Degummed crude canola oil, sire breed and gender effects on intramuscular long-chain omega-3 fatty acid properties of raw and cooked lamb meat

( Aaron Ross Flakemore ),( Bunmi Sherifat Malau-aduli ),( Peter David Nichols ),( Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-aduli ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2017 한국축산학회지 Vol.59 No.8

Background: Omega-3 long-chain (≥C₂₀) polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 LC-PUFA) confer important attributes to health-conscious meat consumers due to the significant role they play in brain development, prevention of coronary heart disease, obesity and hypertension. In this study, the ω3 LC-PUFA content of raw and cooked Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle from genetically divergent Australian prime lambs supplemented with dietary degummed crude canola oil (DCCO) was evaluated. Methods: Samples of LTL muscle were sourced from 24 first cross ewe and wether lambs sired by Dorset, White Suffolk and Merino rams joined to Merino dams that were assigned to supplemental regimes of degummed crude canola oil (DCCO): a control diet at 0 mL/kg DM of DCCO (DCCOC); 25 mL/kg DM of DCCO (DCCOM) and 50 mL/kg DCCO (DCCOH). Lambs were individually housed and offered 1 kg/day/head for 42 days before being slaughtered. Samples for cooked analysis were prepared to a core temperature of 70 °C using conductive dry-heat. Results: Within raw meats: DCCOH supplemented lambs had significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentrations of eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5ω3) and EPA + docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6ω3) acids than those supplemented with DCCOM or DCCOC; Dorset sired lambs contained significantly (P < 0.05) more EPA and EPA + DHA than other sire breeds; diet and sire breed interactions were significant (P < 0.05) in affecting EPA and EPA + DHA concentrations. In cooked meat, ω3 LC-PUFA concentrations in DCCOM (32 mg/100 g), DCCOH (38 mg/100 g), Dorset (36 mg/100 g), White Suffolk (32 mg/100 g), ewes (32 mg/100 g) and wethers (33 mg/100 g), all exceeded the minimum content of 30 mg/100 g of edible cooked portion of EPA + DHA for Australian defined `source` level ω3 LC-PUFA classification. Conclusion: These results present that combinations of dietary degummed crude canola oil, sheep genetics and culinary preparation method can be used as effective management tools to deliver nutritionally improved ω3 LC-PUFA lamb to meat consumers.

Sub-acute toxicity study on hydromethanolic leaves extract of Combretum hypopilinum (Combretaceae) Diels in Wistar rats

Ahmad Mubarak Hussaini,Zezi Abdulkadir Umar,Anafi Sherifat Bola,Alshargi Omar Yahya,Mohammed Mustapha,Mustapha Sagir,Bala Auwal Adam,Muhammad Surajuddeen,Julde Sa’adatu Muhammad,Wada Abubakar Sadiq,Ja 한국독성학회 2022 Toxicological Research Vol.38 No.4

The plant Combretum hypopilinum Diels (Combretaceae) has been utilized in Nigeria and other African nations to treat many diseases including liver, inflammatory, gastrointestinal, respiratory, infectious diseases, epilepsy and many more. Pharmacological investigations have shown that the plant possesses anti-infective, antidiarrhoeal, hepatoprotective, antiinflammatory, anticancer, sedative, antioxidant, and antiepileptic potentials. However, information on its toxicity profile is unavailable despite the plant's therapeutic potential. As such, this work aimed to determine the acute and sub-acute oral toxic effects of the hydromethanolic leaves extract of C. hypopilinum. The preliminary phytochemical evaluation was carried out based on standard procedures. The acute toxicity evaluation was conducted by oral administration of the extract at the dose of 5000 mg/kg based on the guideline of the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423. To investigate the sub-acute toxicity effects, the extract was administered orally to the animals daily for 28-consecutive days at the doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Mortality, body weight and relative organ weight were observed. The hepatic, renal, haematological, and lipid profile parameters were investigated. The liver, kidney, heart, lung, small intestine, and stomach were checked for any histopathological alterations. The results of the phytochemical investigation showed cardiac glycosides, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenes. Based on the acute toxicity investigation outcome, no death and signs of toxic effects were observed. The result showed that the oral median lethal dose ( LD50) of the extract was more than the 5000 mg/kg. The extract remarkably reduced the weekly body weight of the animals at 500 mg/kg in the first and second weeks. It also significantly decreased the relative kidney weight, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, potassium, and low-density lipoprotein. There was a remarkable elevation in the percentage of eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and granulocyte. There were histopathological abnormalities on the kidney, lung, stomach, and small intestine. The extract is relatively safe on acute exposure but moderately toxic at higher doses on sub-acute administration, particularly to the kidney.

