Effects of increasing concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles on the egg production and internal quality of eggs.

Sun, H,Lee, E J,Samaraweera, H,Persia, M,Ragheb, H S,Ahn, Dong U Poultry Science Association, etc 2012 Poultry science Vol.91 No.12

<P>A study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding high concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on egg production and the internal quality of eggs from laying hens. Four diets were formulated to contain 0, 17, 35, or 50% corn DDGS. A total of two hundred forty 54-wk-old Single-Comb White Leghorn laying hens were randomly allotted to 2 birds per cage with 3 consecutive cages representing an experimental unit (EU). Each EU was assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments according to a completely randomized design. Hens were fed for a 24-wk experimental period after transition feeding to gradually increase corn DDGS inclusion over a 4-wk period. Two sets of experimental diets were formulated, and each diet was fed for 12 wk. Egg production, feed consumption, egg component, yolk color, Haugh unit during storage times, and shell breaking strength were measured. Egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed intake, and feed efficiency were adversely affected by the highest level of DDGS in the diet (50%) during the first 12-wk period. Once diets were reformulated to include an increased concentration of both lysine and methionine, differences among the dietary treatments were reduced, as the performance of the 50% DDGS diets was greatly improved. Over the last 6 wk of study, no differences in egg production, egg weight, and feed intake among DDGS treatments were found. The DDGS diets positively affected the internal quality of eggs during storage. Improved yolk color and Haugh unit were observed as the dietary DDGS levels increased, but the increase for Haugh unit was significant only when the DDGS level was 50%. Shell weight percentage was increased in the 50% DDGS diet, but no differences in yolk and albumen percentage were observed. It was concluded that up to 50% of DDGS could be included in the layer's diet without affecting egg weight, feed intake, egg mass, feed efficiency, and egg production as long as digestible amino acids were sufficient in DDGS-added diets.</P>

OPTIMAL TORQUE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR A PARALLEL HYDRAULIC HYBRID VEHICLE

Sun, H.,Jiang, J.H.,Wang, X. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2007 International journal of automotive technology Vol.8 No.6

The hydraulic hybrid vehicle(HHV) is an application of hydrostatic transmission technology to improve vehicle fuel economy and emissions. A relatively lower energy density of hydraulic accumulator and complicated coordinating operations between two power sources require a special energy management strategy to maximize the fuel saving potential. This paper presents a new type of configuration for parallel HHV to minimize the disadvantages of the hydraulic accumulator, as well as a methodology for developing an energy management strategy tailored specially for PHHV. Based on an analysis of the optimal energy distribution between two power sources over a representative urban driving cycle with a Dynamic Programming(DP) algorithm, a fuzzy-based optimal torque management strategy is designed and developed to control the torque distribution. Simulation results demonstrates that the optimal torque management strategy maximizes the advantages of this hybrid type of configuration, and the high power density characteristics of hydraulic technology effectively improve the robustness of the energy management strategy and fuel economy of the PHHV.

Self-standing and shape-memorable UV-curing epoxy polymers for three-dimensional (3D) continuous-filament printing

Sun, H.,Kim, Y.,Kim, Y. C.,Park, I. K.,Suhr, J.,Byun, D.,Choi, H. R.,Kuk, K.,Baek, O. H.,Jung, Y. K.,Choi, H. J.,Kim, K. J.,Nam, J. D. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for o Vol.6 No.12

