complete genomes of 31 Microbacterium species available. Objective: The genomic and CAZyme comparison of Microbacterium species and to rule out the specific features of CAZyme for the environmental and metabolic adaptation. Methods: Bacterial source were collected from NCBI database, CAZyme annotation of Microbacterium species was analyzed using dbCAN2 Meta server. Cluster of orthologous groups (COGs) analysis was performed using the eggNOG4.5 database. Whereas, KEGG database was used to compare and obtained the functional genome annotation information in carbohydrate metabolism and glyoxylate cycle. Results: Out of 32 complete genomes of Microbacterium species, strain No. 7 isolated from Activated Sludge showed the largest genomic size at 4.83 Mb. The genomic size of PAMC28756 isolated from Antarctic lichen species Stereocaulons was 3.54 Mb, the G + C content was 70.4% with 3,407 predicted genes, of which 3.36% were predicted CAZyme. In addition, while comparing the Glyoxylate cycle among 32 bacteria, except 10 strains, all other, including our strain have Glyoxylate pathway. PAMC28756 contained the genes that degrade cellulose, hemicellulose, amylase, pectinase, chitins and other exo-and endo glycosidases. Utilizing these polysaccharides can provides source of energy in an extreme environment. In addition, PAMC28756 assigned the (10.15%) genes in the carbohydrate transport and metabolism functional group closely related to the CAZyme for polysaccharides degradation. Conclusions: The genomic content and CAZymes distribution was varied in Microbacterium species. There was the presence of more than 10% genes in the carbohydrate transport and metabolism functional group closely related to the CAZyme for polysaccharides degradation. In addition, occurrence of glyoxylate cycle for alternative utilization of carbon sources suggest the adaptation of PAMC28756 in the harsh microenvironment.

Enhanced production of glutaminase free L-asparaginase II by Bacillus subtilis WB800N through media optimization

Chityala Sushma,Ashish Prabhu Anand,Venkata Dasu Veeranki 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.11

We studied the crucial components which elevate the expression of recombinant novel glutaminase free Lasparaginase II (rL-asp II) from Bacillus subtilis WB800N. The Plackett-Burman tool identified sucrose, NH4Cl, NaH2- PO4 and MgSO4 as the significant influencing factors (p<0.05). Further investigations showed that artificial neural network- genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) was more effective than central composite design (CCD) in optimizing the influencing factors. The maximum rL-asp II expression was found to be 389.56 IU/ml and 525.98 IU/ml using CCD (R2=90.4%) and ANN-GA (R2=96.2%), respectively. The validation experiments were carried out in a 3 L batch bioreactor where kinetic modelling of the obtained data was done. The rL-asp II expressed effectively inhibiting the polyacrylamide formation in vitro where no solidification was observed, when 2ml of purified rL-asp II used even after 60 min of incubation. This is the first study to report highest production of rL-asp II in B. subtilis WB800N (525.98 IU/ ml) till date by combining statistical designs with consecutive intermittent addition of IPTG in batch reactor.