Deuterium Clusters Fusion Induced by the Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulse

Hong-Jie, Liu,Zhi-Jian, Zheng,Yu-Qiu, Gu,Bao-Han, Zhang,Yong-Joo, Rhee,Sung-Mo, Nam,Jae-Min, Han,Yong-Woo, Rhee,Kwon-Hae, Yea,Jia-Bin, Chen,Hong-Bin, Wang,Chun-Ye, Jiao,Ying-Ling, He,Tian-Shu, Wen,Xia ALLERTON PRESS INC 2007 CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS Vol.24 No.2

<P>Neutrons (2.45 MeV) from deuterium cluster fusion induced by the intense femtosecond (30 fs) laser pulse are experimentally demonstrated. The average neutron yield 10<SUP>3</SUP> per shot is obtained. It is found that the yield slightly increases with the increasing laser spot size. No neutron can be observed when the laser intensity I < 4.3×10<SUP>15</SUP> W/cm<SUP>2</SUP>.</P>

중국 국경간 B2C 전자상거래 수입 관련 법률 및 정책에 관한 연구

이홍숙(Hong-Shu LI) 한국무역상무학회 2020 貿易商務硏究 Vol.87 No.-

해외소비자의 해외직구 증가로 해외직판은 한국의 중소기업에게 새로운 수출방식으로 주목받고 있는 가운데 한국의 최대 해외직판 시장인 중국의 해외직구 시장에 대한 공략이 필요하다. 중국의 국경간 B2C 전자상거래 수입은 크게 국경간 전자상거래 소매수입과 해외 직배송 수입으로 구분하며, 양자는 감독관리 정책과 세수 정책을 달리 적용하고 있다. 특히 중국의 국경간 전자상거래 소매수입은 한국의 중소기업에게 중국 해외직구 시장에 진입하는 장벽으로 작용하여 그들의 대중국해외직판 전략의 수립에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이에 본 논문은 중국 국경간 B2C 전자상거래 수입 관련 법률 및 정책에 대해 연구함으로써 이에 대한 한국 중소기업의 이해도를 높이고 그들에게 중국의 해외직구 시장 공략을 위한 전략을 제시함과 동시에 정부차원의 지원방안을 제시하였다. Overseas direct sales are emerging as a new export avenue for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Korea. This is being driven by an increase in direct purchases by overseas consumers. Therefore, it is necessary to target China-Korea"s largest overseas direct sales market-to promote exports. As China"s e-commerce market has grown, the country has enacted the "China Electronic Signature Law" to ensure the legal safety of e-commerce. Furthermore, it has enacted the "China E-Commerce Law" to protect the legitimate interests of each e-commerce entity, standardize e-commerce, and maintain market order. China has also announced several policies to promote and standardize the development of cross-border B2C e-commerce. These include policies on import-related supervisory management, taxation, cross-border e-commerce retail import pilot city program, and cross-border e-commerce retail import product lists. Chins" cross-border B2C e-commerce imports are largely divided into cross-border e-commerce retail imports(including imports through bonded online shopping and imports through direct purchasing), and overseas direct delivery imports. Different supervisory management and taxation policies are applied to both types of imports. For cross-border e-commerce retail imports, China"s import patterns and supervisory management policies can act as entry barriers to exports for Korean SMEs and affect establishment of their overseas direct sales strategies for China. Meanwhile, the China E-Commerce Law also applies to cross-border B2Ce-commerce imports in China. Therefore, Korean SMSs to target China"s overseas direct purchase market, it is necessary to first acquire an overall understanding of China"s cross-border B2C e-commerce import laws and policies. This paper aims to study these laws and policies to help Korean SMEs by improving their understanding of these laws and policies. This paper also presents a strategy for targeting China"s overseas direct purchase market. Furthermore, it proposes government-level support measures to support this strategy.

The difference between two distribution functions

Chong Shu Hong 한국데이터정보과학회 2013 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.24 No.6

There are many methods for measuring the difference between two location param-eters. In this paper, statistics are proposed in order to estimate the difference of two location parameters. The statistics are designed not using the means, variances, signs and ranks, but with the cumulative distribution functions. Hence these are measured as the differences in the area between two univariate cumulative distribution functions. It is found that the difference in the area between two empirical cumulative distribution functions is the difference of two sample means, and its integral is also the difference of two population means.

