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Real-Time Eye Tracking Using IR Stereo Camera for Indoor and Outdoor Environments
( Sungsoo Lim ),( Daeho Lee ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.8
We propose a novel eye tracking method that can estimate 3D world coordinates using an infrared (IR) stereo camera for indoor and outdoor environments. This method first detects dark evidences such as eyes, eyebrows and mouths by fast multi-level thresholding. Among these evidences, eye pair evidences are detected by evidential reasoning and geometrical rules. For robust accuracy, two classifiers based on multiple layer perceptron (MLP) using gradient local binary patterns (GLBPs) verify whether the detected evidences are real eye pairs or not. Finally, the 3D world coordinates of detected eyes are calculated by region-based stereo matching. Compared with other eye detection methods, the proposed method can detect the eyes of people wearing sunglasses due to the use of the IR spectrum. Especially, when people are in dark environments such as driving at nighttime, driving in an indoor carpark, or passing through a tunnel, human eyes can be robustly detected because we use active IR illuminators. In the experimental results, it is shown that the proposed method can detect eye pairs with high performance in real-time under variable illumination conditions. Therefore, the proposed method can contribute to human-computer interactions (HCIs) and intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) applications such as gaze tracking, windshield head-up display and drowsiness detection.
Sungsoo Kim,Jaegab Lee,Ilsun Pang,부진효,Honglae Sohn 대한화학회 2008 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.29 No.7
We report a novel patterning method for a homo-polymeric poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanofilm particularly capable of strong adhesion to a SiO2 surface. An oxidized silicon wafer substrate was micro-contact printed with n-octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) monolayer, and subsequently its negative pattern was selfassembled with three different amino-functionalized alkylsilanes, (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS), N- (2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane (EDAS), and (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine (DETAS). Then, P3HT nanofilms were selectively grown on the aminosilane pre-patterned areas via the vapor phase polymerization method. To evaluate the adhesion, patterning, and the film itself, the PEDOT nanofilms and SAMs were investigated with a Scotch® tape test, contact angle analyzer, ATR-FT-IR, and optical and atomic force microscopes. The evaluation showed that the newly developed all bottom-up process can offer a simple and inexpensive patterning method for P3HT nanofilms robustly adhered to an oxidized Si wafer surface by the mediation of FeCl3 and amino-functionalized alkylsilane SAMs.
Purification and Characterization of Protein methylase Ⅱ from Porcine Spleen
Sungsoo Kim,Jaeyoul Cho,Hyang Woo Lee,Sungyoul Hong 생화학분자생물학회 1994 BMB Reports Vol.27 No.3
Protein methylase II (S-adenosyl-L-methionine : protein O-methyltrnnsferase, EC 2.1.1.24) was purified 692 fold with yield of 8.9% from porcine spleen by subcellular fractionation, pH treatment, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and HPLC. The purified enzyme gave a single band upon SDS-polyacrylamide get electrophoresis. The molecular weight of purified protein methylase II was 40,700 daltons and the pl value was 7.4. The most effective substrates for porcine spleen protein methylase II were myelin basic protein, followed by hemoglobin, histone, γ-globulin, gelatin, cytochrome c, and serum albumin.
