변색 실활치에 대한 carbamide peroxide gel의 표백효과

박선아,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,윤창,박영준,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

The bleaching of discolored nonvital teeth is conservative treatement that satisfy the cosmetic desire. The most common method for this treatement, walking bleaching, is using 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Many alternatives are suggested for preventing the external cervical root resorption that is the common complication of the nonvital teeth bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide. The same extent of oxidation reactions as that resulted by the bleaching with the application of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate can also be acquired more safely by materials that contain 10% carbamide peroxide, used primarily for the bleaching of vital teeth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in nonvatal teeth bleaching. The internal bleaching of intentionally discolored teeth was performed in vitro with 10% carbamide peroxide (Group 1), 15% carbamide peroxide (Group 2), mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate (Group 3), and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate (Group 4). The bleaching materials were refreshed following 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. To evaluate the bleaching effect, the color change of the crowns was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 days of bleaching using the colorimeter. The results were as follows : 1. L^* and ΔE^* values were increased with time in all bleaching agents(p<0.01). 2. There was no significant difference in L^* and ΔE^* value among bleaching agents. 3. Δ^* value higher than 3 was shown after 3 days of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel, 1 day with 15% carbamide peroxide gel, 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and distilled water and 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide, respectively. These results revealed that the use of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in non-vital teeth bleaching is as effective as mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Accordingly, carbamide peroxide could be used clinically to bleach discolored non-vital teeth.

백서에서 Depulpin®과 Formocresol에 대한 치수와 치근단 조직의 반응

문형인,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,황인남,김선헌,정선와,윤창,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

One fifth dilution of formocresol is usually for pulpotomy of the primary teeth and emergency pulpotomy of the permanent teeth. However, the use of formaldehyde has been subjected to criticism because it may be absorbed into the blood stream and become distributed systemically, it may also alter the pulp tissue rendering it immumologically active, and have carcinogenic potential. Recently Depulpin®(VoCo., Germany) gains popularity as a devitalizing agent during root canal therapy in spite of high concentration of 49% paraformaldehyde because it facilitate devitalization of pulp and make root canal therapy easier. But there have been not enough publications about the reaction of pulp and periapical tissue caused by Depulpin. This study was performed to evaluate the histological changes in pulp and periapical tissue of rats after pulpotomy using formocresol and Depulpin and to elucidate the toxic effects of these agents. Thirty six Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine. Maxillary first molar teeth were used for pulpotomy with formocresol and Depulpin. Rats were sacrificed after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. Specimens were histologically observed by light microscope changes in pulp and periapical tissue. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Formocresol group A zone of fixed tissue, in which odontoblasts could clearly be defined, was present directly underneath the pulpotomy dressing in almost all teeth of this group. This was followed by an area of necrotic tissue which resembled dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular detail except some pyknotic nuclei. In the specimens of after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks in which vital tissue was present. it was separated from the fibrous area by a zone of inflammation. In the specimens of after 3 weeks and after 4 weeks, inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament adjacent to the apical foramina of the teeth. 2. Depulpin® group The area of necrotic tissue which had no cells and fibers , was present adjacent to the dressing. This was followed by dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular details except some pyknotic nucleli. A short stump of vital pulp with odontoblasts was present at the end of the canal after 2 days. Inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament after 4 days and after 1week. Severe root resorption and necrosis of periapical tissue opposite the root resorption site were defined after 2 weeks and after 3 weeks. Periapical lesion which consist of necrotic tissue surrounded by a fibrous connective wall. was found after 4 weeks. The results indicated that Depulpin can cause more adverse reaction to the dental pulp and periapical tissue than formocresol, and further studies are needed for its clinical use with safety.

