Characterization of hostplant innate immunity from Kharif-II rice cultivars against rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guen.) via in-situ screening and physicochemical assays

Das Shimul,Rahman Mahfuzur,Sarkar Rituraj,Kumar Dash Prosanta,Porter Lyndon,Mostofa Kamal Md. 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1

In 2019 and 2020, ten rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars including check commonly grown in the Kharif-II season (June-November) were in-situ screened against rice leaf folder (RLF, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) in RLF-prone experimental plots in Bagerhat, Bangladesh, following RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with three replicates and physicochemical analyses in the lab to evaluate their innate immunity to the pest. Of ten cultivars, only BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute) rice 72 and 87 tended to be moderately resistant (damage scale 3.00–4.99), while BRRI rice 73, 80, and 90 were susceptible to RLF (damage scale 7.00–8.99) and none appearing to be highly resistant or susceptible. In-field evaluation of Kharif-II rice cultivars against RLF, principal component analysis identified 14 key variables of 30 contributing maximum variance of PCA1 and PCA2. Cluster analysis grouped studied rice cultivars into four clades with clade II of BRRI rice 72 and 87 belonging to resistant club with high tannin and phenol contents (mg/g) assuring relatively higher yield (MT/ha) over others. A 3-D surface plot demonstrated, upsurge of larvae/ hill speeded up RLF incidence and severity (%) while bubble plot depicted, tiller infection (%) and RLF-fold length (cm) enhanced by leaf width (cm) limited the grain yield (MT/ha) in rice, well-supportive to correlation analysis. As per regression analysis, unit increment of tannin and phenol content (mg/g) declined tiller infection by 11 and 14%. Identified these two resistant cultivars could be used as potential parents in further breeding programs to develop an elite high yielding Kharif-II rice line by combining their novel resistance through hybridization.

THE ROLE OF LUXURY BRAND ATTACHMENT ON CONSUMER BRAND RELATIONSHIP

Anwar Sadat Shimul,Michael Lwin,Ian Phau 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2017 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2017 No.07

