위상배열 초음파를 이용한 터빈 블레이드 루트부내 결함평가 기법 연구

조용상,정계조,박상기,김재훈 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.24 No.2

초음파검사는 재료의 표면 또는 내부에 존재하는 불 연속부를 검출하기 위해, 초음파를 재료에 전달시켜 검사하는 비파괴검사법의 일종이다. 이러한 일반 초음파검사 방법 및 일반 결함평가 방법은 복잡한 현상에서 반사되는 신호로부터 결함을 구분하기가 어려워 결함의 평가 및 검사결과에 신뢰성이 떨어지고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 이러한 crack성 결함의 발생 가능성이 높으나 기존의 초음파검사 방법으로는 결함 판별에 어려움이 있는 설비에서의 검사방법 및 결함평가 방법의 제고가 필수 불가결한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 위상배열 초음파를 사용하여 크랙 검출능력이 높고 길이 평가가 가장 정확한 방사각도를 규명하고, 주요발전설비중 하나인 터빈에 적용하였다. 기존의 초음파 검사 방식이 아닌 위상배열 초음파를 이용하여 결함의 크기를 평가할 수 있는 신 기법 및 이를 이용하여 터빈 블레이드 루트부 내에 존재하는 미세 결함에 대하여 크기평가 방법 및 결함탐지 방법에 대하여 고찰하였다. Ultrasonic testing is a kind of nondestructive test to detect a crack or discontinuity in materials or on material surfaces by sending ultrasound to it. This conventional ultrasonic technique has some limitations in reliably detecting crack or accurately assessing materials in the case of complex-shaped power plant components such as a turbine blade root. An alternative method for such a difficult inspection is highly needed. In this study, application of a phased array ultrasonic testing (UT) system to a turbine blade, one of the critical power plant components, has been considered, and the particular incident angle has been determined so that the greatest crack detectability and the most accurate crack length evaluation may be achieved. The response of ultrasonic phased array was also analyzed to establish a special method to determine the crack length without moving the transducer. The result showed that the developed method for crack length assessment is a more accurate and effective method, compared with the conventional method.

腫瘍의 화학요법과 放射線療法의 副作用에 대한 韓方藥物療法

곽계호,김성훈,임낙철 대한동의병리학회 1995 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.9 No.2

