Corporate Parent Effect on Subsidiary Technology and Diversification Strategies

( Siah Hwee Ang ) 한국통상정보학회 2008 International Commerce and Information Review Vol.1 No.1

The Practice of Gastrointestinal Motility Laboratory During COVID-19 Pandemic: Position Statements of the Asian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association (ANMA-GML-COVID-19 Position Statements)

( Siah Kewin T H ),( Rahman M Masudur ),( Ong Andrew M L ),( Soh Alex Y S ),( Lee Yeong Yeh ),( Xiao Yinglian ),( Sachdeva Sanjeev ),( Jung Kee Wook ),( Wang Yen-Po ),( Oshima Tadayuki ),( Patcharatra 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2020 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.26 No.3

During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, practices of gastrointestinal procedures within the digestive tract require special precautions due to the risk of contraction of severe acute respiratoy syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Many procedures in the gastrointestinal motility laboratory may be considered moderate to high-risk for viral transmission. Healthcare staff working in gastrointestinal motility laboratories are frequently exposed to splashes, air droplets, mucus, or saliva during the procedures. Moreover, some are aerosol-generating and thus have a high risk of viral transmission. There are multiple guidelines on the practices of gastrointestinal endoscopy during this pandemic. However, such guidelines are still lacking and urgently needed for the practice of gastrointestinal motility laboratories. Hence, the Asian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association had organized a group of gastrointestinal motility experts and infectious disease specialists to produce a position statement paper based-on current available evidence and consensus opinion with aims to provide a clear guidance on the practices of gastrointestinal motility laboratories during the COVID-19 pandemic. This guideline covers a wide range of topics on gastrointestinal motility activities from scheduling a motility test, the precautions at different steps of the procedure to disinfection for the safety and well-being of the patients and the healthcare workers. These practices may vary in different countries depending on the stages of the pandemic, local or institutional policy, and the availability of healthcare resources. This guideline is useful when the transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2 is high. It may change rapidly depending on the situation of the epidemic and when new evidence becomes available. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020;26:299-310)

X-ray absorption spectroscopy elucidates the impact of structural disorder on electron mobility in amorphous zinc-tin-oxide thin films

Siah, Sin Cheng,Lee, Sang Woon,Lee, Yun Seog,Heo, Jaeyeong,Shibata, Tomohiro,Segre, Carlo U.,Gordon, Roy G.,Buonassisi, Tonio American Institute of Physics 2014 Applied Physics Letters Vol.104 No.24

User Testing for Moodle Application

Siah Sim Tee,Tengku Siti Meriam Tengku Wook,Suhaila Zainudin 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.7 No.5

Hypolipidemic Effect of a Blue-Green Alga (Nostoc commune) Is Attributed to Its Nonlipid Fraction by Decreasing Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption in C57BL/6J Mice

Chai Siah Ku,김보경,Tho X. Pham,Yue Yang,CurtisL.Weller,Timothy P. Carr,박영기,이지영 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11

We previously demonstrated that Nostoc commune var. sphaeroids Ku¨tzing (NO), a blue-green alga (BGA), exerts a hypolipidemic effect in vivo and its lipid extract regulates the expression of genes involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the hypolipidemic effect of NO is attributed to an algal lipid or a delipidated fraction in vivo compared with Spirulina platensis (SP). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed an AIN-93M diet containing 2.5% or 5% of BGA (w/w) or a lipid extract equivalent to 5% of BGA for 4 weeks to measure plasma and liver lipids, hepatic gene expression, intestinal cholesterol absorption, and fecal sterol excretion. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) was significantly lower in 2.5% and 5% NO-fed groups, while plasma triglyceride (TG) levels were decreased in the 5% NO group compared with controls. However, neither NO organic extract (NOE) nor SP-fed groups altered plasma lipids. Hepatic mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α, and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 were induced in 5% NO-fed mice, while there were no significant changes in hepatic lipogenic gene expression between groups. NO, but not NOE and SP groups, significantly decreased intestinal cholesterol absorption. When HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes were incubated with NOE and SP organic extract (SPE), there were marked decreases in protein levels of HMGR, low-density lipoprotein receptor, and fatty acid synthase. In conclusion, the nonlipid fraction of NO exerts TC and TG-lowering effects primarily by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption and by increasing hepatic fatty acid oxidation, respectively.

