Korean English Teacher's Disempowerment in English-only Classes

Sung-Sam Hwang,Hyo-Sun Seo,Tae-Young Kim 한국사회언어학회 2010 사회언어학 Vol.18 No.1

Hwang, Sung-Sam, SeD, Hyo-Sun, Kim, Tae-Young. 2010. Korean English Teacher's Disempowerment in English-only Classes: A Case Study Focusing on Korea-specific Cultural Aspects. The Sociolinguistic journal of Korea 18(1). In this case study, we have focused on the disempowerment of a Korean English teacher (KET) in English-only classrooms. Six English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms in a Korean high school were observed and analyzed by using interpretive discourse analysis. Out of the six classes, three representative classrooms were both video- and audio-taped. The results show that the English-only classes could weaken the KETs' power via three mechanisms: (a) calling the KETs' last name for choral greetings at the beginning of the class, (b) students' group solidarity and peer pressure between classmates, and (c) the students' excessively collaborative approach to peer assistance. It is argued that the exclusive English-only instruction disempowers the KETs' status and dismantles their vocational identity. In order to remedy the current situation, within a scaffolding supported by the eclectic use of first language where necessary for effective class management, KETs are empowered and overcome constraints imposed by the limited L2 oral competence of some non-native English teachers.

Complete nucleotide sequence of the penicillin G acylase gene and the flanking regions, and its expression in Escherichia coli

오상진, 김영창, 박영우, 민소영, 김인숙, 강현삼 忠北大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1988 遺傳工學硏究 Vol.2 No.1

본문참고

산업환경에서 입력된 카메라영상에서의 한글 특성 추출을 위한 문자분리에 관한 연구

강승훈,채옥삼 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 1999 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.-

In this paper, we propose a segmentation method to extract Korean characters from the image taken by a video camera under the uncontrolled industrial environment. Unlike the input data obtained through the image scanner, the camera image contains various background features including shades caused by background objects and background picture. Thus, it is almost impossible to extract the characters from the camera image by using the global threshold algorithm typically used in most of the Korean character recognition algorithms developed so far. To solve this problem, we propose a method consisting of the gradient direction based stroke candidate detection and the stroke expansion. The test results show that the proposed algorithm can reliably extract the Korean characters under the various input conditions. It also shows that the development of a Korean character recognition system for industrial environment is possible.

쥐췌장 베타세포 소배양법의 생리적 검정

고광삼,김성식,김양균,이근배 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1984 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.9 No.1

쥐 췌장 베타세포의 소 배양법에 대한 생리적 반응을 알아보기 위하여 cell density를 측정하는 방법으로 DNA 농도를 측정하였고, cell density가 intracellular와 extracellular immunoreactive insulin (IRI) 농도에 미치는 영향을 검토하였으며, glucose, arginine, isoleucine 및 leucine이 insulin 분비에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 그 결과 DNA 농도는 배양후 2일째에 가장 높았으며, intracellular IRI은 배양후 6일째까지 점차적으로 증가되었고, extracellular IRI은 배양시작후 8일째까지 증가되었으나 그후 감소되었다. Cell density는 intracellular IRI와 extracellular IRI 농도에 영향을 주지 않았으며, glucose는 0~300㎎/100㎖ 농도에서 점차적으로 IRI 분비를 증가시켰으나 300~500㎎/100㎖ 농도에서는 변화가 없었다. Leucine은 IRI 분비를 3배증가시켰으며, arginine과 isoleucine은 2배 증가시켰다. 이로 미루어 보아 본 연구에 이용한 쥐 췌장 베타세포와 소 배양법으로 배양한 쥐 췌장 베타세포는 적절한 생리적 반응을 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다. Physiological responses of monolayered mouse beta cell vary according to culture conditons. These cells maintained normal morphological characteristics when cultured in a microculture system. Following determination of DNA concentration as a means of measuring cell density, the effect of cell density on intracellular and extracellular immunoreactive insulin (IRI) conccntration was determmed. Then the effect of glucose, arginine, isoleucine and lencine on insuline secretions was evaluated. When 2 davs old cultures with cell densities between 10^(3) and 10^(6) were compared. the increase of DNA concentration was highest in the 2 days old cultures and no further change by the 14th days. The intracellular IRI through the increase of cell population increased progressively up to culture day 6, and then slowly decreased. Extracellular IRI increased until day 8 and then decreased thereafter regardless cell density. The production of either intracellular or extracellular IRI was therefore independent from the density of cultured cells, Exposure to glucose in the range of 0 to 300㎎/100㎖ resulted in a progressive increase of IRI secretions, but from 300 to 500㎎/100㎖ there was no change. Exposure to leucine resulted in a three-fold increase of IRI secretions, whereas arginine and isoleucine caused these microcultured mouse beta cells to double their IRI secretions. This invetigation, therefore, not only demonstrated that cultured cells in the microculture system were morphologically normal, but also the system was suitable for studies of physiological responses to various culture conditions of murine pancreatic beta cells.

