Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps Sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells

Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.

디지털 네트워크와 사이버 언어의 미래

시정곤 고려대학교 한국학연구소 2004 한국학연구 Vol.20 No.-

본고는 디지털 시대에 사이버 언어의 의미와 역할, 그리고 발전 방향에 대해 고찰하자 한다. 특히 사이버 언어의 내적인 탐구보다는 사이버 언어가 존재하게 된 외적인 배경에 초점을 맞추고자 한다. 그런 의미에서 본고는 사이버 언어에 대한 거시적 고찰이라고 할 만하다. 디지털 사회의 등장과 함께 디지털 커뮤니케이션이 탄생했고, 이 가운데 사이버 언어가 대두하게 되었다. 새로운 대중 매체를 놀이문화의 관점으로 이해할 때, 사이버 공간은 최신의 놀이공간이라고 할 수 있으며, 그 가운데 사이버 언어는 놀이문화를 운영할 수 있는 최선의 도구가 되는 것이다. 그런 점에서 사이버 언어는 사이버 공간의 필수적인 요소라 할 만하다. 사이버 언어는 제 3의 언어로 새롭게 규정될 수 있는데, 과거 문어성과 구어성이라는 두 부류의 언어성이 한 데 어우러져 제 3의 새로운 언어 형식을 만들어 냈다고 보았다. 특히 문어적 공간을 구어적 속성으로 바꾸고자 하는 노력이 언어의 일탈현상으로 나타난다고 진단하였으며, 사이버 언어의 미래는 구어적 속성이 증가하는 방향으로 전개될 것이라고 보았다. The goal of this paper is to research the meaning and role of cyber language and to preview the future if it in the digital age. In especially, I focus on the external background in which cyber language is, rather than the internal research on cyber language. In this sense, this paper is on the basis of broad approach. As you know, digital society bears digital communication, and they again affect cyber language. Cyber space is understood as a new play space, in the perspective of play-culture. Cyber language plays key roles on operating the cyber space. In this paper, I propose that cyber language is the third language and it has both properties between spoken language and written language. And I predict that the property of spoken language will be growing in the cyber language.

Captopril과 Nifedipine 병합요법의 강압효과에 관한 임상적 연구

이영수,문언수,김준호,공수정,정시진,주용진,정상만 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1993 건국의과학학술지 Vol.3 No.-

Background: The hypotensive effect of captopril(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) and nifedipine(calcium channel blocker) was studied. Method: Captopril(75mg) and nifedipine(30mg) were administered in 30 hypertensive adults during twelve weeks after a week observation for washout with stepwise increments of the dose according to the patient's blood pressure in every two weeks. Result: The supine blood pressure were decreased from 169.5±22.3/104.0±20.3 mmHg to 130.4±21.3/82.4±19.5mmHg at the end of twelve weeks during therapy.(p<0.05) The standing blood pressure were also decreased conferrably and to the some lower level. Hematologic examination and blood chemistry revealed no discernible abnormal findings before and after the treatment. During the period of the study a few probably drug-related symptom such as cough and headache, gastrointestinal disturbance developed but not troublesome enough to administering. Conclusion: Captopril and nifedipine regimen is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of hypertensive patients.

Design Considerations and Validation of Permanent Magnet Vernier Machine with Consequent Pole Rotor for Low Speed Servo Applications

Shi-Uk Chung,Yon-Do Chun,Byung-Chul Woo,Do-Kwan Hong,Ji-Young Lee 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.5

This paper deals with design consideration and validation of a new pole-slot combination for permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) with consequent pole (CP) rotor especially for extremely low speed servo applications. A 136pole-24slot PMVM with CP rotor is introduced and analyzed by 2D and 3D finite element analysis (FEA) and discussion on experimental validation is also included.

