Association of polymorphisms in Pit-1 gene with growth and feed efficiency in meat-type chickens

Sihua Jin,Tingting He,Lei Yang,Yucui Tong,Xingyong Chen,Zhaoyu Geng 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.11

Objective: The pituitary specific transcription factor-1 (Pit-1) gene is responsible for pituitary development and growth hormone expression and is regarded as a pivotal candidate gene for growth and production in chickens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of Pit-1 polymorphisms with growth and feed efficiency traits in yellow meat-type chickens. Methods: In the present study, five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Pit-1 were selected and genotyped by high-throughput matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in 724 meat-type chickens. Results: Association analysis showed that rs13687126 of Pit-1 was strongly associated with body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) (p<0.05), and that rs13687128 was significantly correlated with body weight at 70 days of age (BW70), BWG and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p<0.05). SNP rs13905622 was strongly related to BW70 and FCR (p<0.05). Furthermore, birds with the GG genotype of rs13687126 had larger BWG and FI than those with the AG genotype (p<0.05). Individuals with the TT genotype of rs13687128 were significantly higher BW70 and BWG than those of the CT and CC genotype, while FCR was just the opposite (p<0.05). For rs13905622, the AA chickens showed strongly larger BW70 and lower FCR compared with the AT and TT chickens (p<0.05). Additionally, an ACA haplotype based on rs13687126, rs13687128, and rs13905622 had significant effects on BW70 and FCR (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our studies thus provide crucial evidence for the relationship between polymorphisms of Pit-1 and growth and feed efficiency traits which may be useful for meat-type chicken breeding programs.

Athermalization of an Optical System Based on Lens Shape and Assembly Method

Sihua Xu,Xiaoqiang Peng,Guipeng Tie,Chaoliang Guan,Hao Hu,Yupeng Xiong 한국광학회 2019 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.3 No.5

Temperature adaptability is an important metric for evaluating the performance of an optical system. The temperature characteristics of the optical system are closely related to the material and shape of its lens. In this paper, we establish a mathematical model relating the temperature characteristics to the shape and material of the lens. Then a novel assembly structure that can solve the lens constraint and positioning problem is proposed. From those basics, the correctness of the theoretical model and the effectiveness of the assembly structure are verified through simulated analysis of the imaging quality of the optical system, whose operating temperature range is -60~100°C.

Polymorphisms in the uncoupling protein 3 gene and their associations with feed efficiency in chickens

Jin, Sihua,Yang, Lei,He, Tingting,Fan, Xinfeng,Wang, Yiqiu,Ge, Kai,Geng, Zhaoyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.9

Objective: The uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a member of the mitochondrial anion carrier superfamily and has crucial effects on growth and feed efficiency in many species. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the association of polymorphisms in the UCP3 gene with feed efficiency in meat-type chickens. Methods: Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the UCP3 gene were chosen to be genotyped using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in meat-type chicken populations with 724 birds in total. Body weight at 49 (BW49) and 70 days of age (BW70) and feed intake (FI) in the interval were collected, then body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated individually. Results: One SNP with a low minor allele frequency (<1%) was removed by quality control and data filtering. The results showed that rs13997809 of UCP3 was significantly associated with BWG and FCR (p<0.05), and that rs13997811 had significant effects on BW70 and BWG (p<0.05). Rs13997812 of UCP3 was strongly associated with BW70, FI, and FCR (p<0.05). Furthermore, individuals with AA genotype of rs13997809 had significantly higher BWG and lower FCR (p<0.05) than those with AT genotype. The GG individuals showed strongly higher BW70 and BWG than AA birds in rs13997811 (p<0.05). Birds with the TT genotype of rs13997812 had significantly greater BW70 and lower FCR compared with the CT birds (p<0.05). In addition, the TAC haplotype based on rs13997809, rs13997811, and rs13997812 showed significant effects on BW70, FI, and FCR (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results therefore demonstrate important roles for UCP3 polymorphisms in growth and feed efficiency that might be used in meat-type chicken breeding programs.

