白鼠感染 肝吸蟲의 幼蟲 및 成蟲에 대한 국산 praziquantel(Distocide^(�))의 殺蟲效果

林漢鍾,李駿商,朱炅煥,朴升圭,嚴基善,呂煥旭 최신의학사 1985 最新醫學 Vol.28 No.7

인체기생 열두조충류의 형태비교 및 진단적 소견

임신영,강성구,양용상,백승한,류장근 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1998 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.4 No.1

최근 우리 나라는 열두조충과 (Diphyllobothridae)에 속하는 조충류의 인체 감염예가 빈번하게 보고되고 있다. 이는 본 조충류의 감염매체인 어류를 날 것으로 생식할 기회가 많으며, 또한 본 조충류의 제1중간숙주인 물벼룩이 음료수를 통한 인체 감염이 원인일 것으로 추정되고 있다. 조충류의 진단은 충체에 있어 두적과 편절의 형태학적 특징을 감별하여 種의 분류와 진단을 하는 것이 기본적 순서가 될 것이나, 1차적으로 가능한 진단은 환자의 증상 참작과 분변으로부터 충란을 발견 감별하게 된다. 특히 광절열두조충류의 충란에 의한 種鑑別은 환자로부터 편절이나 충체의 확실한 감별을 위한 사전 정보를 가늠하는 뜻에서도 중요성이 있다. 이에 저자들은 환자의 치료와 함께 수집된 Diphyllobothrium latum, D. latum parvum 그리고 Spirometra erinacei의 편절과 충란을 재료로 형태 및 진단적 결과를 분석한 바 그 성적은 다음과 같다. 1. 환자의 분변에서 수집된 충란 50개씩을 각각 선택하여 형태와 크기에 대한 계측을 실시하였다. D. latum의 충란은 난개가 있고 난원형 또는 타원형의 모양으로 관찰되었으며 D. latum parvum은 D. latum에 비하여 더 난원형이면서 작게 관찰되었다. S. erinacei의 충란은 폭이 비대칭적이며 길쭉한 모양으로 관찰되었다. 2. D. latum, D. latum parvum 그리고 S. erinacei의 충란의 크기에서 충란의 평균 길이와 폭은 각각 61.4X41.7㎛, 55.9X41.4㎛ 그리고 66.7X36.4㎛이었다. 3. 각 조충의 편절을 고정한 다음, 첫째 포매하고 microtome으로 절편을 만들어 hematoxylin-eosin 염색을 실시하였고, 둘째 고정과 함께 semicon's aceto-carmine 염색표본을 작성하여 현미경 관찰을 한 결과 D. latum과 D. latum parvum은 생식선이 편절의 중앙선상에 위치하고 개구된 자궁구가 관찰되었다. 그리고 편절의 양측에 난황이 follicle로 관찰되었으며 전형적인 rosette모양을 형성하고 있었다. 그러나 D. latum parvum은 D. latum에 비하여 아주 작은 크기로 관찰되었다. S. erinacei의 편절은 자궁이 나선형으로 5∼7회 이상으로 말려서 관찰되었고 음경낭안에서 저정낭이 이어져 연결되고 있었다. 이로써 본 연구에서는 편절의 형태특징과 함께 충란 크기에 대한 계측과 분석을 하고자 하였으며, 공학현미경에 의한 계측치로 세 종류의 조충 감별에 유의한 참고치를 제기하는 바이다. Recently there have been frequent reports on human infection caused by the Diphyllobothridae in Korea. The adequate opportunities for Koreans to eat raw fish, the primary infection medium of cestodes and the human infection through drinking water by cyclops, the first intermediate host are believed to be main reasons for the infection. The first task of this study was to classify and diagnose the species by differentiating morphological characteristic between scolex and proglottids of cestodes. However, the initially available diagnosis was done with the patient's symptoms and the eggs obtained from his stool. It is important to differentiate the species by the eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum especially in that it can help get advance information for a more reliable analysis in the near future. The morphological and diagnostic results from proglottids and eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum and Spirometra erinacei are as follows; In each kind of cestodes from the patient's stool, the shape and size of 50 eggs were measured. Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum had an operculum and were ovoidal or ellipsoid to elliptical in shape. Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum parvum were more ovoidal in shape and smaller in size than Diphyllobothrium latum. And eggs of Spirometra erinacei were asymmetrical in width and long and slender in shape. The average lengths and widths of Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum and Spirometra erinacei were 61.4X41.7㎛, 55.9X41.4㎛ and 66.7X36.4㎛, respectively. After the segments of each cestode were fixed, embedding and hematoxylin-eosin dyeing on a microtome-made specimen were done. The micrographs of the semicon's aceto-carmine dyed specimen showed that Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium latum parvum had a centrally-located genital gland and an opened uterine pore. The yolks were observed on both sides of proglottids and had a typical rosette pattern. Yet, Diphyllobothrium latum parvum was shown smaller than Diphyllobothrium latum in the micrograph. Proglottids of Spirometra erinacei displayed that the uterus was rolled spirally more than five to seven times, and connected successively to the seminal vesicle in the cirrus sac. Shown above, this study was performed to measure the size of eggs and analyze the morphological characteristics of proglottids and provided the measurements of three types of cestodes obtained by a light microscope.

