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Development of gradient composite shielding material for shielding neutrons and gamma ray
Guang Hu,Guang Shi,Huasi Hu,Quanzhan Yang,Bo Yu,Weiqiang Sun 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.10
In this study, a gradient material for shielding neutrons and gamma rays was developed, which consists of epoxy resin, boron carbide (B4C), lead (Pb) and a little graphene oxide. It aims light weight and compact, which will be applied on the transportable nuclear reactor. The material is made up of sixteen layers, and the thickness and components of each layer were designed by genetic algorithm (GA) combined with Monte Carlo N Particle Transport (MCNP). In the experiment, the viscosities of the epoxy at different temperatures were tested, and the settlement regularity of Pb particles and B4C particles in the epoxy was simulated by matlab software. The material was manufactured at 25 °C, the Pb C and O elements of which were also tested, and the result was compared with the outcome of the simulation. Finally, the material's shielding performance was simulated by MCNP and compared with the uniformity material's. The result shows that the shielding performance of gradient material is more effective than that of the uniformity material, and the difference is most noticeable when the materials are 30 cm thick.
Role of peripheral vestibular receptors in the control of blood pressure following hypotension
Guang-Shi Jin,Xiang-Lan Li,Yuan-Zhe Jin,김민선,박병림 대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.4
Hypotension is one of the potential causes of dizziness. In this review, we summarize the studies published in recent years about the electrophysiological and pharmacological mechanisms of hypotension-induced dizziness and the role of the vestibular system in the control of blood pressure in response to hypotension. It is postulated that ischemic excitation of the peripheral vestibular hair cells as a result of a reduction in blood flow to the inner ear following hypotension leads to excitation of the central vestibular nuclei, which in turn may produce dizziness after hypotension. In addition, excitation of the vestibular nuclei following hypotension elicits the vestibulosympathetic reflex, and the reflex then regulates blood pressure by a dualcontrol (neurogenic and humoral control) mechanism. In fact, recent studies have shown that peripheral vestibular receptors play a role in the control of blood pressure through neural reflex pathways. This review illustrates the dual-control mechanism of peripheral vestibular receptors in the regulation of blood pressure following hypotension.
Shi Guangli,Sun Dan,Wang Zhenxing,Liu Xiaoying,Guo Jianhui,Zhang Susu,Zhao Ying,Ai Jun 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.4
A high-density genetic map is a prerequisite for marker-assisted selection of crop species. Here, we developed a high-density genetic map of Vitis using 92 F1 progeny derived from the cross between two wine grape cultivars, ‘Shuanghong’ and ‘Italian Riesling’. Whole genome resequencing (WGS) technology was used to generate SNP markers for the map. The map consisted of 1351 recombination bin markers (210,873 SNPs), distributed on 19 linkage groups (LGs), with an average distance of 0.65 cM between adjacent bin markers and a map distance of 860.46 cM. The high levels of uniform coverage and collinearity between the 19 LGs and the grape reference genome indicated that the map is of high quality and can serve as a powerful platform for evaluating grapevines and deciphering the genetic mechanism of important economic and agronomic traits. Our findings will facilitate the process of mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) that control important horticultural and economic traits of grape.
c-fos mRNA Expression in the Vestibular System following Hypergravity Stimulation in Rats
Guang Shi Jin,Jae Hyo Lee,Jae Hee Lee,Moon Young Lee,Min Sun Kim,Yuan Zhe Jin,Jeong Hoon Song,Byung Rim Park 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.1
Altered environmental gravity, including both hypo- and hypergravity, may result in space adaptation syndrome. To explore the characteristics of this adaptive plasticity, the expression of immediate early gene c-fos mRNA in the vestibular related tissues following an exposure to hypergravity stimulus was determined in rats. The animals were subjected to a force of 2 g (twice earth s gravity) for 1, 3, or 12 h, and were examined poststimulus at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and real-time quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to analyze temporal changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA. The hypergravity stimulus increased the expression of c-fos mRNA in the vestibular ganglion, medial vestibular nucleus, inferior vestibular nucleus, hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. The peak expression occurred at 0 h poststimulation in animals stimulated with hypergravity for 1 h, and at 6 h poststimulus in those stimulated for 3 h. In contrast, those stimulated for 12 h exhibited dual peaks at 0 and 12 h poststimulus. Bilateral labyrinthectomy markedly attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. Glutamate receptor antagonist also dramatically attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. These results indicate that expression of c-fos mRNA in response to hypergravity occurs in the vestibular related tissues of the central nervous system, in which peripheral vestibular receptors and glutamate receptors play an important role. The temporal pattern of c-fos mRNA expression depended on the duration of the hypergravity stimulus.