<P>In the development of three-dimensional printable materials for high-speed and high-resolution printing, UV-curing polymers can guarantee fast and precise printing of high performance load-bearing structures, but the injected drops of the monomers tend to spread over the substrates due to their low viscosity. In this study, we imposed the self-standing and shape-memorable capability of an epoxy acrylate (EA) monomer to ensure continuous filamentary 3D printing while maintaining its low viscosity nature. Using octadecanamide (ODA) with EA, strong hydrogen-bond networks (−N−H⋯OC−, −N−CO⋯H-O-, -N-H⋯N-) were additionally achieved in the material system and the developed material distinctively exhibited rheological duality at different processing stages: a low-viscosity liquid-like behavior (viscosity of ∼50 Pa) while passing through the nozzle and a self-standing solid-like behavior (static yield stress of ∼364 Pa) right after being printed. This reversible liquid-to-solid transitional capability was quantified by viscoelastic complex moduli provided a dynamic yield stress (<I>τ</I>y,G) of 210 Pa corresponding to the upright stacking up to ∼3.2 cm (3 wt% of ODA). The time (<I>t</I>y,G) required for conformational rearrangement was evaluated to be as fast as ∼10<SUP>−2</SUP> s. After UV curing, the 3D printed layers exhibited no air pockets or weld lines at the stacked interfaces, which could guarantee excellent mechanical performance and structural integrity.</P>

Effects of increasing concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles on chemical composition and nutrient content of egg.

Sun, H,Lee, E J,Samaraweera, H,Persia, M,Ahn, Dong U Poultry Science Association, etc 2013 Poultry science Vol.92 No.1

<P>The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding high concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on chemical composition and selected nutrient content of egg yolk. Four isocaloric diets were formulated to contain 0, 17, 35, or 50% corn DDGS. A total of two hundred forty 54-wk-old Single-Comb White Leghorn laying hens were randomly allotted to 2 birds per cage with 3 consecutive cages representing an experimental unit (EU). Each EU was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments according to a completely randomized design. Hens were fed for a 24-wk experimental period after transition feeding to gradually increase corn DDGS inclusion over a 4-wk period. Two sets of experimental diets were formulated to meet or exceed the NRC nutrient recommendations for laying hens. Each diet formula was fed for 12 wk. Chemical composition and nutritional components in egg yolk were measured every 2 wk. The results showed that egg yolk from hens fed a DDGS-containing diet tended to have higher fat content and lower protein content. Total polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly increased by the DDGS diet. The contents of choline and cholesterol were initially higher in the 50% DDGS treatment group, but were not different in the later period, especially during the last 4 wk. Lutein content increased linearly as DDGS level increased. The results indicated that feeding a high level of DDGS can increase the content of lutein and polyunsaturated fatty acids in egg yolk, but may not affect the content of cholesterol and choline.</P>

Effects of Aspergillus Oryzae Culture and 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio)-Butanoic Acid on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Populations between Different Roughage Sources

Sun, H.,Wu, Y.M.,Wang, Y.M.,Liu, J.X.,Myung, K.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.9

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Aspergillus oryzae culture (AOC) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMB) on rumen fermentation and microbial populations between different roughage sources. Two roughage sources (Chinese wild rye [CWR] vs corn silage [CS]) were assigned in a $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement with HMB (0 or 15 mg) and AOC (0, 3, or 6 mg). Gas production (GP), microbial protein (MCP) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) were increased in response to addition of HMB and AOC (p<0.01) for the two roughages. The HMB and AOC showed inconsistent effects on ammonia-N with different substrates. For CWR, neither HMB nor AOC had significant effect on molar proportion of individual VFA. For CS, acetate was increased (p = 0.02) and butyrate was decreased (p<0.01) by adding HMB and AOC. Increase of propionate was only occurred with AOC (p<0.01). Populations of protozoa ($p{\leq}0.03$) and fungi ($p{\leq}0.02$) of CWR were differently influenced by HMB and AOC. Percentages of F. succinogenes, R. albus, and R. flavefaciens (p<0.01) increased when AOC was added to CWR. For CS, HMB decreased the protozoa population (p = 0.01) and increased the populations of F. succinogenes and R. albus ($p{\leq}0.03$). Populations of fungi, F. succinogenes (p = 0.02) and R. flavefacien (p = 0.03) were increased by adding AOC. The HMB${\times}$AOC interactions were noted in MCP, fungi and R. flavefacien for CWR and GP, ammonia-N, MCP, total VFA, propionate, acetate/propionate (A/P) and R. albus for CS. It is inferred that addition of HMB and AOC could influence rumen fermentation of forages by increasing the number of rumen microbes.