적외선열화상장치를 이용한 Buchanan plugger 표면의 온도상승 분석

최성아,김선호,황윤찬,윤창,오병주,최보영,정우남,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the temperature rise on various position of the Buchanan plugger, the peak temperature of plugger's type and the temperature change by its touching time of heat control spring. The heat carrier system 'System B' (Model 1005. Analytic Technologies, USA) and the Buchanan's pluggers of F, FM, M and ML sizes are used for this study. The temperature was set to 200℃ which Dr. Buchanan's "continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended on digital display and the power level on it was set to 10. In order to apply heat on the Buchanan's pluggers, the heat control spring was touched for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 seconds respectively. The temperature rise on the surface of the pluggers were measured at 0.5 mm intervals from tip to 20 mm length of shank using the infraed thermography (Radiation Thermometer-IR temper, NEC San-ei Instruments, Ltd, Japan) and TH31-702 Data capture software program (NEC San-ei Instruments, Ltd, Japan). Data were analyzed using a one way ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple range test and linear regression test. The results as follows. 1. The position at which temperature peaked was approximately at 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm far from the tip of Buchanan's pluggers (p<0.001). The temperature was constantly decreased toward the shank from the tip of it(p<0.001). 2. When the pluggers were heated over 5 seconds, the peak temperature by time of measurement revealed from 253.3±10.5℃ to 192.1±3.3℃ in a touch for 1 sec, from 218.6±5.0℃ to 179.5±4.2℃ in a touch for 2 sec, from 197.5±3.0℃ to 167.6±3.7℃ in a touch for 3 sec, from 183.7±2.5℃ to 159.8±3.6℃ in a touch for 4 sec and from 164.9±2.0℃ to 158.4±1.8℃ in a touch for 5 sec. A touch for 1 sec showed the highest peak temperature, followed by, in descending order, 2 sec, 3 sec, 4 sec. A touch for 5 sec showed the lowest peak temperature (p<0.001). 3. A each type of pluggers showed different peak temperatures. The peak temperature was the highest in F type and followed by, in descending order, M type, ML type. FM type revealed the lowest peak temerature (p<0.001). The results of this study indicated that pluggers are designed to concentrate heat at around its tip, its actual temperature dose not correlate well with the temperature which Buchanan's "continuous wave of condensation" technique recommended, and finally a quick touch of heat control spring for 1 sec reveals the highest temperature rise.

초기 방습이 글래아이오노머 시멘트의 색안정성 및 투명도 변화에 미치는 영향

오원만,김선헌,정선와 大韓齒科保存學會 1994 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.19 No.1

중합광원과 레진 색상이 복합레진의 중합깊이에 미치는 영향

나준석,정선와,황윤찬,김선호,윤창,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.6

Purpose of this research is estimating polymerization depth of different source of light. XL 3000 for halogen light, Apollo 95E for plasma arc light and Easy cure for LED light source were used in this study. Different shade (B1 & A3) resin composites (Esthet-X, Dentsply, U.S.A.) were used to measure depth of cure. 1, 2, and 3 mm thick samples were light cured for three seconds, six seconds or 10 seconds with Apollo 95E and they were light cured with XL-3000 and Easy cure for 10 seconds, 20 seconds, or 40 seconds. Vicker's hardness test carried out after store samples for 24 hours in distilled water. Results were as following. 1. Curing time increases from all source of lights. curing depth increased(p<0.05). 2. Depth (that except 1mm group and 2mm group which lighten to halogen source of light) deepens in all groups, Vicker's hardness decreased(p<0.05). 3. Vicker's hardness of A3 shade composite was lower in all depths more than B1 shade composites in group that do polymerization for 10 seconds and 20 seconds using halogen source of light(p<0.05), but group that do polymerization for 40 seconds did not show difference(p>0.05). 4. Groups that do polymerization using Plasma arc and LED source of light did not show Vicker's hardness difference according to color at surface and 1mm depth(p>0.05), but showed difference according to color at 2mm and 3mm depth(p<0.05). The results showed that Apollo 95E need more polymerization times than manufacturer's recommendation (3 seconds), and Easy cure need polymerization time of XL-3000 at least.