연구배경 : 국내 질병에 의한 사망률중 암에 의한 것이 최상위를 차지하고 있으며 또한 그 비율이 점차 증가추세에 있다. 지금까지 국내외에서 암의 예방과 치료법에 대하여 대규모 연구가 진행되어 많은 함암제가 개발되었으나 여러 부작용이 나타나면서 최근에는 암의 치료를 극대화하면서 여러 항암치료의 부작용을 감소시키기 위한 생약 및 한약에 대한 연 구가 활발히 진행되고 있어, 저자는 향후한약을 이용한 실험연구와 임상에 기여하고자 제 관련 문헌을 정리 조사하여 보고하게 되었다. 방법 : 한의학에서의 연구동향과 암치료에 널리 활용되고 있는 화학료법 및 방사선료법의 부작용감소를 위한 한방약물료법에 관해 한의학의 중요서적과 잡지를 중심으로 정리하고 비교 고찰하였다. 결과 : 종양치료에 활용된 치법으로는 부정법(扶正法)과 거사법(祛邪法)으로 크게 나눌수 있는데 부정법에 활용된 약물로는 삼류와 백출, 황기, 복령, 감초, 자감초, 당귀, 백작약, 생지황, 숙지황 등의 약물이 선용되었으며, 거사약물로는 백화사설초, 반지련, 석상백외 18종 이 주로사용되었고, 종양치료에 실험 및 임상에서 유효하였던 처방은 화류탕등을 비롯 다 양한 처방이 면역 기능을 증강시켜 부작용감소 및 병용투여에서 상승효과를 나타냈다. To be helpful to the treatment of cancer with oriental medicine, we got clinical report together and analyzed the data. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The treating methods could be summarized as two methods that were reinforcing vital energy and eliminating harmful Qi; The methods of reinforcing vital energy were reinforcing spleen and increasing Qi; reinforcing spleen and harmonize stomach, aid virility and nourishing blood, nourishing stomach and incresing body fluid, reinforcing kidney and strength the basic energy, warmth kidney and aid virility. The other methods of eliminating poison were transforming pathological fluid and softening activating blood, transforming pathological blood, guiding Qi, take off and harmonize harmful body fluid, disperse Qi and dry the dampness, transforming pathological blood and harmonize moisture. 2. The oriental herbs used for reinforcing vital energy were Radix Ginseng, Codonops is Pilosulae Radix, Radix Pseudostellariae, Adenophorae Radix, Scrophulariae Radix, Astractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Poria, Gylcyrrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Paeonilae Radix Alba, Rehmanniae Radix and used for eliminating harmful Qi were Oldenlindiae Diffusae Herba, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae, Paridis Rhizoma, Verbenae Herba, Smilacis Chlnae Rhizoma, Radix Semiaquilegiae, Houttuynae Herba et. 3.The useful prescriptions used for cancer therapy were Hwalyutang Yukmijihwangtang, Yonghosinchonghwan, Bokbangkyokolamtang, Yikki-sojeungbang, Samchobujeonhangamchungjye and Bokbangkyokolamtang, Yikksojeungbang were reported to be effective in immunodulatory reaction and Bokbangsamsahapjye, Sibjeondaeboang, Gagyulpijukyeotang, Hwayebokwontang showed the combined treatment with anticancer drug was effective and Hangamlyeong(抗癌靈) was effective for pain caused by cancer. 4.The useful antitumor effective prescriptions in experimental investi-sation were Yikikeonbihabjye, Keon biiksinchungjye, Bisinbang, Sankyeol pyeolpyeon, Hangamdanhyeokkeombokbang, Janglyupyeong, HangamIIho, Keonbiyikitang, Yikkiisojingbang, Sakunjatang, Bokbanggyongkyejusayek, Bujeonghangambang, Bokbangjungyakjusayek, Yukmijihwangtang, Samchobujeonghangamchungjae, Samkijusayek, Yikkiyanghyeolbowonkyonang, Samyongtang-Bojungikkitang, Soyinibo-jungikang among them Bisinbang, keonbiiksinchungjye, Janglyup-yeong, Keonbiyikitang, Yikkisojingbang, Yukmijihwangtang, Keumku-esinkihwan were showed antitumor effect by regulate immunity function. 5. The main treatment for the side effect by chemotheraphy was reinforcing Qi, spleen and harmonize stomach and Omisodokyeum, Hyangsaynkkunjatang, Yijintang, Kamlosodokdan, Silbiyeum, Hageojye-johwan, Sibjeondaebotang, Olyeongsan, Sobanhakaboklyeongtang, seung-baektang, Bisinbang, Keonbiyiksinbang, Sambaekdangjang, Bokbang-samsahabjye, Keonbiyikitang, Janganseungbaekchungjye, Kobonkeoe I ho, Bokihwawejikubang, Bokbangsaenghyeolyeng, Keonbiyikkibosinbang, Hwangbaekhabjye, Yukkunjatang, Seonbokdaejatang, Bangdoktang, Hwangjeongomibang, seunghyeoltang, Kilpijukyetang, Sakunjatang, Yikkibohy-eolkeonbitang, Kangyeoktang,Samkijusayaek, Bujeongseungbaektang, Yukmijihwanghwan, were suggested for the side effect by chemotheraphy. 6. The main treatment for the side effect by radiotheraphy was increasing Yin and clarifying heat, Sasammaekmundongtang, Boyeum-jeon, Maekmundongyeum, Dangkwibohyeltang, Paljintang, Bowontang, Yukkunjatang, Pyeongwesan, samintang, Kwakrakhalywongtang, Cheon-keumwekyeongtang, Sohamhamhyungtang, Paljeongsan, Sokyeoyeumja, Kalkeunkeumlyeongtang, Yeonlitang, Yilkwanjeon Oklyeojeon, Yukmijihwangtang, Hwangiyeontang, Hwanglyeonhaedoktang, Yangyeumcheongpyeoko, Yidongko, Chuliko, Cheongpyeotang, Jayeumkanghwatang, Hangbiyinam I ho, Hangbiyinam II ho, Hangbiyinam III ho, Hangbyinam IV ho, Jukyeoseokkotang, Samsatang I ho, Samsatang II ho, Samsatang, Bokbanggsaenghyeollyeng, Bujeongsaengjintang, Yikkiyangyeumbang, Sinlibpyeon, Sakunjatang, Sakunjatang, Kobonyik-kitang, keoehaedoktang, Bujeongjeunghyohabjye, were suggested for the side effect by radiotheraphy. 7. The useful prescription for the side effect by chemotheraphy and radiotherapy in experimental investigation were Hwangbaekhabjye, Sakunjatang, Yikkibohyeolkeonbitang, Bujeongsaengjintang, Samchobu