土木工學敎育科 學生의 現場實習 改善方案

林熙大,鄭海駿,金八圭,朴承範 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.2(A)

Education is the process of acquiring or transferring knowledge from our existing body of tyeory and experience. The educational process must provide the Civil Engineers with ability to comprehend and adapt to the continuing changes in the practice of their profession. During the past several years, many practice-oriented educational programs and researchoriented programs have developed for students, but most of them are related to the improvement of curriculum. This paper deals exclusively with the spot-practice of civil engineering students. As the results of an analysis for the spot-practice, it is realized that the past spot-practice was somewhat isolated from outside environment and found too rigid to meet the changing requirements. The improvement of the spot-practice for civil engineering students is strongly recommended to produce qualified teachers, taking into account the changing social demands.

정신치료 집단 Supervision 경험

임효덕,강석헌,김승업 大韓神經精神醫學會 1990 신경정신의학 Vol.29 No.4

The author reviewed the 32 tape recordings of successive series of psychotherapy group supervision sessions, and studied the reaction of supervisees through a questionnaire. The group supervision sessions were conducted by a psychotherapy supervisor of Kyung-pook National University Hospital from February 1988 to July 1989. Twenty-one psychiatric residents and one co-supervisor participated. Each session ran 90 minutes once every other week. A supervisee's psychotherapy case was reported and it was followed by group discussion, supervisor's interventions and summary remarks. The tape recordings were analyzed in terms of most frequent mistakes and shortcomings of psychotherapy practice. The author distributed a questionnaire to find the reactions of the participants to the supervision sessions. The results could be summarized as follows ; The frequent mistake and the lack of therapeutic ability indicated by the supervisor were therapeutic interchange without clear understanding of the patient's nuclear emotions or central dynamics, the therapist's inability for empathic understanding and the therapist's lack of genuine interest in the patient. In terms of the technical shortcomings of the resident therapists, insufficient clarifications of the important issues, the tendency to neglect the formal history taking, frequent changes of the topic by the therapists because of their own needs and anxiety, premature interpretations and closed question methods. In the answer of the questionnaire composed of 18 items, all 21 participants responded that the supervision experience was helpful in understanding theoretical as well as practical aspects of psychotherapy, but some reported that the experience was perceived as provoking undue anxiety and even hostility. The author concludes that the group psychotherapy supervision model is suitable for the resident training in psychotherapy and the competence of the supervisor is the prerequisite condition for the group supervision.