A Study of the Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui (兩景揆日儀) in the Joseon Dynasty

Yong Sam Lee,Sang Hyuk Kim,Byeong-Hee Mihn 한국우주과학회 2015 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.32 No.1

The Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui (兩景揆日儀) is a kind of elevation sundial using three wooden plates. Sang-hyeok Lee (李尙爀, 1810~?) and Byeong-cheol Nam (南秉哲, 1817~1863) gave descriptions of this sundial and explained how to use it in their Gyu-il-go (揆日考) and Ui-gi-jip-seol (儀器輯說), respectively. According to Gyu-il-go (揆日考) there are two horizontal plates and two vertical plates that have lines of season and time. Subseasonal (節候) lines are engraved between seasonal (節氣) lines, subdividing the interval into three equal lines of Cho-hu (初候, early subseason), Jung-hu (中候, mid subseason) and Mal-hu (末候, late subseason); there are 13 seasonal lines for a year, thus resulting in 37 subseasonal lines; also, there are 12 double-hour (時辰) lines for a day engraved on these plates. The only remaining artifact of Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui was made in 1849 (the 15th year of Heon-jong) and is kept at the Korea University Museum. We have compared and analyzed Yanggyeong- gyu-il-ui and similar western sundials. Also, we have reviewed the scientific aspect of this artifact and built a replica. Yang-gyeong-gyu-il-ui is a new model enhanced from the miniaturization development in the early Joseon Dynasty and can be applied to the southern part of the tropic line through a structure change.

居昌郡 住民의 中心地利用(Ⅰ)

李成浩,崔三鎔 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1984 社會科學論叢 Vol.3 No.1

During the last two'decades the nation has experienced a drastic change of the nation-wide spatial features. The economic expansion of the industrial bases in general and the dynamic growth of manufacturing in particular have persisted in the process of a series of economic development schemes, along with the physical land plans, resulting in the phenomenal transformation in the existing spatial framework of the nation. Especially, the construction of the national expressway networks was a propellent for changes in the various facets of the environment, physical and socio-cultural. Even though the highway network, together with facility of communication system, has helped to speed up the flow of the man and goods among region, it has been also as factor for the regional development in the typical rural hinterland. It is assumed that once a new highway is built up, the people in nearby area affected by the barrier of physical environment will receive many facets of environmental impacts in daily life. One of its positive side-effects is the increase of opportunities in terms of social and economic activities, because people, set free from the physical barrier, are provided with the easy access for information and movement. This paper is primarily concerned with the finding of the perceived behavioral modes in a typical from communities in relation to the utilization of the central places; it is also aimed at providing some useful information of socio-economic status in the physically isolated rural area by which a new highway under near completion will be passed. Geochang-gun(郡) was selected for the case study. Tweleve sruvey units, of which one unit consisits of 18 subitems, were selected to obtain the broad scales of socio-economic data through interview with residents to see how activity or perceived activity is related to the basic socio-economic structure and how people respond to their needs of certain services such as education, shopping movement of residents, choice of place for jobs. Some characteristics found out through the analysis can be as follows. First, Geochang-gun belongs to an isolated rural society with dominant mode of farming activity in which the traditional value of life is prevalent but the changes in the socio-economic environment loom through diffusion of innovation. Second, it seems that most farming communities have faced the trend of population decrease due to outmigration toward urban areas while Geochang-eup(邑), a central place town, has shown the opposite effect for its strong tertiary industrial activities. Third, it is identified that Geochang-eup has played more important central place functions relative to its comparable counterparts in the size of population because of lack of compective towns or cities at the perimeter of the 50km radius. Fourth, in relation to the perceived level of familiarity for neighbor cities, people seem to be biased toward such factors as distance from cities, functions respective city provides, centrality of each and presence of kinfolks and friends. Perceived levels for neighbor cities appeared in the order of Daegu, Busan, Seoul and Junju. Fifth, as regard the perception for resident movement, it seems that people are directly influenced by personal motive personal experience as to the purpose of movement, the time-interval for residence, the nature of movable place and distance. The preferred place for seeking jobs wes choiced in the order of Busan, Daegu, Seoul, Geochang-eup and Jinju whereas the desirable place for the higher education appeared in the order of Daegu, Seoul and Jinju. Sixth, according to the analysis of utility of central place facilities based on 4 class of 15 items, most people have been relied on Geochang-eup Daegu city for meeting their needs for services. Daegu shows more acceptance in the highest order functions in the hierarchy, while Geochang-eup receives a broad scale of preference in the upper three order functions and village centers dominate the fourth order function. Seventh, it is identified that the social status of the local residents reflects the differences in th preference of the central place. As a result of this basic analysis, it is felt that the present paper serves a useful but limited purpose by drawing attention to the behavioral aspects of social environment which need to be through investigated in the follow-up research in the near future.