사회이야기를 통한 자폐성 아동의 사회적 행동 중재에 관한 연구

박계신,이상복 大邱大學校 特殊敎育·再活科學硏究所 2000 特殊敎育硏究 Vol.23 No.1

본 연구는 문헌을 통하여 자폐아동의 사회적 행동 특성과 사회적 행동 결함을 설명하는 이론적 모델들을 알아보고 최근 자폐아동의 사회적 행동 중재 방법으로 제시된 사회이야기 프로그램과 그 효과에 대한 선행연구 결과를 검토하였다. 자폐아동은 사회적 방향정위, 모방, 사회적 인지 등의 사회성이나 사회적 관계형성 및 유지, 감정 발달에 있어서의 결함을 갖는다. 자폐아동의 사회적 행동 결함을 설명하는 이론적 모델은 다양하게 전개되어 왔으며 이러한 모델은 모두 적절한 사회적 행동 개발 프로그램의 필요성에 의견을 같이하고 있다. 사회이야기는 자폐아동들이 마음이론(theory of mind)에 결함을 갖기 때문에 사회적 행동에 있어서 결함을 갖는다는 이론적 기초를 가지며, 자폐증 아동들에게 적절한 사회적 기술들을 가르치기 위해 그들의 학습양식에 적절한 시각적 자극을 이용한다. 문헌 검토결과 사회이야기는 자폐아동의 공격행동의 사전조절 가능성 중대, 불안감소, 새로운 규칙이나 사회적 행동 학습을 위해 뚜렷한 효과가 있었다. 이와 같은 검토결과와 판련하여 본 연구에는 보다 효과적인 사회 이야기 프로그램 개발을 위한 연구과제가 제시되었다. Social impairment is one of the major identifying characteristics of autism and its presence has been well documented. Even individuals with autism who are verbal and have average to above-average intelligence have significant difficulty understanding or empathizing with the thoughts and feelings of others and therefore, often have problems forming friendships. There are four theoretical models of social impairments in autism and they all. agree with that Children with autism are needed social skill program. Social story are written by parents or professionals to describe social situations that are difficult and/or confusing for children with autism. Each story focus on describing and explaining the social situations in terms of relevant social cues and is written with consideration of a child's abilities and learning style. These study analysis the effect of Social story through many research literatures about social story program and addresses some suggestions for more successful social story intervention.

당밀의 첨가가 갈근탕박 사일리지의 품질과 산양의 기호성에 미치는 영향

김성복,문계봉,이봉덕,오홍록,배형철,이수기 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2006 농업과학연구 Vol.33 No.1

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of molasses supplementation to silage materials in ensiling Galgeuntang (herbal medicine) meal on the quality of silage, and its palatability in Korean native goats. In experiment Ⅰ, molasses was added at the levels of 0, 0.5, and 1.0% to Galgeuntang meal with three replicates per treatment. In experiment Ⅱ, three 1.5-yr-old Korean native goats were used to measure palatability. In experiment Ⅰ, lactic acid contents in molasses treatments were significantly(p<0.05) higher, and pH and butyric acid contents were lower than those of non-molasses treatment. In addition, molasses treatment increased total microbial cell counts in MRS medium for lactobacillus, but decreased total microbial cell counts in PDA medium for fungi. Molasses supplementation to silage materials increased in vitro dry matter disappearance. Molasses supplementation tended to increase silage intake in Korean native goat (experiment Ⅱ), but the difference was not significant(p>0.05). It is concluded that molasses supplementation to silage materials in ensiling herbal medicine meal could improve its preservability and palatability, the higher the better.

보행속력과 동작의 부드러움과의 상관관계에 관한 연구

탁계래,한영민,최진승,이정한,임영태,전재훈,박상균,박승하,Stefanyshin Darren 한국운동역학회 2006 한국운동역학회지 Vol.16 No.1