The Effects of Flecainide Acetate on Inflammatory-Immune Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Neutrophils and on Mortality in Septic Rats

Shi Young Chung,Jinyoung Kim,Hong Bum Bae,Tran Duc Tin,Wan Ju,Sang Hyun Kwak 대한중환자의학회 2018 Acute and Critical Care Vol.33 No.1

Background: Flecainide acetate is a drug used primarily for cardiac arrhythmia. Some studies also imply that flecainide acetate has the potential to regulate inflammatory-immune responses; however, its mechanism of action is contended. We determined the effects of flecainide acetate on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human neutrophils in vitro and on mortality in a septic rat model. Methods: Neutrophils from human blood were cultured with varying concentrations of flecainide acetate (1 μM, 10 μM, or 100 μM) with or without LPS (100 ng/ml). To assess neutrophil activation, the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were measured after a 4-hour culture period. To assess the intracellular signaling pathways, the levels of phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were measured after a 30-minute culture period, and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was measured after a 1-hour culture period. Additionally, the survival rate was investigated in a rat sepsis model. Results: Flecainide acetate down-regulated the activation of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6 and IL-8, and intracellular signaling pathways including ERK 1/2 and NF-κB. Flecainide acetate also improved the survival rate in the rat sepsis model. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings indicate that flecainide acetate can improve survival in a rat sepsis model by attenuating LPS-induced neutrophil responses. We therefore suggest that flecainide acetate plays an important role in modulating inflammatoryimmune responses.

무선센서네트워크에서 전파범위기반의 저 전력 클러스터링 알고리즘

Shi-Mei Jin, Chung Sei Rhee 충북대학교 컴퓨터 정보통신 연구소 2010 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.18 No.1

-본문참고-

‘Yesterday’ of Korean Education

Chung Tae-shi The Academy of Korean Studies 1963 Korea Journal Vol.3 No.4

Double-Sided Iron-Core PMLSM Mover Teeth Arrangement Design for Reduction of Detent Force and Speed Ripple

Shi-Uk Chung,Jong-Moo Kim Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2016 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol.63 No.5

<P>This paper analytically and experimentally shows effectiveness and simplicity of mover teeth arrangement design, which dramatically reduces detent force and consequently speed ripple at low speed. For this purpose, this paper describes two design steps that include the conventional magnetic circuit optimization by response surface methodology (RSM) and a slight modification of the optimized model based on the proposed mover teeth arrangement. Two prototypes were fabricated, tested, and compared from various perspectives. It was experimentally confirmed that the proposed design is very effective in reduction of detent force and speed ripple with the least sacrifice of performance.</P>

On Some Properties of Blends in Korean Neologisms

Shi Chung-Kon(시정곤) 한국어학회 2019 한국어학 Vol.85 No.-

본고에서는 한국어 신어에 나타난 혼성어에 대해 논의했다. 본고에서는 혼성어의 유형을 형성위치와 형성방식, 의미관계에 따라 크게 나누어 살펴보았다. 혼성어는 축약어와 합성어의 중간적 성격을 띠고 있으며, 그 단어형성 방식도 줄임방식이나 결합방식이 아닌 섞음방식이라는 독특한 성격을 갖고 있다는 점을 주장했고, 이를 통해 혼성어를 축약과 합성이 아닌 제3의 단어형성으로 새롭게 설정해야 한다는 점을 제시했다. 혼성어의 유형을 형성 방식과 형성 위치, 그리고 의미관계에 따라 여러 가지 유형이 존재함을 밝혔다. 또한 혼성어의 특이 유형에 대해서 다루었는데, 특히 그 생산성과 형태․구조적인 면에서 접사처럼 보이는 ‘X+파라치’ 유형을 중심으로 그 문법적 지위와 형성 과정의 문제를 새롭게 고찰했다. 혼성어의 정의와 관련하여 혼성어의 기본조건과 모성분 조건을 제시했으며, 어두자어와 혼성어의 구분 조건을 네 가지로 제시하기도 했다. 혼성어의 결정 절차를 새로 설정하고 이를 위해 최적조건을 상정했다. This paper explores so-called blends in Korean neologisms. This paper investigates three aspects of types of blends: the position of formation, the way of formation, and semantic relationships. This paper divides blends into four types based on the first aspect, into three types based on the second aspect, and into three types based on the third aspect. In addition, we propose the formation procedure of the word of ‘X+phalachi’ type in section 4. Concerning with the definition and scope of blends, this paper proposes ‘Revised Basic Conditions for Blends’ considering their morphological, semantic properties, and ‘Basic Conditions of the Source Words’ in section 5. Finally we offer a new procedure for determining blends separate from the definition of a blend, and the conditions for selecting an optimal blend candidate.

Correction of Figure. Analysis and Experimental Characterization of Low Speed Direct Drive Fractional Slot Concentrated Winding Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Consequent Pole Rotor

Shi-Uk Chung,Yon-Do Chun,Seok-Hwan Moon 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.5