急性中毒肝의 組織學的 및 組織化學的 變化와 肝機能檢査에 關한 硏究

申誠姬,崔三任,金象皓 (사)한국여자의사회 1983 한국여자의사회지 Vol.8 No.1

Calcium Hydroxide 처리가 양앵두 果實의 品質에 미치는 영향

정삼택,김유신,전상항,김익홍 경북대학교 1990 새마을 硏究論叢 Vol.11 No.-

양앵두 佐藤錦 및 Napoleon品種을 供試하여 Ca(OH)_2 處理濃度 및 處理回數에 따른 果實生長, 果實品質, 칼슘축적 및 裂果에 미치는 影響을 調査하였던바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 양앵두 果實生長은 佐藤錦품종에서 收穫1週前 Ca(OH)_2 처리농도간에는 차이가 없었으나, Napoleon품종에서 Ca(OH)_2 처리회수가 증가 할수록 抑制되었다. 2. 可溶性 固形物과 Anthocyanin함량은 Ca(OH)_2 처리농도 및 처리회수를 증가 할수록 감소하였으나, 유기산 함량은 증가하였다. 3. 果實內 칼슘축적은 Ca(OH)_2 처리농도 및 처리회수가 증가 할수록 증가하였고, 佐藤錦 품종에서 과실내 칼슘함량은 과피, 종자, 과육, 핵의 순이였고, Napoleon품종에서는 종자, 과피, 과육, 핵의 순이였다. 4. 裂果방지를 위한 Ca(OH)_2 처리는 7.2g/l를 수확 3주전부터 1週間隔으로 3회 살포하는 것이 열과를 감소시키는데 효과적이였다. The study was conducted to investigate the influences of several concentrations of Ca(OH)_2 and application time on fruit growth, quality, contents of Ca in fruits and cracking of 'sa Tou Nisiki' and 'Napoleon' sweet cherry. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. In Ca(OH)_2 treatments, the fruit growth of 'Sa Tou Nisiki' and 'Napoleon' sweet cherry was not influenced by its concentrations but by application times of Ca(OH)_2. 2. Contents of soluble solids and anthocyanin according to concentreation and application of Ca(OH)_2 were decreased, while titratable acidity was increased respectively. 3. Contents of Ca in the fruit according to concentration and application of Ca(OH)_2 were increased and Ca contents in both fruits differ from fruit portions. 4. Preharvest application of Ca(OH)_2 by 0.72% and three times applications reduced cracking of 'Sa Tou Nisiki' and 'Napoleon' sweet cherry. From these results, twice applications of Ca(OH)_2 to the sweet cherry are recommended for the best fruit quality, the authors believed.

맥동추출탑의 조작특성에 관한 연구

김해성,강삼룡 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1984 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The operating characteristics of a pulsed-plate extraction column was investigated by comparing the steady state concentration profiles to the theoretical values of diffusion model in ease that the organic solvent was continuous in a aqueous acetic acid solution - 30% MIBK kerosene extraction system. Experimental results conformed the validity of diffusion model and theoretical index of phase selection was induced on the basis of operating condition that seperation factor should be unity.

Korean Dictionaries and Some Model Dictionaries of the World : Critical Essays toward the Plan for a New Korean Dictionary

Lee, Sang Sup,Nam, Ki Shim,Ahn, Sam Huan,Choi, Young Ai,Hong, Chai Song 연세대학교 언어정보개발원 1988 사전편찬학 연구 Vol.1 No.1

After briefly reviewing the history of lexcoigraphy in modem Korea, Nam Kishim tackles many problems created by the general deficiency of current Korean monolingual dictionaries in phonological morphological and semantic points. For example, most Korean dictionaries do not treat such phonological changes as the shortening of the stem vowel ㅓ in 더운, the prenominal form of the adjective 덥다, whose stem vowel ㅓ is pronounced long. He also takes issue with the practice of Korean dictionaries of including all kinds of proper names on little reliable principles : a typical dictionary enters a 600m-high hill while excluding better-known mountains higher than that. Hong Chai-song concentrates on the often misguiding information on transitive / intransitive verbs in current dictionaries. For example, a representative dictionary designates the verb 뛰다 simply as intransitive. But it is quite often used as an transitive also. In the sentence, 철수는 운동장을 뛰었다, 운동장 is the object of the transitive verb 뛰다. How could the compilers miss such an obvious fact? Hong suggests that they may have not been interested in being grammatically informative. A historical survey of the Oxford English Dictionary(OED) is given by Lee Sang-sup, with special emphasis on the vast amount of quotations from real sources contributed by thousands of volunteer readers through several decades and on its unwavering historical principle. A comparison between the OED's definition of Kimchi and a Korean dictionary's 김치 is given, showing the difference of principle in treating the same lexical item. Ahn Sam-huan presents a detailed account of Grimm's Deutsches Wo¨rterbuch which took generations of German lexicographers 133 years from its inception to its completion in 1971. On the basis of his study, Ahn suggests that future dictionary makers should cooperate as a group on a long-range comprehensive project. A moltivolume dictionary is an all-important cultural event for the whole nation, not to be influenced by private commercial interests. Choi Young-ai's survey of Chinese lexicography highlights the now on-going publication of 漢語字典 and 漢語詞典, admirable results of the cooperative effort of hundreds of Chinese scholars, a modus operandi for the Yonsei University graze to adopt in planning a new dictionary of the Korean language.