3-레벨 인버터를 이용한 유도가열 시스템의 출력제어 연구

김성호(Sunh-Ho Kim),권혁민(Hyuk-Min Kwon),신대철(Dae-Chul Shin) 전력전자학회 2004 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

This paper made an induction heating inverter. The inverter is the 20~40[㎑] a resonant inverter which uses a high frequency. We use this inverter and use induction heating. A phasor shift ordered a gate signal to adjust an inverter's output. We verified an output waveform according to the situation of a gate signal through the simulation. We made the inverter really and got the result.

운율 정보를 이용한 한국어 위치 정보 데이타의 발음 모델링

김선희(Sunhe Kim),박전규(Jeongue Park),나민수(Minsoo Na),전재훈(Jehun Jeon),정민화(Minwha Chung) 한국정보과학회 2007 정보과학회논문지 : 소프트웨어 및 응용 Vol.34 No.2

본 논문은 두 가지의 구조적 운율 정보, 즉 운율어와 음절 수를 이용하여 한국어 위치 정보 데이타의 발음모델링을 수행할 경우에 음성인식기의 성능을 평가하는 것을 목표로 하는 것이다. 먼저, 위치 정보 데이타가 운율어로 구성되어 있다는 전제 하에 운율어를 이용하여 위치 정보 데이타의 가능한 모든 발음을 생성하고, 다시 음절 수를 기준으로 발음변이 수를 조절하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안한 방법에 의하여 9개의 테스트 세트와 9개의 학습 세트로 총 81개의 실험을 통하여 음성인식의 성능을 평가하였다. 실험 결과 운율어를 이용하여 발음 사전을 제작한 모든 경우에 베이스라인과 비교하여 성능이 향상되었다. 음절 수에 따라서 발음 변이의 수를 조절한 결과도 전체적으로는 3음절로 그 수를 제한한 경우에 가장 좋은 인식 성능을 얻을 수 있어서, 음절 수에 따른 발음 변이 수의 조절이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 제안한 방법과 같이 운율어와 음절수를 이용한 경우에 베이스라인의 WER 4.63%에서 최대 8.4%의 WER가 감소하였다. This paper examines how the performance of an automatic speech recognizer was improved for Korean Point-of-Interest (POI) data by modeling pronunciation variation using structural prosodic information such as prosodic words and syllable length. First, multiple pronunciation variants are generated using prosodic words given that each POI word can be broken down into prosodic words. And the cross-prosodic-word variations were modeled considering the syllable length of word. A total of 81 experiments were conducted using 9 test sets (3 baseline and 6 proposed) on 9 trained sets (3 baseline, 6 proposed). The results show: (i) the performance was improved when the pronunciation lexica were generated using prosodic words; (ii) the best performance was achieved when the maximum number of variants was constrained to 3 based on the syllable length; and (iii) compared to the baseline word error rate (WER) of 4.63%, a maximum of 8.4% in WER reduction was achieved when both prosodic words and syllable length were considered.

항톡소포자충 효과를 가진 천연물 유래 추출물에 관한 연구

홍선화 ( Sunh Wa Hong ),이현아 ( Hyun A Lee ),정영호 ( Yung Ho Chung ),김태완 ( Tae Wan Kim ),김옥진 ( Ok Jin Kim ) 한국동물위생학회 2014 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, with very few therapeutic treatment options. The choices for treatment are pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, however their utility is limited because of drug toxicity and serious side effects. In this study, ethanol extracts of 13 traditional medicines used to treat Toxoplasma gondii were tested in vitro for their anti-Toxoplasma gondii cytotoxicity. The median effective concentration (EC50) values for the herbal extracts ranged from 173 mg/mL to 1995.35 mg/mL. In HeLa cell, the selectivity of Alpinia oxyphylla (2.75), Mucunae Caulis (2.96), Dictamnus dasycarpus (7.52) which was higher than sulfadiazine (2.08). This indicates that Alpinia oxyphylla, Mucunae Caulis, Dictamnus dasycarpus extracts may be sources of new anti-Toxoplasma gondii compounds.

