http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
( Shun Ha Sylvia Wong ),( Peter Hancox ) 한국언어정보학회 1998 국제 워크샵 Vol.1998 No.-
Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) has been quite widely used as the linguistic backbone for recent Machine Translation (MT) systems. The relative order-free functional structure (f-structure) in LFG is believed to provide a suitable medium for performing source-to-target language transfer in a transfer-based MT system. However, the linguistic information captured by traditional f-structure is syntax-based, which makes it relatively language-dependent and thus inadequate to handle the mapping between different languages. Problems are found in the lexical selection and in the transfer from some English passive sentences to Chinese. The recent development of the relatively language-independent argument structure (a-structure) and the lexical mapping theory in the LFG formalism seems to provide a solution to these problems. This paper shows how this can be done and evaluates the effectiveness of the use of a-structures for MT.
Oxidation Study of Pure Fe and Fe-36Ni Alloy at Elevated Temperature
Ha, Sang An,Shin, Shun Myung,Yun, Jung Yeul,Wang, Jei Pil Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Applied mechanics and materials Vol.328 No.-
<P>There have been many studies on the oxidation of pure iron and steel at different temperatures and pressures. D. Caplan <I>et al</I>. demonstrated the effect of cold-work and metal grain size on the oxidation rate of iron. It was concluded that the oxidation rate of iron was accelerated with temperature, cold-work, and increased oxygen pressure, while the oxidation rate of iron, coarse-or fine-grained, cold-worked or annealed, was found to be the same at the FeO-forming temperature range [1-3].</P>
잉여슬러지 가용화를 위한 마이크로버블 오존 이용에 관한 연구
이순화(Shun Hwa Lee),정계주(Kye Ju Jung),권진하(Jin Ha Kwon),이세한(Se Han Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.4
본 연구에서는 오존을 이용한 잉여슬러지의 가용화 실험을 실시하였다. 오존의 접촉효율을 높이기 위해 마이크로버블 화된 오존(이하 마이크로버블 오존이라 함)을 이용하였으며, 생성된 마이크로버블 오존의 사이즈는 평균 직경 30㎛정도였고, 40㎛이하가 전체의 약 90% 정도를 나타내었다. 마이크로버블 오존을 이용한 슬러지 처리에 있어서는 슬러지 농도에 상관없이 오존주입율을 0.34g O₃/g SS 이하로 주입할 경우, 폐오존의 발생 없이 오존소모율이 100%인 것으로 조사되었다. 각 농도별 슬러지 처리에 있어서 슬러지의 초기 SS 농도를 6,447mg/L, 5,557mg/L, 3,180mg/L, 1,092mg/L 및 515mg/L로 하였을 경우, 동일한 오존주입율에 있어서 초기 SS의 농도가 증가할수록 제거되는 SS량이 증가하는 경향을 나타내어, 오존의 산화효율을 높이기 위해서는 초기 SS의 농도가 높은 슬러지를 처리하는 것이 효과적이었다. 한편, 슬러지의 복합처리로서 산과 알칼리 그리고 오존처리를 검토한 결과, 오존의 전처리로서 산처리를 이용하는 것이 알칼리처리에 비해 효과적이었으며, 슬러지에 주입하는 황산의 농도를 0.01N로 하고, 오존주입율 0.05g O₃/g SS로 처리한 경우, 제거된 SS의 양은 153.9g으로 오존단독처리시 81.2g에 비해 1.9배의 많은 양이 제거되었다. This study was conducted with the experiment of solubilisation of excess sludge by microbubble ozone process. To improve ozone contact efficiency, microbubble ozones which its diameter were the avearge 30㎛, microbubble size less than 40㎛ occupied about over 90% of all. In treating sludge using microbubble ozones, in case microbubble ozones are injected at microbubble ozone dosage of 0.34g O₃/g SS or less regardless of sludge concentration, microbubble ozone consumption rate was found to be 100% with no emission of waste ozones. In treating sludges by each concentration, in case the initial SS concentration of sludge is set to 6,447mg/L, 5,557mg/L, 3,180mg/L, 1,092mg/L and 515mg/L, the amount of removed SS tended to increase with increase in initial SS concentration for the same microbubble ozone dosage, and treatment of sludge with high initial SS concentration was effective in raising the oxidation efficiency of microbubble ozones. On the other hand, as a result of reviewing acid, alkali and microbubble ozone treatment as composite treatment of sludge, use of acid treatment for the pre-treatment of microbubble ozone was more effective than alkali treatment, and in case of treatment at microbubble ozone dosage 0.05g O₃/g SS with the concentration of sulfuric acid infused in the sludge, the amount of removed SS, 153.9g, was 1.9 times more than 81.2g the amount of single treatment of microbubble ozone.
