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( Shimizu ),( Yoshinori ) 한국수학교육학회 2017 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2017 No.2
The Japanese tradition of Lesson Study has created a teaching community in which observation and discussion of teaching are integral parts of professional practice with particular lexical terms of specific significance. The current study aims to address the terms that Japanese teachers use to describe the phenomena of the school mathematics classroom. The study explores the constituent elements and structural characteristics of the Japanese lexicon, as a part of the international Lexicon Project that aims to document and compare the naming systems in nine participating countries. Each participating team contributed a videotaped lesson to be included in a stimulus package viewed by team members in each country to identify the wellestablished pedagogical terms or phrases of used in the communities. We created a lexicon of 76 terms and their extensive descriptions. An electronic survey was conducted for a national validation to examine how familiar the terms were for the mathematics teachers in Japan. Overall, the terms were very familiar to the respondents, although some terms were somewhat less frequently in use. An evolving nature of lexical terms has appeared through the process of analyses. Issues and challenges in studying local Lexicon are discussed.
Shimizu, Hirotaka,Arai, Katsuhiro,Takeuchi, Ichiro,Minowa, Kei,Hosoi, Kenji,Sato, Masamichi,Oka, Itsuhiro,Kaburaki, Yoichiro,Shimizu, Toshiaki The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2021 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.24 No.1
Purpose: The long-term efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) in children with ulcerative colitis (UC) have not been well-evaluated. Here, we reviewed the long-term durability and safety of IFX in our single center pediatric cohort with UC. Methods: This retrospective study included 20 children with UC who were administered IFX. Results: For induction, 5 mg/kg IFX was administered at weeks 0, 2, and 6, followed by every 8 weeks for maintenance. The dose and interval of IFX were adjusted depending on clinical decisions. Corticosteroid (CS)-free remission without dose escalation (DE) occurred in 30% and 25% of patients at weeks 30 and 54, respectively. Patients who achieved CS-free remission without DE at week 30 sustained long-term IFX treatment without colectomy. However, one-third of the patients discontinued IFX treatment because of a primary nonresponse, and one-third experienced secondary loss of response (sLOR). IFX durability was higher in patients administered IFX plus azathioprine for >6 months. Four of five patients with very early onset UC had a primary nonresponse. Infusion reactions (IRs) occurred in 10 patients, resulting in discontinuation of IFX in four of these patients. No severe opportunistic infections occurred, except in one patient who developed acute focal bacterial nephritis. Three patients developed psoriasis-like lesions. Conclusion: IFX is relatively safe and effective for children with UC. Clinical remission at week 30 was associated with long-term durability of colectomy-free IFX treatment. However, approximately two-thirds of the patients were unable to continue IFX therapy because of primary nonresponse, sLOR, IRs, and other side effects.
Study of the Oral Discomfort and Oral Habits in Halitosis Patient
Toshiyuki Shimizu,Mie Tashiro,Michael W. Myers,Kohji Takahashi,Shun-Ichi Honda 대한예방치과학회 2012 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.8 No.1
Objective: Purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between oral discomfort, oral habits and halitosis. Methods: One hundred and forty patients with halitosis (age range, 13 to 65 years; 93 women, 47 men) who had visited Shimizu dental clinic from October 2003 to August 2008 were compared with a control group who did not have complaints about halitosis (n=56). Oral discomfort (such as sensation of dry mouth and discomfort of the tongue), the amount of saliva secretion, and oral habits (such as bruxism) were analyzed statistically between the halitosis and control group. To compare the halitosis patients with the control group, the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used for the analysis of the salivary amount, and a chi-Square test was used for the analysis of oral discomfort and oral habits. Results: Frequency of oral discomfort mouth sensation was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in the halitosis patients (63.5%) than in the control group (10.7%). The occurrence of oral habit was significantly higher (p<0.001) in the halitosis patients (63.6%) than in the control group (37.5%). There was a significant difference (p=0.0009) between the halitosis patients (mean: 1.28 ml) and control group (mean: 1.43 ml) in the amount of unstimulated saliva secretion. For the amount of stimulated saliva secretion, there was no significant difference (p=0.2248) between the halitosis patients (mean: 3.40 ml) and control group (mean: 3.76 ml). Conclusion: These results suggest that the presence of oral discomfort and oral habits, such as bruxism, were associated with halitosis.
Generalized Vehicle Routing Problem for Reverse Logistics Aiming at Low Carbon Transportation
Shimizu, Yoshiaki,Sakaguchi, Tatsuhiko Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2013 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.12 No.2
Deployment of green transportation in reverse logistics is a key issue for low carbon technologies. To cope with such logistic innovation, this paper proposes a hybrid approach to solve practical vehicle routing problem (VRP) of pickup type that is common when considering the reverse logistics. Noticing that transportation cost depends not only on distance traveled but also on weight loaded, we propose a hierarchical procedure that can design an economically efficient reverse logistics network even when the scale of the problem becomes very large. Since environmental concerns are of growing importance in the reverse logistics field, we need to reveal some prospects that can reduce $CO_2$ emissions from the economically optimized VRP in the same framework. In order to cope with manifold circumstances, the above idea has been deployed by extending the Weber model to the generalized Weber model and to the case with an intermediate destination. Numerical experiments are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and to explore the prospects for future green reverse logistics.
Shimizu, Ippei,Minamino, Tohru,Toko, Haruhiro,Okada, Sho,Ikeda, Hiroyuki,Yasuda, Noritaka,Tateno, Kaoru,Moriya, Junji,Yokoyama, Masataka,Nojima, Aika,Koh, Gou Young,Akazawa, Hiroshi,Shiojima, Ichiro,K American Society for Clinical Investigation 2010 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.120 No.5
A Gate Drive Circuit for Low Switching Losses and Snubber Energy Recovery
Shimizu, Toshihisa,Wada, Keiji The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2009 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.9 No.2
In order to increase the power density of power converters, reduction of the switching losses at high-frequency switching conditions is one of the most important issues. This paper presents a new gate drive circuit that enables the reduction of switching losses in both the Power MOSFET and the IGBT. A distinctive feature of this method is that both the turn-on loss and the turn-off loss are decreased simultaneously without using a conventional ZVS circuit, such as the quasi-resonant adjunctive circuit. Experimental results of the switching loss of both the Power MOSFET and the IGBT are shown. In addition, an energy recovery circuit suitable for use in IGBTs that can be realized by modifying the proposed gate drive circuit is also proposed. The effectiveness of both the proposed circuits was confirmed experimentally by the buck-chopper circuit.