비행 및 약물사용 청소년의 탈비행 : 돕는자로서의 삶

김시아 ( Siah Kim ),김하은 ( Haeun Kim ) 초록우산 어린이재단(구 한국복지재단) 2018 어린이재단 연구논문 모음집 Vol.2018 No.-

본 연구는 탈비행 그리고 돕는자의 삶을 살고 있는 비행 및 약물사용 청소년의 생애사 연구이다. 연구참여자 5명과 16회의 생애사적 내러티브 면담을 통해 생애사 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 생애사 자료는 Saldana(2009)가 제시한 종단적 코딩을 통해 연대기적 분석을 하여 삶의 여정을 살펴보았다. 이어서 Mandelbaum(1973)이 제안한 생애사 분석틀을 재구성하여 ‘삶의 영역’, ‘전환점’으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 ‘삶의 영역’은 ‘비행의 늪에 갇힌 삶 - 탈비행으로 전진하는 삶 - 돕는자로 생활하는 삶’으로 범주화할 수 있었다. 3가지 삶의 영역은 공존시기도 존재하였으며, 하위 13개 범주가 도출되었다. ‘전환점’은 ‘비행의 늪에서 탈비행으로 전진’과 ‘탈비행에서 돕는자로 전향’으로 범주화 하였고 하위 6개의 개념이 도출되었다. 본 연구는 비행에서 탈비행, 그리고 그것을 넘어 돕는자로 전향하여 새로운 생산적인 삶을 살아가고 있는 모습을 보여주고 있다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 특히, 돕는자의 삶을 조명함으로써 비행 및 약물사용 청소년의 긍정적인 모델링을 제시하였고, 비행 및 약물사용 청소년을 위한 사회복지적 실천적 정책적 제언을 제안했다. The purpose of this study was to examine the life history of adolescents who are living as helpers, desisted from delinquency and drug use. Life history data was collected from five participants with 16 sessions of biographic-narrative interview. The collected life history data was analyzed chronologically, using the longitudinal coding provided by Saldana(2009). Then, the life history analysis framework proposed by Mandelbaum(1973) was reconstructed to analyze 'the realm of life' and 'turning point'. As a result, 'the realm of life' is classified as 'a life trapped in the frame of delinquency-a life advancing from delinquency to desistance-a life as a helper'. These three stages of life were not clearly distinguished, with an overlapping period, and 13 subcategories were found. ‘Turning point' is classified as ‘a life advancing from a frame of delinquency to desistance’ and ‘conversion of life from desistance of delinquency to a helper’, and 6 subcategories were found. This study is meaningful in that it shows the new productive lives of adolescents, who became helpers by overcoming delinquency and moving beyond desistance. In particular, this research shows positive modeling of adolescents in delinquency and drug-use by accentuating the lives of helpers. Practical and political suggestions for adolescents in delinquency and drug-use in social welfare area are proposed.

Health Benefits of Blue-Green Algae: Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chai Siah Ku,Yue Yang,박영기,이지영 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.2

Blue-green algae (BGA) are among the most primitive life forms on earth and have been consumed as food or medicine by humans for centuries. BGA contain various bioactive components, such as phycocyanin, carotenoids, γ-linolenic acid, fibers, and plant sterols, which can promote optimal health in humans. Studies have demonstrated that several BGA species or their active components have plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride-lowering properties due to their modulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption and hepatic lipogenic gene expression. BGA can also reduce inflammation by inhibiting the nuclear factor κ B activity, consequently reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, BGA inhibit lipid peroxidation and have free radical scavenging activity, which can be beneficial for the protection against oxidative stress. The aforementioned effects of BGA can contribute to the prevention of metabolic and inflammatory diseases. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the health-promoting functions of BGA against cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which are major health threats in the developed countries.

Blue-Green Algae Inhibit the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice

Chai Siah Ku,김보경,Tho X. Pham,Yue Yang,Casey J. Wegner,박영기,Marcy Balunas,이지영 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.12