Open Access : Performance and carcass characteristics of Australian purebred and crossbred lambs supplemented with Rice Bran

( Aaron Ross Flakemore ),( John Roger Otto ),( Benedicte Suybeng ),( Razaq Oladimeji Balogun ),( Bunmi Sherifat Malau-aduli ),( Peter David Nichols ),( Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-aduli ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.36

Background: This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran, sire breed and gender on live animal performance and carcass characteristics in Australian crossbred and purebred Merino lambs. Methods: Forty-eight lambs balanced by sire breed (Dorset, White Suffolk, Merino) and gender (ewe, wether) were randomly allocated into three dietary supplementation groups (Control- 24 lambs fed wheat/barley-based pellets, Low- 12 animals fed a 50/50 ratio of wheat-based/rice bran pellets, and High- 12 lambs fed rice bran pellets). The Rice bran pellets replaced 19 % of the barley component of the feed. Animals were group-fed at the rate of 1000 g of the supplement per head per day with ad libitum access to lucerne hay as the basal diet and water. The duration of the feeding trial was 49 days with an initial 21-day adjustment period. Results: Sire breed differences were evident for initial (p < 0.0002) and final (p < 0.0016) liveweights, hot carcass (p < 0.0030) and cold carcass (p < 0.0031) weights, as well as dressing percentage (p < 0.0078), fat thickness (p < 0.0467), yield grade (p < 0.0470) and rib eye area (p < 0.0022) with purebred Merino under-performing compared to the crossbreds. Concentrate feed conversion efficiency, costs per unit of liveweight gain and over the hooks income were comparable between treatments regardless of the observed trend where the high supplementation group tended to show lower feed intake (745.8 g/day) compared to both the control (939.9 g/day) and low supplementation groups (909.6 g/day). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between treatments for live animal performance, carcass characteristics, gender and their second-order interactions. Conclusions: Results indicate that Rice bran can be utilised as a cost-effective supplementary feed source in genetically divergent sheep over a 49-day feeding period without detrimental effects on overall live animal performance or carcass characteristics.

Performance and carcass characteristics of Australian purebred and crossbred lambs supplemented with Rice Bran

Flakemore, Aaron Ross,Otto, John Roger,Suybeng, Benedicte,Balogun, Razaq Oladimeji,Malau-Aduli, Bunmi Sherifat,Nichols, Peter David,Malau-Aduli, Aduli Enoch Othniel Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.10

Background: This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran, sire breed and gender on live animal performance and carcass characteristics in Australian crossbred and purebred Merino lambs. Methods: Forty-eight lambs balanced by sire breed (Dorset, White Suffolk, Merino) and gender (ewe, wether) were randomly allocated into three dietary supplementation groups (Control- 24 lambs fed wheat/barley-based pellets, Low- 12 animals fed a 50/50 ratio of wheat-based/rice bran pellets, and High- 12 lambs fed rice bran pellets). The Rice bran pellets replaced 19 % of the barley component of the feed. Animals were group-fed at the rate of 1000 g of the supplement per head per day with ad libitum access to lucerne hay as the basal diet and water. The duration of the feeding trial was 49 days with an initial 21-day adjustment period. Results: Sire breed differences were evident for initial (p < 0.0002) and final (p < 0.0016) liveweights, hot carcass (p < 0.0030) and cold carcass (p < 0.0031) weights, as well as dressing percentage (p < 0.0078), fat thickness (p < 0.0467), yield grade (p < 0.0470) and rib eye area (p < 0.0022) with purebred Merino under-performing compared to the crossbreds. Concentrate feed conversion efficiency, costs per unit of liveweight gain and over the hooks income were comparable between treatments regardless of the observed trend where the high supplementation group tended to show lower feed intake (745.8 g/day) compared to both the control (939.9 g/day) and low supplementation groups (909.6 g/day). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between treatments for live animal performance, carcass characteristics, gender and their second-order interactions. Conclusions: Results indicate that Rice bran can be utilised as a cost-effective supplementary feed source in genetically divergent sheep over a 49-day feeding period without detrimental effects on overall live animal performance or carcass characteristics.