This study aims to investigate the role of luxury brand attachment on consumer brand relationship by examining the relationship with trust, commitment, satisfaction and loyalty. This also examines the interrelationships among trust, commitment, satisfaction and loyalty from luxury branding context which provides a good number of theoretical and practical implications. Introduction The global luxury market exceeded $1 trillion in the year 2015 with a 5% annual growth (Bain & Co., 2015). However, industry experts predict that the luxury industry will face challenges in upcoming year primarily due to the economic instability and turmoil in the global foreign exchange market (Robert, 2015). Therefore, the luxury brand executives should carefully target their future consumer segment to sustain the current growth (Luxury Society, 2015). Earlier studies demonstrate that consumers seek various types of emotional benefits from luxury brands such as status seeking (Nelissen & Meijers, 2011), hedonic pleasure (Tsai, 2005), feeling good (Aaker, 1999), pleasurable experience (Atwal & Williams, 2009), mental peace (Silverstein & Fiske, 2003), and impressing others (Wiedmann, Hennigs, & Siebels, 2009). Moreover, these emotional benefits create a comprehensive and memorable experience in terms of ownership and consumption of luxury brands (Choo et al., 2012). Therefore, luxury brand marketers should emphasize more on emotional attachment for building a long term and sustainable customer relationship (Orth et al., 2010). Research Gap Existing literature on consumer-brand relationship mostly considers cross-cultural issues (Chang & Chieng, 2006), reviving brand loyalty (Fournier, 1997), consumer attitude (Aggarwal, 2004), satisfaction (Sung & Choi, 2006), self-brand connection (Cheng et al., 2012), trust-based commitment (Hess & Story, 1995) and such other dimensions on brand evaluation (e.g. Swaminathan et al., 2007). Few studies have considered luxury products (Hodge et al., 2015) and the role of emotional aspects (Hwang & Kandampully, 2012) in the consumer-brand relationship. Still, there is a lack of empirical support for understanding the role of luxury brand attachment into the construct. This research will attempt to fulfil these research gaps. Conceptual Model and Hypotheses Psychological theories explain attachment as the tie between a person and an object or any other components (Bowlby, 1979; Hazan & Shaver, 1994). Brand attachment is defined as a long-term and commitment oriented tie between the consumer and the brand (Esch et al., 2006). The conceptualization of luxury brand demonstrates that the inherent traits of luxury brands are distinctiveness, high transaction value, superior quality, inimitability, and craftsmanship; and luxury brand consumption is mostly emotion laden (Nueno & Quelch, 1998). Based on the existing attachment concepts and theories, we define luxury brand attachment as the emotional bond that connects a consumer with a specific brand and develops deep feelings toward the brand. Several past studies have found that brand attachment reinforces brand trust and there is a positive relationship between brand attachment and trust (e.g. Belaid & Behi, 2011). In addition, Esch et al. (2006) argue that brand satisfaction and brand attachment are interrelated and satisfaction results long-term consumer-brand relationships (Gladstein, 1984). Moreover, strong commitment from the consumers has been identified as a critical factor of long lasting brand relationship (Li et al., 2014; Sung and Choi, 2010). Further, Thomson et al. (2005) find that brand attachment creates behavioural loyalty for which consumers are also willing to pay higher prices. Expecting similar relationship from luxury branding context, we propose that H1: The higher the luxury brand attachment, the greater the consumers trust in that brand. H2: The higher the luxury brand attachment, the greater the consumer satisfaction for that brand. H3: The higher the luxury brand attachment, the greater the consumer commitment to that brand. H4: Higher luxury brand attachment leads to higher behavioural loyalty to that brand. Scholars explain that satisfaction is an essential element of brand loyalty and both the constructs are positively related (e.g. Agustin and Singh, 2005). Past researches find that highly satisfied consumers demonstrate repeat purchases (e.g. Bennett et al, 2005). Past studies also show that trust toward the brand results brand loyalty and strengthen the relationship (Bansal et al., 2014; Belaid & Behi, 2011). Fournier (1997) identify brand trust as the key determinant of brand loyalty. Thus, we propose that H5: Higher satisfaction to the luxury brand leads to higher behavioural loyalty to that brand. H6: Higher trust to the luxury brand leads to higher behavioural loyalty to that brand. Ganesan (1994) argue that a satisfied customer develop trust toward a specific brand. In support of this, Belaid & Behi (2011) state that if a brand becomes successful in fulfilling the promise with consistence performance, the consumer will have satisfaction and positive feeling about the brand. In addition, the authors find a positive relationship between brand commitment and behavioural loyalty. Expecting similar relationship from luxury branding context, we propose that H7: The higher the trust in luxury brand, the more customer satisfaction in that brand. H8: Higher commitment to the luxury brand leads to higher behavioural loyalty to that brand. Summary of the hypothesised relationships are illustrated in Figure 1. Methodology The simple random sampling will ensure proper representation of the target population and eliminate the sampling bias (Cook & Campbell, 1979; Zikmund, 2002). The sample population will be 300 young Australian consumers aged between 20-30 years. Previous studies have found that there is a growth in luxury brand purchase by individuals in younger age groups e.g. 20 – 30 (Hung et al., 2011). Therefore, this is representative of the possible drift in the ages of consumers in the market for luxury brand purchase (Han et al., 2010). A consumer panel from Qualtrics database will be used and the sample frame consists of consumers who have higher brand likeability (Martin & Stewart, 2001). Established scales will be used to measure the constructs. All items will be measured on a seven-point Likert scale with 1 representing “strongly disagree” and 7 representing “strongly agree”. Research Significance This would be the very first study to investigate the role of luxury brand attachment in consumer brand relationship. This research will provide meaningful insights for the brand managers, brand strategists and advertising managers. This research will assist luxury brand managers in allocation of resources for the action plans that will ensure a stronger tie with the consumers in a cost efficient way. For brand managers luxury brand attachment may help them with segmentation process and well as providing direction on improving attachment to the consumers to influence trust, commitment, satisfaction, and loyalty.

PUBLIC SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS AND LUXURY BRAND ATTACHMENT

Anwar Sadat Shimul,Sean Lee 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

This research provides empirical support to the understanding of the consumers’ public self-consciousness and its impact on the luxury brand attachment. A self-administered survey questionnaire was distributed to an online consumer panel in Australia. The results show that both actual and ideal self-congruity positively influence the consumers’ luxury brand attachment. The impact of actual self-congruence on luxury brand attachment is stronger than that of the ideal self-congruence for privately consumed luxury products. The impact is non-significant for publicly consumed luxury products. Moreover, highly attached consumers tend to advocate the luxury brands to other consumers. The research also reveals that public self-consciousness does not moderate the relationship between consumers’ perceived self-congruence and luxury brand attachment. The results suggest that luxury brand advertisers should incorporate the consumers’ actual and ideal self into the advertising message to strengthen the attachment. Future research may validate the hypothesised relationships within different luxury product and service category to enhance the generalisability of the findings.