INFINITELY MANY SMALL SOLUTIONS FOR THE p&q-LAPLACIAN PROBLEM WITH CRITICAL SOBOLEV AND HARDY EXPONENTS

Liang, Sihua,Zhang, Jihui,Fan, Fan The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2010 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.28 No.5

In this paper, we study the following p&q-Laplacian problem with critical Sobolev and Hardy exponents {$-{\Delta}_pu-{\Delta}_qu={\mu}\frac{{\mid}u{\mid}^{p^*(s)-2}u}{{\mid}x{\mid}^s}+{\lambda}f(x,\;u)$, in $\Omega$, u=0, on $\Omega$, where ${\Omega}\;{\subset}\;\mathbb{R}^{\mathbb{N}}$ is a bounded domain and ${\Delta}_ru=div({\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^{r-2}{\nabla}u)$ is the r-Laplacian of u. By using the variational method and concentration-compactness principle, we obtain the existence of infinitely many small solutions for above problem which are the complement of previously known results.

Expression of genes related to lipid transport in meat-type ducks divergent for low or high residual feed intake

Jin, Sihua,Xu, Yuan,Zang, He,Yang, Lei,Lin, Zhiqiang,Li, Yongsheng,Geng, Zhaoyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.3

Objective: This study examined the effects of divergence in residual feed intake (RFI) on expression profiles of key genes related to lipid transport in the liver and duodenal epithelium and their associations with feed efficiency traits in meat-type ducks. Methods: A total of 1,000 male ducks with similar body weight (1,042.1±87.2 g) were used in this study, and their individual RFI was calculated from 21 to 42 d of age. Finally, the 10 highest RFI (HRFI) and 10 lowest RFI (LRFI) ducks were chosen for examining the expression of key genes related to lipid transport in the liver and duodenal epithelium using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: In the liver, expression levels of albumin (ALB), CD36 molecule (CD36), fatty acid hydroxylase domain containing 2 (FAXDC2), and choline kinase alpha (CHKA) were significantly higher in LRFI ducks than in HRFI ducks (p<0.01); negative correlations (p<0.05) between expression levels of ALB, CD36, FAXDC2, and CHKA and RFI were detected in the liver. Additionally, ALB expression was strongly positively correlated (p<0.05) with CD36, FAXDC2, CHKA, and apolipoprotein H (APOH) expression in the liver. In duodenal epithelium, we found that mRNA levels of ALB, CD36, FAXDC2, and APOH were significantly higher in LRFI ducks than in HRFI ducks (p<0.01); RFI was strongly negatively correlated (p<0.05) with ALB, FAXDC2, and APOH expression, while ALB expression was strongly positively correlated with APOH expression (p<0.01) in duodenal epithelium. Furthermore, expression levels of both ALB and FAXDC2 genes were significantly associated with feed conversion ratio and RFI in both liver and duodenal epithelium (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings therefore suggest that ALB and FAXDC2 genes might be used as potential gene markers designed to improve feed efficiency in future meat-type duck breeding programs.

INFINITELY MANY SMALL SOLUTIONS FOR THE ρ(χ)-LAPLACIAN OPERATOR WITH CRITICAL GROWTH

Chenxing Zhou,Sihua Liang 한국전산응용수학회 2014 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.32 No.1

In this paper, we prove, in the spirit of [3, 12, 20, 22, 23], the existence of infinitely many small solutions to the following quasilinear elliptic equation −Δp(χ)u+|u|p(χ)−2u = |u|q(χ)−2u+f(χ,u) in a smooth bounded domain Ω of RN. We also assume that {q(x) = p*(x)} ≠∅, where p*(χ) = Np(χ)=(N −p(χ)) is the critical Sobolev exponent for variable exponents. The proof is based on a new version of the symmetric mountainpass lemma due to Kajikiya [22], and property of these solutions are also obtained.

INFINITELY MANY SMALL SOLUTIONS FOR THE p(x)-LAPLACIAN OPERATOR WITH CRITICAL GROWTH

Zhou, Chenxing,Liang, Sihua The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2014 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.32 No.1

In this paper, we prove, in the spirit of [3, 12, 20, 22, 23], the existence of infinitely many small solutions to the following quasilinear elliptic equation $-{\Delta}_{p(x)}u+{\mid}u{\mid}^{p(x)-2}u={\mid}u{\mid}^{q(x)-2}u+{\lambda}f(x,u)$ in a smooth bounded domain ${\Omega}$ of ${\mathbb{R}}^N$. We also assume that $\{q(x)=p^*(x)\}{\neq}{\emptyset}$, where $p^*(x)$ = Np(x)/(N - p(x)) is the critical Sobolev exponent for variable exponents. The proof is based on a new version of the symmetric mountainpass lemma due to Kajikiya [22], and property of these solutions are also obtained.