수리된 복합레진 수복물의 전달결합강도 연구

최수영,정선와,황윤찬,김선호,윤창,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.6

This study was performed to evaluate the interfacial shear bond strength of base (direct and indirect) and repair composites with aging and surface treatment methods. Direct composites resin specimens (Charisma®, Heraeus Kulzer, Germany) were aged for 5 min, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 1 week in 37℃ distilled water before surface treatment, and then divided into five groups: Group 1, grinding; Group 2, grinding and application of bonding agent; Group 3, grinding, etching with 37% phosphoric acid for 30sec, and application of bonding agent; Group 4, grinding, etching with 37% phosphoric acid for 30sec, silane treatment, and application of bonding agent; Group 5, grinding, etching with 4% hydrofluoric acid for 30sec, silane treatment, and application of bonding agent. Indirect composite resin specimens (Artglass®, Heraeus Kulzer, Germany) were aged for 1 week in 37℃ distilled water and divided into seven groups: Group 1 - Group 5, equal to Charisma specimens; Group 6, grinding, etching 37% phosphoric acid for 60sec, silane treatment, and application of bonding agent; Group 7, grinding, etching with 4% hydrofluoric acid for 60 sec, silane treatment, and application of bonding agent. The repair material(Charisma®) was then added on the center of the surface (5mm in diameter, 5mm in height). The shear bond strength was tested and the data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Student-Newman-Keuls test. The following conclusions were drawn. 1. The shear bond strength of Charisma® specimens aged for 1 hour was significantly higher in Group 2 and Group 5 than in Group 1 (p<0.05), and that of Charisma® specimens aged for 1 week was significantly higher in Group 3 and Group 5 than in Group 1 (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the bond strength of specimens aged for 5 min and 24 hours. 2. In Group 2 of the Charisma® specimens, there was significant difference between the bond strength of 24 hours and that of 1 week (p<0.05). 3. In Group 4 of the Charisma® specimens, the shear bond strength of specimens aged for 24 hours was significantly higher than the others(p<0.05). 4. There was no significant diiference between the shear bond strength of the Artglass® specimens. 5. Most of the Charisma® specimens showed cohesive fractures. Artglass® specimens that were etched with acid(phosphoric or hydrofluoric) for 30 sec showed more cohesive fractures.

Distribution of Thioredoxin Peroxidase in the Teeth and Their Related Structures in Rats

Jung, Sun-Wa,Oh, Won-Mann 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

세포는 발생과정과 기능을 수행하는 과정에서 생성되는 활성산소에 의하여 계속적인 산화적 손상을 받게되며 이로 인하여 노화, 종양 및 여러 질환이 유발될 수 있다. 세포는 활성산소를 제거하여 산화적 손상을 방지 또는 지연시키는 여러 방어기전을 갖고 대표적인 내인성 항산화계를 들 수 있다. 최근 새로이 정제된 항산화효소 thioredoxin peroxidase은 아미노산서열이 동물 종간에 큰 차이가 없고 진화 과정 중에 고도로 보존되고 여러 아형이 보고되어 있지만 그들의 생물학적 역할, 특히 조직내에서의 역할 및 분포는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 발생기 치아는 기원을 달리하는 여러 유형의 세포들로 구성되어 있으며, 그 위치에 따라 성숙 정도가 다르며 성숙한 후에도 외부의 자극에 끊임없이 변화하기 때문에 thioredoxin peroxidase의 역할을 구명하는데 유용한 조직이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 thioredoxin peroxidase 6가지 유형 (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅵ)의 인체 thioredoxin peroxidase에 대한 가토 항체를 이용하여 발생기 흰쥐 및 성숙흰쥐에서 치아 및 치아와 관련되는 구조내에 thioredoxin peroxidase의 분포를 면역세포화학방법을 이용하여 구명하였다. 발생기 치아와 치아 관련 구조에서 thioredoxin peroxidase의 여러 아형은 다양한 정도의 염색성을 보였으며 특히 Ⅰ형, Ⅱ형, Ⅲ형에서 강한 양성 반응을 보였다. 그러나 발현 정도는 치아를 형성하는 세포의 발생 시기에 따라 달랐다. 즉, 분열능을 갖는 내치세포와 치유두세포는 면역성을 나타내지 않았으나 종말세포인 분비기 조상아세포와 조법랑세포는 대부분의 유형에 대하여 강한 염색성을 보였다. 발생기 Meckel 연골의 비대연골세포, 골세포 및 성숙 흰쥐의 조상아세포 또한 대부분 강한 염색성을 보였다. 상기 결과는 경조직 형성세포는 다양한 형태의 thioredoxin peroxidase 항산화단백을 함유하고 있으며 단백은 대사가 왕성하게 일어나고 있는 세포에서 강하게 발현됨을 시사하였다.

