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치주조직(齒周組織)이 약화(弱化)된 치아(齒牙)에 가철국소의치(可撤局所義齒)를 장착(裝着)하여 안정(安定)시킬수 있는 방법(方法)
Stewart, K. L.,Rudd, K. D. 대한치과보철학회 1968 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.8 No.1
주의(主意)깊게 계획(計劃)되고 제작(製作)된 guiding planes을 가진 국소의치(局所義齒)는 약화(弱化)된 치아(齒牙)를 안정(安靜)시키는데 효과적(效果的)이다. 설계(設計)에 있어서 중요(重要)한 요소(要素)들고 이러한 수부물(修復物)의 적합법(適合法)을 기술(記述)하였다.
An agent-based blackboard system for multi-objective optimization
Stewart Ryan,Palmer Todd S,Bays Samuel 한국CDE학회 2022 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.9 No.2
In the field of multi-objective optimization, there are a multitude of algorithms from which to choose. Each algorithm has strengths and weaknesses associated with the mechanics for finding the Pareto front. Recently, researchers have begun to examine how multi-agent environments can be used to help solve multi-objective optimization problems. In this work, we propose a multi-objective optimization algorithm based on a multi-agent blackboard system (MABS). The MABS framework allows for multiple agents to read and write pertinent optimization problem data to a central blackboard agent. Agents can stochastically search the design space, use previously discovered solutions to explore local optima, or update and prune the Pareto front. A centralized blackboard framework allows the optimization problem to be solved in a cohesive manner and permits stopping, restarting, or updating the optimization problem. The MABS framework is tested against three alternative optimization algorithms across a suite of engineering design problems and typically outperforms the other algorithms in discovering the Pareto front. A parallelizability study is performed where we find that the MABS is able to evaluate a set number of designs, which require an evaluation time ranging from 0 to 300 seconds, quicker than a traditional optimization algorithm: this fact becomes more apparent the longer it takes to evaluate a design. To provide context for the benefits provided by MABS, a real-world nuclear engineering design problem is examined. MABS is used to examine the placement of experiments in a nuclear reactor, where we are able to evaluate hundreds of configurations for experimental placement while maintaining a strict set of safety constraints.
An anisotropic tertiary creep damage constitutive model for anisotropic materials
Stewart, Calvin M.,Gordon, Ali P.,Ma, Young Wha,Neu, Richard W. Elsevier 2011 The International journal of pressure vessels and Vol.88 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>When an anisotropic material is subject to creep conditions and a complex state of stress, an anisotropic creep damage behavior is observed. Previous research has focused on the anisotropic creep damage behavior of isotropic materials but few constitutive models have been developed for anisotropic creeping solids. This paper describes the development of a new anisotropic tertiary creep damage constitutive model for anisotropic materials. An advanced tensorial damage formulation is implemented which includes both material orientation relative to loading and the degree of creep damage anisotropy in the model. A variation of the Norton-power law for secondary creep is implemented which includes the Hill’s anisotropic analogy. Experiments are conducted on the directionally-solidified bucket material DS GTD-111. The constitutive model is implemented in a user programmable feature (UPF) in ANSYS FEA software. The ability of the constitutive model to regress to the Kachanov-Rabotnov isotropic tertiary creep damage model is demonstrated through comparison with uniaxial experiments. A parametric study of both material orientation and stress rotation are conducted. Results indicate that creep deformation is modeled accurately; however an improved damage evolution law may be necessary.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► The deformation of anisotropic creeping solid is directionally dependent. ► Few constitutive models have been developed to deal with anisotropic behavior. ► A transversely-isotropic nickel base superalloy, DS GTD-111, is studied. ► A vector constitutive model based on the Kachanov-Rabotnov formulation is developed. ► The new model accurately models deformation at various orientations.</P>
Stewart, S. J.,Marco, J. F.,Crespo, P.,Romero, J. J.,Martí,nez, A.,Hernando, A.,Palomares, F. J.,Gonzá,lez, J. M. American Scientific Publishers 2007 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.7 No.11
<P>We report on the temperature dependencies of the Mössbauer spectra and the AC magnetic susceptibility measured in Cu-rich, FeMnCu samples prepared by mechanically alloying, using, on the one side, Cu and prealloyed FeMn powders and, on the other, pure element Cu, Mn, and Fe powders. From the correlation of the Mössbauer and susceptibility data we conclude about the basic characteristics of the phase distributions present in the different studied samples. Those distributions are a consequence of both the nanostructure induced upon milling and of the different signs of the Mn/Cu (negative) and Fe/Cu (positive) enthalpies of mixing. The proposed phase distributions are significantly different in the samples prepared from different precursors and this fact is analyzed in terms of the disproportion of the precursor FeMn alloy and in those of the favoured Mn/Cu interdiffusion and the hindered Fe/Cu one.</P>
Yeast SREBP Cleavage Activation Requires the Golgi Dsc E3 Ligase Complex
Stewart, Emerson ,V.,Nwosu, Christine ,C.,Tong, Zongtian,Roguev, Assen,Cummins, Timothy ,D.,Kim, Dong-Uk,Hayles, Jacqueline,Park, Han-Oh,Hoe, Kwang-Lae,Powell, David ,W.,Krogan, Nevan& Elsevier 2011 Molecular cell Vol.42 No.2
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Mammalian lipid homeostasis requires proteolytic activation of membrane-bound sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) transcription factors through sequential action of the Golgi Site-1 and Site-2 proteases. Here we report that while SREBP function is conserved in fungi, fission yeast employs a different mechanism for SREBP cleavage. Using genetics and biochemistry, we identified four genes <I>d</I>efective for <I>S</I>REBP <I>c</I>leavage, <I>dsc1-4</I>, encoding components of a transmembrane Golgi E3 ligase complex with structural homology to the Hrd1 E3 ligase complex involved in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. The Dsc complex binds SREBP and cleavage requires components of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway: the E2-conjugating enzyme Ubc4, the Dsc1 RING E3 ligase, and the proteasome. <I>dsc</I> mutants display conserved aggravating genetic interactions with components of the multivesicular body pathway in fission yeast and budding yeast, which lacks SREBP. Together, these data suggest that the Golgi Dsc E3 ligase complex functions in a post-ER pathway for protein degradation.</P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P><P><ce:figure id='dfig1'></ce:figure></P><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Yeast SREBP is proteolytically activated by a different mechanism than mammalian SREBP ► Deletion collection screen identified four <I>dsc</I> genes required for fission yeast SREBP cleavage ► Dsc proteins form a Golgi E3 ligase complex that resembles Hrd1 E3 ligase in ERAD ► Yeast SREBP cleavage requires activities of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway</P>