이온교환수지를 이용한 새로운 오메프라졸 복합체 개발

이계주,이기명,김은영,이창현,황성주 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1994 藥學論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Omeprazole(OMZ)-cholestyramine(CHL) and various OMZ-Dowex resin complexes were prepared by reaction between OMZ and activated resins in 0.1N NaOH solution. And their physical properties were tested by means of infrared(IR), differential scaning caloimeter(I)SC), X-ray diffraction. Chemical stability of OMZ-CHL was increased markedly compared with OMZ and the decomposition of OMZ-CHI, followed the pseudo first-order kinetics and the rate constants were 2.743×10 ^4/day at 20℃, 7.83×10 ^3day under 80% RH and 1.68×10 ^2day under UV radiation, respectively. On the other hand, the rate constants of OMZ were 2.996×10 ^4day at 20℃, 1.17×10 ^4day under 85% RH, and 4.07×10^2 day under UV radiation, respectively. The rates of dissolution of OMZ-CHL bulk and OMZ-CHI, tablet were 100% and more than 85% in 15 minutes, respectively, which were increased than OMZ base and OMZ-tablet. In the acute toxicological test, the value of oral LD_50(mouse) was 4.608 g/㎏. OMZ-CHL was pelletized using lactose, polyethyle neglycol(PEG), D-sorbitol, Avicel PH 101, sodium laurylsulfate and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) K-30, and enteric coated with HPMCP, Myvacet, acetone, ethanol and cetanol, of which dissolution rate was found to be more than 85% in 10 minutes. From the above results, it was found that OMZ-OML, is a useful means for development of new oral dosage forms of OMZ.

치아 연마용 인산일수소칼슘의 합성 및 물리화학적 성질

서성수,황성주,이기명,이계주 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1993 藥學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

Dental abrasive, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) was prepared and the several important factors affecting on the quality of toothpaste were investigated by means of set test, glycerine absorption, Coulter counter test, color difference, BET adsorption, mercury porosimetery, and rheogram comparing with two foreign DCPDs, MFO4 and Dentphos K. Sample DCPD was prepared by reaction between 85% H_3PO_4 and 15% milk of lime at 39℃ (pH 6.5), and stabilized with TSPP and TMP. The physicochemical properties of Sample DCPD were obtained as follows: whiteness (98.99), average particle size (15.5㎛), pH(7.9), remainder particle weight (0.49 w/w%), glycerine absorption value (64㎖), and set test (passed). N_2 adsorption curves (BET) of three kinds of DCPD showed non-porous type Ⅲ isotherm. BET adsorption parameters of sample DCPD showed that surface area was 24.9 ㎡/g, total pore volume 0.09 ㎤/g and average pore radius 72.0Å. The rheogram of the toothpaste containing each DCPD showed bulged plastic flow with yield value and thixotropic behavior. These results meet standard requirements as abrasive standard, and suggested that synthesized sample DCPD could be used a dental abrasive such as a high quality grade in practice as foreign DCPDs.