Study of Cyclic Oxidation for Copper Removal from Solid Ferrous Scrap in End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV)
Shin, Shun Myung,Lee, Dong Won,Ha, Sang An,Wang, Jei Pil Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Advanced materials research Vol.699 No.-
<P>Iron and steel scrap have been reused to produce new steel and cast iron in the steelmaking and foundry industry for more than 150 years, but the accumulation of tramp elements contained in steel scrap such as copper, tin, antimony, and arsenic is a major concern. This is primarily because these tramp elements are difficult to remove in conventional steelmaking processes. In particular, the presence of copper during the recycling of steel scrap can cause severe surface cracking during hot rolling (hot shortness), inhibit recrystallization during hot forming, and reduce ductility in deep drawing. For these reasons, considerable efforts have been made in recent decades to develop a technology that can remove copper from ferrous scraps[1-3].</P>
마이크로버블오존을 이용한 잉여슬러지 가용화 처리가 생물반응조의 성능에 미치는 영향
이순화(Shun Hwa Lee),정계주(Kye Ju Jung),권진하(Jin Ha Kwon),이세한(Se Han Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.2
오존을 이용한 잉여슬러지 감량화 시스템이 결합된 생물학적 처리 공정에서 잉여슬러지의 무배출에 따른 생물반응 조내의 영향 및 처리수질을 검토하였다. 잉여슬러지 인발량 배수(SDNmin)가 3인 조건에서 잉여슬러지의 pH를 4 이하로 전 처리한 후 오존주입율 0.03 g O₃/g SS로 처리한 결과 잉여슬러지의 인발 없이 안정적인 생물학적 처리가 가능하였다. OURmax 실험 결과, 오존주입율 0.03 g O₃/g SS의 조건에서 대부분의 슬러지는 미생물 활성이 없어지는 것으로 조사되었다. 잉여슬러지의 가용화에 따른 생물반응조내에서의 MLVSS/MLSS의 변화는 거의 없었고, 반응조내 미생물의 인 축적 현상도 관측되지 않았다. 잉여슬러지 가용화 후 생물학적 처리수의 유기물 및 SS의 농도 증가 현상은 관측되지 않았고, 생물반응조내의 질산화 및 탈질율 증가로 유출수중의 T-N 농도가 감소하는 효과를 나타내었다. T-P의 경우에는 잉여슬러지의 무배출로 인해 대부분이 제거되지 않고 유출수중에 함유되어 유출되는 것으로 조사되었다. The study purpose was to examine an effect of zero emission of excess sludge on biological reactor and treated water quality within the biological reactor in the process of biological treatment combined with excess sludge reduction system with ozone. Under an ozone injection rate 0.03 g O₃/g SS, Sludge Disintegration Number (SDN) 3 and less than pH 4 as pre-treatment process, it was possible to maintain a stable biological treatment process without sludge disintegration. In the test of OURmax, of sludge, its value was hardly under the condition of ozone injection rate 0.03 g O₃/g SS. There were almost no changes of MLVSS/ MLSS within biological reactor followed by a solubilization of excess sludge. Accumulation of microorganism within biological reactor was also not observed. After solubilization of excess sludge, an increase for organic matter and SS concentrations of an effluent was not observed and T-N concentration was reduced by increasing nitrification and denitrification rate within biological reactor. Most of T-P was not removed by zero emission of excess sludge and was leaked by being included in effluents.
미세기포 액막화 부상법을 이용한 하수 2차 처리수의 인 제거에 관한 연구
이순화(Shun Hwa Lee),강현우(Hyun Woo Kang),이세한(Se Han Lee),권진하(Jin Ha Kwon),정계주(Kye Joo Jung) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.1
본 연구에서는 미세기포 액막화 부상조를 이용하여 인 제거에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 미세기포 액막화 부상조는 기체용해탱크를 이용하여 부상 전 기·액을 충분히 용해시킨 후 일정한 저 압력으로 동일한 미세기포를 생성하도록 하는 방법을 사용하였다. A₂O 공정과 m-O₃(미세기포 생성장치와 오존용해탱크가 결합된 공정)복합공정을 거친 2차 유출수를 인 제거 공정의 유입수로 사용하였으며, 원수의 T-P 농도가 2.89 mg/L일 때, 8%의 Alum을 30 mg/L의 농도로 주입하였을 경우 T-P 제거 율이 94%를 나타내었고, T-P의 방류수수질기준인 0.2 mg/L 이하를 만족시키는 것으로 조사되었으며, 계절에 따른 수온 변화는 T-P 제거 특성에 영향을 주지 않았다. SS의 유입농도가 1.0 mg/L 이상일 시 SS가 응집공정 내의 seed 역할을 하여 평균 T-P의 제거율이 97% 이상 되는 것으로 조사되었고, 부상스컴을 50% 반송할 경우, 부상스컴 내에 포함되어 있는 응집제 성분 Al이 주입되는 응집제의 역할을 보조하여 오염물질의 응집효율을 극대화 시키는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 조건에서 T-P의 방류수 수질기준 0.2 mg/L 이하를 만족하는 0.18 mg/L의 농도를 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. In this study, experiment on phosphorus removal was performed by using microbubble liquid film flotation tank with microbubble module. After dissolving gas and liquid in dissolving tank, microbubble liquid film system created microbubbles in equal size under fixed low pressure. After being passed through A₂O and m-O₃ process, secondary treatment wastewater was used as influent in phosphorus removal process. When the T-P concentration of influent was 2.89 mg/L, alum(8%, 30 mg/L) was injected into a microbubble flotation tank, the treatment resulted 94% of T-P removal rate. Remaining T-P concentration was less than 0.2 mg/L, which is in accord with the effluent quality standard. Seasonal variations in water temperature showed no differences in T-P removal property. When the inflow concentration of SS was 1.0 mg/L or more, it served as coagulation nuclei in the coagulation process. In that condition, average T-P removal rate was higher than 97%. When 50% of floated scum was returned, coagulator Al included in scum assisted the injected coagulator and maximized the coagulation efficiency of pollutant. In such treatment, the T-P concentration was measured as 0.18 mg/L and satisfied the outflow water quality standard, which is 0.2 mg/L or less.