Marketing in the metaverse: Moving forward – What’s next?

Isaac Cheah,Anwar Sadat Shimul 한국마케팅과학회 2023 마케팅과학연구 Vol.33 No.1

The widespread adoption of the metaverse has generated significant discussions within the marketing community about the challenges and opportunities it presents for consumer interaction with brands. This paper investigates how the metaverse may affect marketing and suggests a novel paradigm to deal with these problems. Furthermore, this article highlights new research directions. The article also offers a checklist for researchers to use when researching the potential advantages or disadvantages of the metaverse for digital marketing and advertising, branding, services, supply chain and logistics, ethics and sustainability, diversity and inclusion and consumer wellness. The proposed research agenda intends to offer insightful information to academics, practitioners, and decision-makers.

CONSUMER E-DEAL PRONENESS: DOES ANTICIPATORY REGRET MODERATE?

Isaac Cheah,Anwar Sadat Shimul,Sean Lee,Kevin Teah,Ian Phau 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2020 No.11

Boosting capacitive performance of manganese oxide nanorods by decorating with three-dimensional crushed graphene

Reaz Akter Hossain,Saha Shimul,Roy Chanchal Kumar,Wahab Md Abdul,Will Geoffrey,Amin Mohammed A.,Yamauchi Yusuke,Liu Shude,Kaneti Yusuf Valentino,Hossain Md. Shahriar,Firoz Shakhawat H. 나노기술연구협의회 2022 Nano Convergence Vol.9 No.10

This work reports the rational design of MnOx nanorods on 3D crushed reduced graphene oxide (MnOx/C-rGO) by chemical reduction of Ni-incorporated graphene oxide (GO) followed by chemical etching to remove Ni. The resulting MnOx/C-rGO composite synergistically integrates the electronic properties and geometry structure of MnOx and 3D C-rGO. As a result, MnOx/C-rGO shows a significantly higher specific capacitance (Csp) of 863 F g−1 than MnOx/2D graphene sheets (MnOx/S-rGO) (373 F g−1) and MnOx (200 F g−1) at a current density of 0.2 A g−1. Furthermore, when assembled into symmetric supercapacitors, the MnOx/C-rGO-based device delivers a higher Csp (288 F g−1) than MnOx/S-rGO-based device (75 F g−1) at a current density of 0.3 A g−1. The superior capacitive performance of the MnOx/C-rGO-based symmetric device is attributed to the enlarged accessible surface, reduced lamellar stacking of graphene, and improved ionic transport provided by the 3D architecture of MnOx/C-rGO. In addition, the MnOx/C-rGO-based device exhibits an energy density of 23 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 113 Wkg−1, and long-term cycling stability, demonstrating its promising potential for practical application.

Young consumer’s attitude toward local versus foreign luxury brands

Isaac Cheah,Anwar Sadat Shimul,Macy Hoi Ming Man 한국마케팅과학회 2020 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.11 No.4

This paper investigates the young consumer’s attitudes toward local versus foreign brands of fashion products. A 4 by 4 fixed factor framework is utilized. This includes four fashion product categories (e.g., Sunglasses, Jeans, Shoes and Perfume) and four COO cues. The four chosen COO were Italy, Australia, South Korea and China. Data (n = 200) were collected using a convenient sample of undergraduate business students in a large university situated in Australia. The findings showed that young (non)status consumption revealed no significant difference in product quality and brand image evaluation for Australian and Italian branded products, however, luxury fashion products branded in Korea and China are not favored. Furthermore, the study suggests that low and high country image as well as the country-related product image are critical elements to influencing the product-country congruity between consumers and their perceptions of luxury fashion products. The findings from this study hold important implications and guidelines for luxury brands and fashion houses that wish to enter an international market to better understand the consumer behavior.

DOES CONSUMERS’ ONLINE ENGAGEMENT MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE POWER OF STAR DESIGNER AND THE LUXURY BRAND DESIRABILITY?

D Hach Soeur,Anwar Sadat Shimul,Ian Phau 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2021 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2021 No.11

THE ROLE OF CONSUMER’S PERCEIVED VALUE IN EVALUATING THE INNOVATIVE PRODUCT

Isaac Cheah,Min Teah,Anwar Sadat Shimul,Hyo Jin Eom 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2020 No.11

DOES THE POWER OF STAR DESIGNER ENHANCE THE LUXURY BRAND DESIRABILITY?

D Hach Soeur,Anwar Sadat Shimul,Ian Phau 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2021 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2021 No.11