Joint Resource Allocation and Computation Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing for SDN based Wireless Networks

Nahida Kiran,Chunyu Pan,Sihua Wang,Chang-chuan Yin 한국통신학회 2020 Journal of communications and networks Vol.22 No.1

The rapid growth of the internet usage and the distributedcomputing resources of edge devices create a necessity tohave a reasonable controller to ensure efficient utilization of distributedcomputing resources in mobile edge computing (MEC). We envision the future MEC services, where quality of experience(QoE) of the services is further enhanced by software definednetworks (SDNs) capabilities to reduce the application-levelresponse time without service disruptions. SDN, which is not proposedspecifically for edge computing, can in fact serve as an enablerto lower the complexity barriers involved and let the realpotential of edge computing be achieved. In this paper, we investigatethe task offloading and resource allocation problem in wirelessMEC aiming to minimize the delay while saving the battery powerof user device simultaneously. However, it is challenging to obtainan optimal policy in such a dynamic task offloading system. Learningfrom experience plays a vital role in time variant dynamic systemswhere reinforcement learning (RL) takes a long term goal intoconsideration besides immediate reward, which is very importantfor a dynamic environment. A novel software defined edge cloudlet(SDEC) based RL optimization framework is proposed to tacklethe task offloading and resource allocation in wireless MEC. Specifically,Q-learning and cooperative Q-learning based reinforcementlearning schemes are proposed for the intractable problem. Simulationresults show that the proposed scheme achieves 31.39% and62.10% reduction on the sum delay compared to other benchmarkmethods such as traditional Q-learning with a random algorithmand Q-learning with epsilon greedy.

Experimental Studies on the Motion and Discharge Behavior of Free Conducting Wire Particle in DC GIL

Wang, Jian,Wang, Zhiyuan,Ni, Xiaoru,Liu, Sihua The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

This study aims to restrain free conducting wire-type particles which are commonly and dangerously existing within DC gas-insulated transmission lines. A realistic platform of a coaxial cylindrical electrode was established by using a high-speed camera and a partial discharge (PD) monitor to observe the motion, PD, and breakdown of these particles. The probabilities of standing or bouncing, which can be affected by the length of the particles, were also quantitatively examined. The corona images of the particles were recorded, and particle-triggered PD signals were monitored and extracted. Breakdown images were also obtained. The air-gap breakdown with the particles was subjected to mechanism analysis on the basis of stream theory. Results reveal that the lifting voltage of the wire particles is almost irrelevant to their length but is proportional to the square root of their radius. Short particles correspond to high bouncing probability. The intensity and frequency of PD and the micro-discharge gap increase as the length of the particles increases. The breakdown voltage decreases as the length of the particles decreases.

Experimental Studies on the Motion and Discharge Behavior of Free Conducting Wire Particle in DC GIL

Jian Wang,Zhiyuan Wang,Xiaoru Ni,Sihua Liu 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2

This study aims to restrain free conducting wire-type particles which are commonly and dangerously existing within DC gas-insulated transmission lines. A realistic platform of a coaxial cylindrical electrode was established by using a high-speed camera and a partial discharge (PD) monitor to observe the motion, PD, and breakdown of these particles. The probabilities of standing or bouncing, which can be affected by the length of the particles, were also quantitatively examined. The corona images of the particles were recorded, and particle-triggered PD signals were monitored and extracted. Breakdown images were also obtained. The air-gap breakdown with the particles was subjected to mechanism analysis on the basis of stream theory. Results reveal that the lifting voltage of the wire particles is almost irrelevant to their length but is proportional to the square root of their radius. Short particles correspond to high bouncing probability. The intensity and frequency of PD and the micro-discharge gap increase as the length of the particles increases. The breakdown voltage decreases as the length of the particles decreases.