Hyperlipidemia and inflammation contribute to the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Our objective was to determine antiatherogenic effect of edible blue-green algae (BGA) species, that is, Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides Ku¨tzing (NO) and Spirulina platensis (SP), in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice, a well-established mouse model of atherosclerosis. Male ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol (HF/HC, 15% fat and 0.2% cholesterol by wt) control diet or a HF/HC diet supplemented with 5% (w/w) of NO or SP powder for 12 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were measured, and livers were analyzed for histology and gene expression. Morphometric analysis for lesions and immunohistochemical analysis for CD68 were conducted in the aorta and the aortic root. NO supplementation significantly decreased plasma TC and TG, and liver TC, compared to control and SP groups. In the livers of NO-fed mice, less lipid droplets were present with a concomitant decrease in fatty acid synthase protein levels than the other groups. There was a significant increase in hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor protein levels in SP-supplemented mice than in control and NO groups. Quantification of aortic lesions by en face analysis demonstrated that both NO and SP decreased aortic lesion development to a similar degree compared with control. While lesions in the aortic root were not significantly different between groups, the CD68-stained area in the aortic root was significantly lowered in BGA-fed mice than controls. In conclusion, both NO and SP supplementation decreased the development of atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that they may be used as a natural product for atheroprotection.

CORPORATE PARENT EFFECT ON SUBSIDIARY TECHNOLOGY AND DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGIES

Ang, Siah-Hwee Korea Association for International Commerce and I 2008 International Commerce and Information Review Vol.1 No.1

This paper examines the corporate parent effect on the diversification strategies of triad and Asian subsidiaries in the ASEAN region. I find that triad subsidiaries tend to participate in high technology intensive industries, and are more likely to diversify. In addition, I also find that the subsidiary diversification strategy is significantly affected by the number of affiliations under the same corporate parent that perform the same or different activities in the region. These results shed light on the influence of corporate parent on subsidiary-level strategy and the role of the subsidiary within an economically integrated region. Various implications are discussed.

로코코 시대를 배경으로 한 영화의상 비교 분석

김시아(Kim, Siah),최정욱(Choi, Jeongwook) 한국디자인지식학회 2012 디자인지식저널 Vol.24 No.-

본 연구는 로코코시대 상류 여성을 주인공으로 하는 두 영화 「마리 앙투아네트」와 「공작부인」에서 각기 다른 ‘지역적 배경’과 ‘감독의 기획의도’에 따라 영화의상이 어떻게 다르게 표현되는지 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 두 편의 영화의상을 아이템별·캐릭터별·상황별로 분석하여 정리하고, 이러한 결과에 끼친 영향을 규명하였다. 먼저 아이템 분석 결과, 가장 많은 비중을 차지한 로브의 형태는 「마리 앙투아네트」의 경우 로브 아 라 프랑세즈이며, 「공작부인」에서는 로브 아 랑글레즈로 분석되었다. 이는 같은 로코코 시대이지만, 살롱 문화 중심인 ‘프랑스’라는 지역적 배경과 실용적인 문화를 중시하는 ‘영국’의 지리적 배경이 작용한 것으로 생각된다. 다음으로 캐릭터별 분석에 따라 나타난 의상의 차이를 살펴본 결과, 마리 앙투아네트와 공작부인은 10대 중·후반의 비슷한 연령대임에도 불구하고, 지역적인 배경과 감독의 기획 의도 등 여러 가지 요인들로 인하여 의상의 차이가 확연하게 드러났다. 마지막으로 내용 전개상 주어진 상황에 따라 의상이 어떻게 다르게 표현되었는지 비교하였다. 그 결과 두 영화에서 각각 주어진 상황에 맞게 같은 아이템의 복식을 착용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 두 편의 영화 모두 결혼식에서는 로브 아 라 프랑세즈를, 파티와 평상복으로는 로브 아 랑글레즈를, 외출복으로는 로브 아 라 폴로네즈. 까라코., 펠리스를 착용함으로서 T.P.O에 맞게 설정하여 착용하였음을 알 수 있었다. This study aimed to explore how differently costumes in movies were expressed according to each `local background" and `the director"s intention" based on two movies, Marie Antoinette and The Duchess where upper class females of rococo times appeared as main characters. Based on the results from item analyses, the types of robes which most frequently appeared in the movies were robe a la francaise as for Marie Antoinette and robe a la l"anglaise as for The Duchess. Despite the same rococo background, these different results came from local background of France where salons played an important role and the geographical background of the UK where practical cultures were valued. As for costumes revealed from analyses of characters, Marie Antoinette and the Duchess, despite their same age group of the mid and late teens, had clear differences in costumes due to various factors such as local backgrounds and the director"s intention. Finally, how differently the costumes were expressed according to situations of each story was compared. It was found that costumes of the same item were used according to the given situation in both movies. In parties and for casual wear, they wore robe a la l"anglaise and for outdoor wear, robe a la polonaise and pelisse were worn, which revealed that characters wore clothes based on T.P.O.