Risk Factors for Early and Late Intrahepatic Recurrence in Patients with Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Macrovascular Invasion after Curative Resection

Li, Shu-Hong,Guo, Zhi-Xing,Xiao, Cheng-Zuo,Wei, Wei,Shi, Ming,Chen, Zhi-Yuan,Cai, Mu-Yan,Zheng, Lie,Guo, Rong-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Background: Prognostic factors of postoperative early and late recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing curative resection remain to be clarified. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for postoperative early (${\leq}$ 2 year) and late (> 2 year) intrahepatic recurrences in patients with single HCCs without macrovascular invasion. Methods: A total of 280 patients from December 2004 to December 2007 were retrospectively included in this study. Intrahepatic recurrence was classified into early (${\leq}$ 2 year) and late (> 2 year) and the Chi-Square test or Fisher's exact test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine significant risk factors. Results: During the follow-up, 124 patients had intrahepatic recurrence, early and late in 82 and 42 patients, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that microvascular invasion (p=0.006, HR: 2.397, 95% CI: 1.290-4.451) was the only independent risk factor for early recurrence, while being female (p = 0.031, HR: 0.326, 95% CI: 0.118-0.901), and having a high degree of cirrhosis (P=0.001, HR: 2.483, 95% CI: 1.417-4.349) were independent risk factors for late recurrence. Conclusions: Early and late recurrence of HCC is linked to different risk factors in patients with single HCC without macrovascular invasion. This results suggested different emphases of strategies for prevent of recurrence after curative resection, more active intervention including adjuvant therapy, anti-cirrhosis drugs and careful follow-up being necessary for patients with relevant risk factors.

Women's Participation and Governance in China

(Yuan Shu Hong) 한국행정학회 2000 Bulletins et mémoires de la Societe d'Anthropologi Vol.2000 No.1

Wax Apple Production in Selected Tropical Asian Countries

Zen-hong Shu,Mohamad Reza Tirtawinata,Zainudin Meon,Chinnapan Thanarut 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

어음보증을 이용한 포페이팅거래에 관한 연구

이홍숙(Hong Shu LI),김종칠(Jong Chill KIM) 한국무역상무학회 2016 貿易商務硏究 Vol.69 No.-

An increasing number of transactions in the bilateral trade between Korea and China rely on collection and remittance, resulting in an increase in exporters' demand for trade financing. Therefore, there is a need to vitalize forfaiting transactions using drafts or promissory notes, which are based on the collections. In the forfaiting transactions, exporters transfer a payment claimto forfaiters on a non-recourse basis through a without recourse endorsement. However, forfaiters do not know importers' creditworthiness and ability to repay drafts or promissory notes; thus, they need a bank aval as ameans of credit support. In forfaiting using aval, the drafts or promissory notes are transferred internationally. However, there is no internationally unified law that regulates drafts and promissory notes, and the governing laws related to such drafts and promissory notes do not accept the “principle of party autonomy.” Therefore, there is no other choice but to apply the laws of a certain country, in the event of any dispute relating to such drafts or promissory notes. This paper examined forfaiting using aval from the comparative law perspective, focusing on the “Law of China on Negotiable Instruments.” The results of this study may to provide businesses involved in international trade with practical guidance and assistance when using forfaiting with aval, especially in trade with China.

Use of Clozapine for the Treatment of Schizophrenia: Findings of the 2006 Research on the China Psychotropic Prescription Studies

Tian-Mei Si,Yun-shu Zhang,Liang Shu,Ke-Qing Li,Xie-He Liu,Qi-Yi Mei,Gao-Hua Wang,Pei-Shen Bai,Li-Ping Ji,Xian-Sheng Cheng,Cui Ma,Jian-Guo Shi,Hong-Yan Zhang,Hong Ma,Xin Yu 대한정신약물학회 2012 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.10 No.2