Model-based Reference Trajectory Generation for Tip-based Learning Controller
Sungsoo Rhim,Soon-Geul Lee,Tae Gyoon Lim 대한기계학회 2005 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.19 No.1S
The non-minimum phase characteristic of a flexible manipulator makes tracking control of Its tip difficult The level of the tip tracking performance of a flexible manipulator is significantly affected by the characteristics of the tip reference trajectory as well as the characteristics of the flexible manipulator system This paper addresses the question of how to best specify a reference trajectory for the tip of a flexible manipulator to follow m order to achieve the objectives of reducing tip tracking error, residual tip vibration, and the required actuation effort at the manipulator joint A novel method of tip-based learning controller for the flexible manipulator system is proposed in the paper, where a model of the flexible manipulator system With a command shaping filter is used to generate a smooth and realizable tip reference trajectory for a tip-based learning controller<br/>
A Comparison of Alcohol Secondhand Effects among Korean and U.S. College Students
Sungsoo Chun,Aeree Sohn,Easton A. Reid,Rubelyn Inot,Mi-Kyung Kim,Grace Percoheles,Sang-Sook Lee,Henry Wechsler 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2009 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.26 No.5
목적: 이 연구는 한국과 미국대학생의 음주로 인한 간접피해수준을 상대적으로 비교하기 위해 설계되었다. 방법: 하버드대학교의 대학생음주연구(CAS)의 2001년도의 원자료 10,924명의 데이터와 한국대학생음주연구(KCAS)의 2003년도의 원자료 2,385명의 데이터를 하나의 파일에 함께 넣어서 분석하였다. 조사도구는 CAS의 대학생용 조사설문지를 사용하였으며, 한국의 주종과 량과 관련하여서는 표준잔과 량을 기준으로 적용하였다. 지난 한 달 동안의 음주하였다고 한 학생의 알코올관련문제 및 간접피해의 정도를 비교하였으며, 연령과 음주빈도와 음주량 통제하여 로지스틱회귀분석의 결과로 제시하였다. 결과: 한국대학생들이 술 취한 동료를 돌봄, 성적인 폭행, 데이트 강간, 구토물들을 발견하는 것 등의 간접피해를 많이 받는 반면에 미국대학생들은 모욕을 당함, 심하게 다툼, 밀침을 당함, 학업에 방해를 받음, 폭행을 당함, 원치 않은 섹스를 함 등의 간접피해를 더 많이 겪고 있다. 결론: 미국대학생들은 상호관계에 의한 간접피해를 많이 느끼는데 비해서, 한국대학생들은 개인적이고 신체적인 간접피해를 더 많이 느끼고 있다. Objectives: To compare alcohol secondhand effects among US and Korean students. Methods: Nationally representative 4-year colleges of two countries were involved in this cross-national comparison study. Data from the 2001 U.S. College Alcohol Study and the 2003 Korean College Alcohol Study came from 120 colleges in 38 U.S. states and the District of Columbia and 60 colleges in Korea. Randomly selected 4-year college students from the U.S. (10,924) and Korea (2,385) participated in the study using self-reports of alcohol use and perceptions of drinking as assessed by College Alcohol Study questionnaires. Results: Korean students were tend to more likely to have being a victim of sexual assault or date rape, having to take care of drunken students and finding vomit in the hall or bathroom of residence, than US students, while US students were tend to more likely to have being insulted or humiliated, having a serious argument and quarrel, being pushed, hit, or assaulted, having study/sleep interrupted, and experiencing an unwanted sexual advance than Korean students. Conclusion: In general, US students were more likely to suffer interrelationship problems after drinking while Korean students were more likely to have physical and individual drinking related problems.
Achievable Throughput of Energy Harvesting Cognitive Radio Networks
Sungsoo Park,Daesik Hong IEEE 2014 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Vol.13 No.2
<P>We consider energy harvesting cognitive radio networks to improve both energy efficiency and spectral efficiency. The goal of this paper is to analyze the theoretically achievable throughput of the secondary transmitter, which harvests energy from ambient sources or wireless power transfer systems while opportunistically accessing the spectrum licensed to the primary network. By modeling the temporal correlation of the primary traffic according to a time-homogeneous discrete Markov process, we derive the upper bound on the achievable throughput as a function of the energy arrival rate, the temporal correlation of the primary traffic, and the detection threshold for a spectrum sensor. The optimal detection threshold is then derived to maximize the upper bound on the achievable throughput under an energy causality constraint and a collision constraint. The energy causality constraint mandates that the total consumed energy should not exceed the total harvested energy, while the collision constraint is required to protect the primary network from secondary transmission. Analytical results show the temporal correlation of the primary traffic to enable efficient usage of the harvested energy by preventing the secondary transmitter from accessing the spectrum that may be occupied by the primary network.</P>