c-fos mRNA Expression in the Vestibular System following Hypergravity Stimulation in Rats
Jin Guang-Shi,Lee Jae-Hyo,Lee Jae-Hee,Lee Moon-Young,Kim Min-Sun,Jin Yuan Zhe,Song Jeong-Hoon,Park Byung-Rim The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.1
Altered environmental gravity, including both hypo- and hypergravity, may result in space adaptation syndrome. To explore the characteristics of this adaptive plasticity, the expression of immediate early gene c-fos mRNA in the vestibular related tissues following an exposure to hypergravity stimulus was determined in rats. The animals were subjected to a force of 2 g (twice earth's gravity) for 1, 3, or 12 h, and were examined poststimulus at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and real-time quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to analyze temporal changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA. The hypergravity stimulus increased the expression of c-fos mRNA in the vestibular ganglion, medial vestibular nucleus, inferior vestibular nucleus, hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex. The peak expression occurred at 0 h poststimulation in animals stimulated with hypergravity for 1 h, and at 6 h poststimulus in those stimulated for 3 h. In contrast, those stimulated for 12 h exhibited dual peaks at 0 and 12 h poststimulus. Bilateral labyrinthectomy markedly attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. Glutamate receptor antagonist also dramatically attenuated the degree of c-fos mRNA expression. These results indicate that expression of c-fos mRNA in response to hypergravity occurs in the vestibular related tissues of the central nervous system, in which peripheral vestibular receptors and glutamate receptors play an important role. The temporal pattern of c-fos mRNA expression depended on the duration of the hypergravity stimulus.
Role of peripheral vestibular receptors in the control of blood pressure following hypotension
Jin, Guang-Shi,Li, Xiang-Lan,Jin, Yuan-Zhe,Kim, Min Sun,Park, Byung Rim The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.4
Hypotension is one of the potential causes of dizziness. In this review, we summarize the studies published in recent years about the electrophysiological and pharmacological mechanisms of hypotension-induced dizziness and the role of the vestibular system in the control of blood pressure in response to hypotension. It is postulated that ischemic excitation of the peripheral vestibular hair cells as a result of a reduction in blood flow to the inner ear following hypotension leads to excitation of the central vestibular nuclei, which in turn may produce dizziness after hypotension. In addition, excitation of the vestibular nuclei following hypotension elicits the vestibulosympathetic reflex, and the reflex then regulates blood pressure by a dualcontrol (neurogenic and humoral control) mechanism. In fact, recent studies have shown that peripheral vestibular receptors play a role in the control of blood pressure through neural reflex pathways. This review illustrates the dual-control mechanism of peripheral vestibular receptors in the regulation of blood pressure following hypotension.
Shi, Dan,He, Ming-Yuan,Zhao, Zhi-Peng,Wu, Ning,Zhao, Hong-Fu,Xu, Zhi-Jian,Cheng, Guang-Hui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9
Background: For brachytherapy of cervical cancer, applicator shifts can not be avoided. The present investigation concerned Utrecht interstitial applicator shifts and their effects on organ movement and DVH parameters during 3D CT-based HDR brachytherapy of cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: After the applicator being implanted, CT imaging was achieved for oncologist contouring CTVhr, CTVir, and OAR, including bladder, rectum, sigmoid colon and small intestines. After the treatment, CT imaging was repeated to determine applicator shifts and OARs movements. Two CT images were matched by pelvic structures. In both imaging results, we defined the tandem by the tip and the base as the marker point, and evaluated applicator shift, including X, Y and Z. Based on the repeated CT imaging, oncologist contoured the target volume and OARs again. We combined the treatment plan with the repeated CT imaging and evaluated the change range for the doses of CTVhr D90, D2cc of OARs. Results: The average applicator shift was -0.16 mm to 0.10 mm for X, 1.49 mm to 2.14 mm for Y, and 1.9 mm to 2.3 mm for Z. The change of average physical doses and EQD2 values in Gy${\alpha}/{\beta}$ range for CTVhr D90 decreased by 2.55 % and 3.5 %, bladder D2cc decreased by 5.94 % and 8.77 %, rectum D2cc decreased by 2.94 % and 4 %, sigmoid colon D2cc decreased by 3.38 % and 3.72 %, and small intestines D2cc increased by 3.72 % and 10.94 %. Conclusions: Applicator shifts and DVH parameter changes induced the total dose inaccurately and could not be ignored. The doses of target volume and OARs varied inevitably.