Objective: Clozapine is one of the most commonly used antipsychotic drugs in China. To date, few studies have investigated the patterns the prescription of clozapine nationwide. The present study examined these patterns in China in 2006 and identified the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the use of clozapine. Methods: Using a standardized protocol and data collection procedure, we surveyed 5,898 patients with schizophrenia in 10provinces with differing levels of economic development. Results: Overall, clozapine had been prescribed for 31.9% (n=1,883) of the patients; however we found considerable variation among the 10 provinces. The frequency of clozapine use was highest in Sichuan (39.3%) and lowest in Beijing (17.3%). The mean daily dose of clozapine was 210.36±128.72 mg/day, and 25.1% of the patients were treated with clozapine in combination with other antipsychotics. Compared with the group not receiving clozapine, clozapine-user had been treated for longer durations and had experienced a greater number of relapses and hospitalizations. Furthermore, those in the clozapine-user had lower family incomes, were less able to seek psychiatric services, and more likely to be male and have a positive family history of schizophrenia. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age, sex, professional help-seeking behaviors, duration of illness, economic status, educational level, and clinical manifestations were associated with the use of clozapine. Conclusion: Clozapine use is common in China. However, use of the antipsychotic varies among provinces, and demographic and clinical factors play important roles in the prescription of clozapine.

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Bidirectional Variable Curvature Friction Pendulum Bearing

Shu-Chao Lin,Jian-Qiang Han,Hong-tie Zhao 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.5

In this study, to satisfy the base isolation demand of large-scale building structures under different earthquake records, a new bidirectional variable curvature friction pendulum bearing (BD-VCFPB) is proposed. The VCFPB is designed in detail based on the basic principle of a friction pendulum system. Moreover, the sliding interface function, gap between the slider and the sliding interface, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plate stress are studied. Finally, a dynamic cyclic test is conducted to study the influence of the slider size, contact pressure on the PTFE plate, and loading frequency on the hysteretic behavior of the VCFPB. The results indicate that the hysteretic curves of the horizontal force and the displacement are regular, symmetrical, stable, and full, and clearly reflect the variable curvature convex and concave characteristics and the excellent behavior of energy dissipation of the BD-VCFPB. The sliding friction coefficient varies significantly with the contact pressure on the PTFE plate and the loading frequency; however, it has little relation with the slider size. A hysteretic model is proposed based on the results of a unidirectional test, and it is in good agreement with the hysteretic curves of the horizontal force and the displacement from a bidirectional test.

Causal Relations between Exposome and Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Hong-Qi Li,Yi-Wei Feng,Yu-Xiang Yang,Xin-Yi Leng,Prof Can Zhang,Shi-Dong Chen,Kevin Kuo,Shu-Yi Huang,Xue-Qing Zhang,Yi Dong,Xiang Han,Xin Cheng,Mei Cui,Lan Tan,Qiang Dong,Jin-Tai Yu 대한뇌졸중학회 2022 Journal of stroke Vol.24 No.2

Background and Purpose To explore the causal relationships of elements of the exposome with ischemic stroke and its subtypes at the omics level and to provide evidence for stroke prevention. Methods We conducted a Mendelian randomization study between exposure and any ischemic stroke (AIS) and its subtypes (large-artery atherosclerotic disease [LAD], cardioembolic stroke [CE], and small vessel disease [SVD]). The exposure dataset was the UK Biobank involving 361,194 subjects, and the outcome dataset was the MEGASTROKE consortium including 52,000 participants. Results We found that higher blood pressure (BP) (systolic BP: odds ratio [OR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.04; diastolic BP: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05; pulse pressure: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.06), atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.25), and diabetes (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.18) were significantly associated with ischemic stroke. Importantly, higher education (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.79) decreased the risk of ischemic stroke. Higher systolic BP (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.10), pulse pressure (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.14), diabetes (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.45), and coronary artery disease (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.00) could cause LAD. Atrial fibrillation could cause CE (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.71 to 2.11). For SVD, higher systolic BP (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.07), diastolic BP (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.12), and diabetes (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.36) were causal factors. Conclusions The study revealed elements of the exposome causally linked to ischemic stroke and its subtypes, including conventional causal risk factors and novel protective factors such as higher education.