논문 : 노인복지주택 사례 분석을 통한 노인복지주택 개발 방향 -스마트 기술 활용을 중심으로-

이선형 ( Sunh Yung Lee ) 디자인융복합학회 2014 디자인융복합연구 Vol.13 No.5

노인들은 노년기가 되면 가족관계 및 사회관계의 축소로 인해 관계에 대한 욕구 충족이 어려우며 부모세대와 자녀세대 모두 독립적인 주거를 원하는 상황에서 노인들이 최대한 독립적인 삶을 유지하며 건강 및 안전, 관계의 욕구 충족을 위해서는 스마트 기술의 도입이 필요하다고 보았다. 특히 노인주거복지시설중 상대적으로 건강과 안전의 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있으며 유사한 생활수준을 가진 노인들이 함께 노년을 보내도록 선택가능한 주거시설의 역할을 할 것으로 보고 노인복지주택의 스마트 기술 도입을 위한 개발 방향을 제안하고자 하였다. 현재 24개의 노인복지주택 중 우편조사를 통해 총 7개의 사례가 수집되었고 6개의 사례에 대해 분석이 되었다. 스마트기기 사용에 대한 영역은 건강생활지원영역, 생활/안전지원영역, 여가생활지원 영역, 가족관계 지원영역으로 나뉘어졌으며 총 15종류의 스마트 기기에 대한 기술 활용 현황, 인식도, 선호도(가장 필요한, 실현가능한)를 실시하였다. 그 결과 스마트기기 활용현황은 대체적으로 낮은 편이었고, 가장 많이 사용되는 것은 너스콜이었다. 선호도도 건강과 안전(안전모니터링, 홈오토메이션, 너스콜과 원격/전자처방)에 치중되어있었다. 인식도는 높은 기관과 낮은 기관으로 나뉘어졌는데 인식도와 활용도를 중심으로 3개의 유형, 즉 높은 활용잠재력 유형(1유형), 중간 활용잠재력 유형(2유형), 낮은 활용잠재력(3유형)으로 유형화 하였다. 1유형에는 1개의 사례가, 2유형에는 2개의 사례가, 3유형에는 3개의 사례가 속하였다. 이러한 연구를 바탕으로 보다 다각적이고 심도깊은 조사가 이루어져 노인복지주택의 개발 방향에 대한 구체적 제안이 이루어져야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to identify the directions to development of welfare housing for the elderly focused on the Smart Technology(ST). The research method is case study aimed at thewelfare housing for the elderly. It is based on the questionnaire by mail survey, so 6 elderly housings were analyzed. The results of this study were as follow : first, a nurse call system is most often used now and the other ST had not been used very much. They prefer to use health monitoring, home automation, nurse call system. This resultshows that their needs are focused on basic needs, health and safety. But they have to consider to adopt other area`s ST, family relation, leisure activity etc. Second, based on their usefulness using ST and usage numbers of ST, this study divided elderly housing into three categories, greatest potential(type I), moderate potential(type II), least potential(type III). One case is included in type I and two cases in type II, three cases in type III. Any elderly housing tends to be very receptive to using ST, but the others are reluctant to do that. According to the result of the study, the Government should lower the barrier to entry and activate elderly housing to use ST more actively.

Effect of Acidic Polysaccharide of Red Ginseng on Lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L from Cancerous Ascites Fluid

Lee, Sunh-Dong,Kameda, Kenji,Takaku, Takeshi,Sekiya, Keizo,Hirose, Kumi,Ohtani, Kazuhiro,Tanaka, Osamu,Okuda, Hiromichi The Korean Society of Ginseng 1990 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.14 No.1

Toxohorome-L is a lipolytic factor found in ascites fluid of sarcoma 180-bearing mice and of patients with hepatoma. A substance that inhibited the lipolytic action of Toxohormone-L was isoialed from red ginseng powder. This substance had a pectin-like o 1, 4-pollrgalacturonan backbone with some acetoxyl groups, and so was an acidic polysaccharide. It inhibited Toxohormone-L-induced lipolysis in a dose dependent manner at concentrations higher than 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml.