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Effect of By-Product Gypsum Fertilizer on Methane Gas Emissions and Rice Productivity in Paddy Field
Jun-Hong Park,Yeon-Kyu Sonn,Myung-Suk Kong,Yong-Seon Zhang,Sang-Jo Park,Jong-Gun Won,Suk-Hee Lee,Dong-Hwan Seo,So-Deuk Park,Jang-Eok Kim 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.1
Rice cultivation in paddy field affects the global balance of methane (CH₄) as a key greenhouse gas. To evaluate a potential use of by-product gypsum fertilizer (BGF) in reducing CH₄ emission from paddy soil, CH₄ fluxes from a paddy soil applied with BGF different levels (0, 2, 4 and 8 Mg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>) were investigated by closed-chamber method during rice cultivation period. CH₄ flux significantly decreased (p<0.05) with increasing level of BGF application. 8 Mg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> of BGF addition in soil reduced CH₄ flux by 60.6% compared to control. Decreased soil redox potential (Eh) resulted in increasing CH₄ emission through a CO₂ reduction reaction. The concentrations of dissolved calcium (Ca) and sulfate ion (SO₄<SUP>2-</SUP>) in soil pore water were significantly increased as the application rate of BGF increased and showed negatively correlations with CH₄ flux. Decreased CH₄ flux with BGF application implied that SO₄<SUP>2-</SUP> ion led to decreases in electron availability for methanogen and precipitation reaction of Ca ion with inorganic carbon including carbonate and bicarbonate as a source of CH₄ formation under anoxic condition. BGF application also increased rice grain yield by 16% at 8 Mg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> of BGF addition. Therefore, our results suggest that BGF application can be a good soil management practice to reduce CH₄ emission from paddy soil and to increase rice yield.
金得龍,蘇鐵鎬,文鐘大,崔政植 東新大學校 工業技術硏究所 1994 工業技術硏究 Vol.1 No.-
We propose that a new type of the electrostatic microwiggler can generate the field with a period (0.1 ㎜ ≤ 1_(w) ≤ 1 ㎜) and a strength (|E|_(w) ≤ 100 kV/m) on the PZT[Pb(Zr,Ti)0₃] surface when a high frequency and high power ultrasonic wave travels through a PZT bar. In oder to investigate the propagation characteristics of TE_(10) mode electromagnetic wave in the waveguide including the influence of the microwiggler caused by pizoelectric body, We manufacture the TE_(10) waveguide and make expriments with varying the physical parameters, such as, shapes, positions and materials. It is shown that, the single mode with the frequency of about 10 ㎓ propagates through the waveguide loaded by PZT bar and could be amplified from these experments. This microwiggler generated on the surface of PZT ber can be offered as a basis of an tunable and compact FIR free electron laser where a relatively low energy electron beam (E_(b) ≤ 100 keV) can emitts the radiation in the submillimeter region of the spectrum.
박선도,박소득,이재석 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1995 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.4 No.-
오이, 참외, 수박의 덩굴쪼김병, 덩굴마름병, 뿌리혹선충과 시들음병과의 혼합감염, 과채류 대목의 뿌리혹선충 저항성 등을 검정하여 안전재배 기술을 개발코자 시험하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 오이와 수박의 대목인 안동오이, 흑종호박, 신토좌에 대한 덩굴쪼김병의 내병성을 검정한 결과 뿌리를 절단하지 않고 병원균을 접종한 대목은 전연 발병이 되지 않았으나, 뿌리를 절단하고 병원균을 접종한 오이 실생은 pot재배나 포장상태에서 95%이상 발병되었으며, 대목은 포장에서 7.5∼22.5%의 발병주율을 보였다. 2. 수박의 덩굴쪼김병은 뿌리를 절단치 않고 병원균을 접종하였을 경우 수박실생이외에는 거의 발병이 되지 않았으나 뿌리를 절단한 구는 안동오이 13.8%, 흑종호박 33.8%, 신토좌 26.3%의 발병율을 보여 대목간에 저항성이 인정되었으며 이들 병원균은 상처를 통해 감염되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 오이 덩굴마름병은 실생과 대목에 모두 발병이 되었고, 실생의 발병주율은 오이가 4.2%, 수박은 2.5%로 높았으며, 대목은 오이가 1.7%∼2.5%, 수박은 0.8%로 낮은 편이었다. 4. 과채류 대목의 뿌리혹선충 저항성검정에서 신토좌, 홍토좌, 참박은 뿌리혹수가 10∼13.3개, 난낭수는 9.9∼12.1개, 선충밀도는 87.4개로 높았으나, 흑종과 안동오이는 각각 5.4∼7.1, 5.3∼6.6, 40.8∼59.6으로 뿌리혹선충의 기생율이 비교적 낮았다. 5. 참외, 수박, 오이에 선충과 시들음병균을 동시에 접종한 구는 시들음병의 발병율이 20.0∼80.0로 높았고 시들음병균 단독접종구에서는 1.3∼3.3%로 낮았으며, 뿌리혹선충 단독접종구는 4.7∼12.8%로 다소 높은 발병율을 보여 뿌리혹선충이 시들음병 발생에 영향을 크게 미치는 것으로 추정된다. This study was carried out to develop safe cultural techniques for fruit vegetables by test-ing disease and nematode resistances of rootstooks of fruit vegetable, cucumber, oriental melon and watermelon. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. No disease sympotom was detected in rootstocks with uncut roots of Andongoei(Cicyos anglatu), Heukjonghobak, and sintojwa, which are used as rootstocks for cucumber and watermelon, following the inoculation with Fusarium cucumerinum whereas visible symptoms were observed in 95% and 7.5 ~ 22.5% of rootstocks and seedlings that have cutted roots before inoculation, respectively. 2. There were significant differences in the resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. niveum among the 3 tested rootstocks inoculated after cut roots. Rootstocks with intact roots re-mained healthy that indicates Fusarium oxysporum infects through root wound. 3. Both rootstocks and seedlings of cucumber and watermelon showed disease symptoms following the inoculation with Didymella bryoniae. Rates of diseased seedlings were 4.2% in cucumber and 2.5% in watermelon, respectively, while 1.7% ~ 2.5% in cucumber and 0.8% in watermelon rootstocks were infected with the disease. 4. Heukjonghobak and Andongoei revealed relatively high resistance to nematode com-pared to Sintojwa, Hongtojwa and Chambak as determined by the number of rootgall, eggmass, and nematode in roots. 5. Co-inoculation of oriental melon, watermelon and cucumber with root-knot nema-tode and Fusarium oxysporum increased the outbreak of fusarium with while only 1.3 ~ 3.3% of plants inoculted with Fusarium oxysporum alone showed wilt symptoms. However, 4.7 ~ 12.8% of plants inoculated with nematode revealed wilt symptoms, which indicates nematode may have influence on the occurence of wilt disease.
박종,김기순,강명근,류소연,이철갑,강성득,김철호 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.1
Background and Objectives : This study examined prevalence and related factors of musculoskeletal symptoms on area of necks of shipbuilding workers in order to prevent musculoskeletal disorder and find out its managerial plans. Materials and Methods : this study targeted 1, 159 male shipbuilding workers who work for large suipbuilding companies, and interviewed them using organized questionnaire having short answer questions in February, 2003. Results: The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (pains, anesthesia, and numbness) of the subjects was 16.0% on necks. As a result of multiple logistic regression analysis, the following results were obtained : sleeping hours, working departments, extra working hours, perceived amount of working, availability of dispensary were significantly related with symptoms on neck. When the variables that had significant relation with prevalence of neck area symptoms were analysed health behavior, it was found that the odds ratio of the group who had more than sufficient sleeping hours was 1.70 times higher than that of the group who had not. When they were examined in terms of occupational characteristics, the odds ratio of the subcontract company workers was 0.44 times lower than that of the parent company workers, and that of the group who had two hours of extra working hours was 1.78 times higher than that of the group who did not. The odds ratio of the group who thought the perceived working amount was slightly over the proper level was 1.49 time higher, and that of the group who thought it was excessively over the proper level was 3.21 times significantly higher. The odds ratio of the group who thought availability of dispensary was moderate was 1.84 times significantly higher than that of the group who thought it was easy. Conclusion : It was found that 16.0% of shipbuilding workers had musculoskeletal symptoms on neck, and their deom-sociological, occupational, and socio-psychological characteristics affected the symptoms. Therefore, to decrease musculoskeletal symptoms of shipbuilding workers, wording and socio-psychological condition should be improved by considering related factors of the workers.
So Deuk Park,김영호,Zakaullah Khan,Il Kweon Yeon 한국식물병리학회 2005 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.21 No.4
A survey was conducted during February- March 2003 to determine the occurrence and population density of plant-parasitic nematodes in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) fields, cultivated under plastic houses in major strawberry growing regions of Gyeongbuk and Chonbuk provinces, Korea. The survey revealed presence of eleven species of plant-parasitic nematodes viz., Aphelenchoides fragariae, Criconemoides morgensis, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Hirschmanniella imamuri, Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, Pratylenchus penetrans, Psilenchus hilarulus, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni and Xiphinema sp. Frequency and density of each species were highly variable from field to field and within the field. Plant growth was not uniform in the surveyed fields under plastic houses; stunted growth, chlorotic leaves, small curled or crinkled leaves, deformed buds and flowers and wilted plants with fewer fruits were observed in patches.
림프절 스토로마 내의 fibroblastic reticular cell의 기능 이해
소득원(Deuk Won So),류설화(Sul Hwa Ryu),이종환(Jong-Hwan Lee) 한국생명과학회 2013 생명과학회지 Vol.23 No.11
림프절은 체내로 침입한 병원체에 반응하여 성숙한 림프구들이 활성화 되는 곳이다. 림프구들은 스트로마의 구조적 뼈대를 따라 동계항원을 제시하고 있는 항원제시세포의 표면을 탐색한다. Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC)는 림프절 T zone에서 3차원구조 네트워크를 형성하는데 관여하는 스트로마 세포로 유입되는 T 림프구들에 대한 안내길을 제공한다. 이런 상호 협력적인 환경에서 FRC와 T세포의 양방향적 관계는 림프절의 정상적 기능을 수행하는데 필수적이다. FRC는 물리적으로 림프절 조형물을 형성 할 뿐만 아니라 T세포 생물학적 기능조절에도 필수적이다. FRC는 T 림프구와 상호 반응하며 T세포에 발판을 제공하고 T세포 면역반응에 영향을 미치는 용해성 인자들을 방출한다. 최근에는 FRC는 말초에서 자기 관용 T세포 생성에도 관여하며 림프절에서 활성화된 T세포 분열을 조절하는데도 관여하고 있다. 따라서, FRC와 T세포 상호간 협력은 림프절에서 T세포기능을 조절하는데 중요한 결과를 야기한다. 더욱이, FRC는 염증 상황에서 항생펩타이드, 보체 등의 분비를 통한 선천성 면역에도 중요한 역할도 한다. 결론적으로 FRC와 T세포 상호간에 T세포 생물학적 효능을 증대를 위해 양방향성 접촉을 하며 이러한 상호 협력적 피드백은 면역반응 동안 조직기능 유지를 돕게 된다. Lymph node (LN) is the sites where mature lymphocytes become stimulated to respond to invading pathogens in the body. Lymphocytes screen the surfaces of pathogen-carrying antigen-presenting cells for cognate antigens, while moving along stromal structural back bone. Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC) is stromal cell forming the 3 dimensional structure networks of the T cell rich zones in LN, and provide a guidance path for immigrating T lymphocytes. In these cooperative environments, the cell to cell bidirectional interactions between FRC and T cells in LN are therefore essential to the normal functioning of these tissues. Not only do FRCs physically construct LN architecture but they are essential for regulating T cell biology within these domains. FRC interact closely with T lymphocytes, is providing scaffolds, secreting soluble factors including cytokine in which FRCs influence T cell immune response. More recently, FRC have been found to induce peripheral T cell tolerance and regulate the extent to which newly activated T cells proliferate within LN. Thus, FRC-T cell crosstalk has important consequences for regulating immune cell function within LN. In addition, FRC have profound effects on innate immune response by secreting anti-microbial peptides and complement, etc in the inflammatory milieu. In summary, we propose a model in which FRC engage in a bidirectional touch to increase the T cell biological efficiency between FRC and T cells. This collaborative feedback loop may help to maintain tissue function during inflammation response.
Park, So-Deuk,Khan, Zakaullah,Yeon, Il-Kweon,Kim, Young-Ho The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2005 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.21 No.4
A survey was conducted during February-March 2003 to determine the occurrence and population density of plant-parasitic nematodes in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) fields, cultivated under plastic houses in major strawberry growing regions of Gyeongbuk and Chonbuk provinces, Korea. The survey revealed presence of eleven species of plant-parasitic nematodes viz., Aphelenchoides fragariae, Criconemoides morgensis, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Hirschmanniella imamuri, Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, Pratylenchus penetrans, Psilenchus hilarulus, Tylenchorhynchus claytoni and Xiphinema sp. Frequency and density of each species were highly variable from field to field and within the field. Plant growth was not uniform in the surveyed fields under plastic houses; stunted growth, chlorotic leaves, small curled or crinkled leaves, deformed buds and flowers and wilted plants with fewer fruits were observed in patches.