Sodium bicarbonate와 Sodium cirate투여가 산 - 염기 평형과 무산소성 지구력에 미치는 영향

조성계,전태원,김태형,안양옥 師範大學 體育硏究所 1992 서울大學校 體育硏究所論集 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate loading on acid-base balance and anaerobic endurance. The subjects of this study were 6 healthy male university students. Six subjects (VO₂?: 63±10.3ml/㎏/min) were studied on five conditions following ingestion of 300ml solution containing a current sports-beverage (P: placebo) or sodium bicarbonate (B₁:240㎎/㎏ body weight, B₂: 300㎎/㎏ body weight), or sodium citrate (C₁: 240㎎/㎏ body weight, C₂: 300㎎/㎏ body weight). Arterialized-venous blood samples were drawn at specific time (pre-treatment=90 minute before treadmill running test, pre-exercise, recovery 3min, recovery 15min) and analyzed for blood pH, blood lactate concentration and blood HCO₃­concentration. Also, urine samples were taken three times (pre-treatment, pre-exercise, recovery 15min) for urine pH. Anaerobic endurance was determined by measuring exercise time to exhaustion at 95% VO₂? The results were as followings; 1. Urine pH at pre-treatment showed insignificant difference among five conditions. Urine pH at pre-exercise was highest in B₁and lowest in p(B₁>C₂>B₂>C₁>p; p<.001). At recovery 15min, urine oH showed significant difference among five conditions (B₁>B₂>C₂>C₁>p; p<.001). 2. Blood pH at pre-treatment showed insignificant difference among five conditions. But pre-exercise blood pH increased significantly in four conditions except placebo condition. And blood pH was highest in B₂ and lowest in p (B₂>B₁>C₂>C₁<p; p<.01). After 95% VO₂?exercise, blood pH decreased significantly in all conditions. And blood pH at recovery 3min was highest in B₁and lowest in P (B₁>B₂>C₂>C₁>p; p<.05). Blood pH at recovery 15min was higher than that at recovery 3min and didn’t show significant difference among five conditions. Rate of recovery at 15min after exercise was trended to be higher in C₁and C₂. 3. Blood HCO₃­concentration at pre-treatment didn’t show significant difference among five conditions pre-exercise blood HCO₃­concentration increased significantly in four conditions except placebo condition. And blood HCO₃­concentration was highest in B₁and lowest in P(B₁>B₂>C₂>C₁>p; p<.05). After exercise, blood HCO₃­concentration decreased significantly in all conditions but didn’t show significant difference among five conditions. Blood HCO₃­concentration at recovery 3min was highest in B₁and lowest in P (B₁<C₂>C₁>P). Blood HCO₃­concentration at recovery 15min was higjest in B₁and lowest in P (B₁<C₂>B₂>C₁>P). Blood HCO₃­concentration at recovery 15min was higher than that at recovery 3min but didn’t show significant difference among five conditions. Rate of recovery at 15min after exercise was highest in c₁and lowest in B₂(C₁>C₂>P>B₁>B₂). 4. Blood HLa concentration didn’t show significant difference among five conditions at pre-treatment, pre-exercise, recovery 3min and recovery 15min. Accumulation of blood HLa at recovery 3min was highest in B₂and lowest in P (B₂>B₁>C₁=C₂>P). Rate of recovery at 15min after exercise was 45%, 30%, 43%, 46% and 46% in P₁, B₁,B₂, C₁ and C₂, respectively. And rate of recovery was highest in C₁and C₂, and lowest in B₁(C₁=C₂>P>B₂>B₁). 5. There was not significant difference among anaerobic endurances under the five conditions. However, the exercise time to exhaustion in B₁, B₂, C₂ improved 19.5s(4.9%), 53.8s(14.5%), 59.3s(14.8%) and 75.2s(18.7%) compared to P, respectively. From these results, we concluded that ingestion of sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrace prior to exercise induces alkalosis and may affects the improvement of anaerobic endurance, and sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate can be used as a effective ergogenic aid. And improvement of anaerobic performance induced alkalotic dosage expect to be higher in sodium citrate than in sodium bicarbonate and higher in 300mg sodium citrate/㎏ body weight than 240mg sodium citrate/㎏ body weight.

나프록센 함유 방출제어형 패취의 제제설계 및 평가

이계주,홍석천,황성주 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1999 藥學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study is to prepare he controlled release adhesive patch containing naproxen. Pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA)-type patch was fabricated by casting of polyisobutylene (PIB) and mineral oil in toluene. Membrane-controlled release (MCR)-type patch was prepared by the attachment of the controlled release membrane on the PSA-type patch. The membrane was mainly composed of Eugragit. polyethylene glycol(PEG) and glycerin. The drug release profile and skin permeation test with various patches were evaluated in vitro. The release of naproxen from PIB-based PSA-type patch with various loading dosed fitted Higuchi's diffusion equation. However, the permeation of naproxen through hairless mouse skin from PSA-type patch followed zero-order kinetics. In MCR-type patch, thickness of controlled release membrane affected on the drug release rate highly. In the composition of membrane the release rate was decreased as the ratio of Eudragit increased. The drug release from the MCR-type patch followed zero order kinetics. The permeation of naproxen through hairless mouse skin from MCR-type patch showed lag time for the intial release period and didn't fit the zero-order kinetics.

실버타운 거주자의 여가인식에 관한 연구

박성계,김영명 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 1996 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study was to identify the situation of the aged leisure activity the facility in silver town, and laying out the vitalization scheme for aged leisure activity. Subjects of this study were sampled 291 the aged(143 male, 148 female) over 55 years residents in the silver town. Statistical techniques to analyze the data were frequency, χ²-test. The findings obtained from this study were followings. 1. The recognition of the leisure activity 1) The necessity of the lifetime physical training are different according to gender, age and level of education. 2) The most important thing to keep health is the regular training. and there are different according to gender and age. 3) The effect to be obtained from the leisure activity is the maintenance and improvement of health. and there are different according to gender and age. 2. The facility of the leisure activity 1) Using the facility of the leisure activity are different according to gender, age and level of education. 2) The degrees of satisfaction of the leisure facility are different according to gender, age and level of education. 3) The necessary leisure facility is the athletic park. and there are different according to age and level of education. 3. The vitalization scheme for leisure activity 1) The vitalization scheme for leisure activity is the financial supports. and there are different according to gender, age and level of education. 2) The organization to improve aged leisure activity is private organization and there are different according to age and level of education.