백서에서 Depulpin^®과 Formocresol에 대한 치수와 치근단 조직의 반응

문형인,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,황인남,김선헌,정선와,윤창,오원만,Moon, Hyung-In,Kim, Sun-Ho,Hwang, Yun-Chan,Oh, Byung-Ju,Hwang, In-Nam,Kim, Sun-Hun,Jeong, Sun-Wa,Youn, Chang,Oh, Won-Mann 대한치과보존학회 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

One fifth dilution of formocresol is usually used for pulpotomy of the primary teeth and emergency pulpotomy of the permanent teeth. However the use of formaldehyde has been subjected to criticism because it may be absorbed into the blood stream and become distributed systemically, it nay also alter the pulp tissue rendering it immunologically active, and have carcinogenic potential. Recently Depulpin$^{\circledR}$(VoCo., Germany) gains popularity as a devitalizing agent during root canal therapy in spite of high concentration of 49 % paraformaldehyde because it facilitate devitalization of pulp and make root canal therapy easier But there have been not enough publications about the reaction of pulp and periapical tissue caused by Depulpin. This study was performed to evaluate the histological changes in pulp and periapical tissue of rats after pulpotomy using formocresol and Depulpin and to elucidate the toxic effects of these agents. Thirty six Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine Maxillary first molar teeth were used for pulpotomy with formocresol and Depulpin. Rats were sacrificed after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. Specimens were histologically observed by light microscope changes in pulp and periapical tissue. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Formocresol group A zone of fixed tissue. in which odontoblasts could clearly be defined, was present directly underneath the pulpotomy dressing in almost all teeth of this group. This was followed by an area of necrotic tissue which resembled dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular detail except some pyknotic nuclei. In the specimens of after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks in which vital tissue was present, it was separated from the fibrous area by a zone of inflammation. In the specimens of after 3 weeks and after 4 weeks, inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament adjacent to the apical foramina of the teeth. 2. Depulpin$^{\circledR}$ group The area of necrotic tissue which had no cells and fibers, was present adjacent to the dressing. This was followed by dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular details except some pyknotic nuclei, A short stump of vital pulp with odontoblasts was present at the end of the canal after 2 days. Inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament after 4 days and after 1week. Severe root resolution and necrosis of periapical tissue opposite the root resorption site were defined after 2 weeks and after 3 weeks. Periapical lesion which consist of necrotic tissue surrounded by a fibrous connective wall, was found after 4 weeks. The results indicated that Depulpin can cause more adverse reaction to the dental pulp and periapical tissue than formocresol, and further studies are needed for its clinical use with safety.

초기 방습이 글래스아이오노머 시멘트의 색안정성 및 투명도 변화에 미치는 영향

정선와,오원만,김선헌 전남대학교 치과대학 1993 전남치대논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The shade of restorative materials is very important for successful restoration esthetically harmonized with the natural tooth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability and the opacity change of conventional chemical setting and visible light curing glass-ionomer cements for restorative esthetic filling. Specimens of each brand (GC Fuji Ⅱ and Fuji Ⅱ LC) were uniformly prepared and divided into three groups: In group 1(control group), the specimens received no surface treatment; in group 2, the specimens were coated with varnish and the excess gently blown off; and in group 3, the specimens were coated with light-cured bonding resin and irradiated by a visible light curing unit for 20 seconds on both sides. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37℃ and checked after for 24 hours, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, and 8 months. The color characteristics(L^*, a^*, b^*) and the opacity(Y%) of all the samples were measured by a spectrocolorimeter and the total color differences(ΔE^*) and opacity changes(ΔY%) were computed. The following results were obtained: 1. The total color differences in all groups increased with time. 2. The total color differences of the LC groups after immersion for 8 months in distilled water at 37℃ were lower than those of GC groups(p<0.01), and the total color differences of the varnish or the light-cured bonding resin coated groups were lower than those of the control group with glass-ionomer cements which had no surface treatment(p<0.01). 3. In all groups the translucency decreased with time. 4. In the control group and the varnish coating group, the opacity changes of the GC groups were lower than those of the LC groups(p<0.01) and in the light-cured bonding resin coated group, there was no significant difference between the GC group and the LC group. 5. The opacity changes of the varnish or the light-cured bonding resin coated groups were lower than those of the control group(p<0.01). These results suggest that color change and opacity of conventional chemical setting and light cured glass-ionomer cement were increased with time, and the color changes and the opacity changes of a control group after immersion for 8 months in distilled water at 37℃ were greater than those of the varnish or the light-cured bonding resin coated groups.

Effect of Diluent Salt Concentration and pH on the Enumeration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by Direct Plating on Selective Agar

Jong-Kyung Lee,Da-Wa Jung,Kisun Yoon,Sun-Kyung Yoon,No-Seong Kwak 한국식품과학회 2006 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.15 No.6