4년제 간호대학(과) 실습 비 및 실습기자재 표준안 개발을 위한 기초조사연구

신경림,박경숙,안양희,정승교,서연옥 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.2

To describe the states of the laboratory facilities, equipment and expenses for practice in a four-year nursing schools and to analyze mandatory requirements for laboratory facilities and equipment. Method: A descriptive survey research design was used. The participants were 49 of the 4-year nursing schools across the nation. The data were collected by e-mail. The return rate were questionnaires was 63.3%(n=31). Result: In 2001 the total expenses for laboratory practice were 21,865,230won and the average per student was 102,418won. Types of laboratories included single and complex. The mean size for laboratories was 318.7 m^2 and mean size for laboratories for fundamental nursing was 161.1m^2. The range for number of students in a laboratory class was 20-30 for eight universities(30.8%). Among required laboratory equipment, items that were mercury and aneroid sphygmomanometers for children, electronic sphygmomanometers. Bell type fetal stetho-scopes, sheepskin, beds for children, for gynecology, and electronic hilo beds. Among the elective equipment, items that were deficient in 50% of the universities were O^2 tents, and incentive spirometers. The number of items that needs to add to the equipment and 22 for elective equipment. Conclusion: A standardized mandatory list of equipment for laboratory facilities and expenses for practice in 4-year nursing schools needs to be developed.

석탄폐석의 흡착능 및 흡착제로의 활용방안에 관한 기초연구

한동준,임재명,이찬기,이해승 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구에서는 산과 계곡에 폐기물로 방치되어 있는 석탄폐석의 재활용 및 자원화의 측면에서 수처리에이용될수 있는 흡착제의 개발을 위한 기초실험을 수행되었다. 석탄폐석으로는 굴진폐석과 선탄폐석이 이용되었으며, 석탄폐석 자체가 지니고 있는 흡착능 실험과 열처리로 인한 흡착능 개선 여부를 검토하였다. 처리대상물질은 중금속, 색도,그리고 COD들을 선정하였다. 실험조건은 회분식과 컬럼식으로 구분하여 각각 이루어 졌으며 실험결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을수 있었다. This research aims to remove heavy metals. nonbiodegradable COD(NBDCOD), and color using the coal waste. The experimental by heat treatment was performed to advance the adsorption capacity. The results are as follows ; i) The coal waste had the adsorption capacity of heavy metals and th rates were in the range of 20 to 30 percents. ii)The heat treatment was the optimum condition that the reaction time was 6 hours at 500℃. iii) In the column experimen non-treated coal waste remoned the COD and color in the range of 20 to 60 percents. iv)Heat-treated coal waste showed higher removal rate of the color in biological efflunt, and heavy metal and COD removal rates were changed by the filteration rates.

강우시 합류식 하수관거의 월류수 차집용량 산정

최승철,임재명 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2004 석재연 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

본 연구에서는 하수배제 방식 중 합류식하수관거 시스템에서 강우시 심각한 문제를 일으키는 CSOs의 적정차집용량을 산정하기 위하여, 건기와 강우시 하수량 및 수질특성을 파악하였고, 강우시 CSOs의 유출특성과 오염부하량, 유량가중평균농도(EMCs:Event mean concentrations) 도출, 그리고 오염물질 유출특성을 규명하기 위한 초기세척 계수 및 최대상이점을 분석하였다. 조사결과, 강우시 발생하는 월류수의 농도는 건기시에 비해 40배~95배 이상 높게 발생하는 것으로 나타났으며, 최대강우강도가 발생하는 시간에 따라 초기세척현상 및 오염물질의 분산이 달라지는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, CSOs의 차집용량을 산정하기 위해 유출되는 오염물질의 분율을 분석한 결과, 강우초반의 최대 강우강도에 의한 명확한 초기세척 효과가 발생될 경우 적은 차집용량으로 오염물질을 제어할 수 있지만, 강우초반에 낮은 강우강도로 인하여 초기세척이 잘 이루어지지 않을 경우 목표 오염물질의 양을 제어하기 위해서는 많은 유량의 차집 및 처리가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. This research was carried out to investigate runoff characteristics of combined sewer and to evaluate the effective CSOs volume in Hong-Chun gun. The first rainfall Event Mean Concentrations(EMCs) at each site were 702 mg/L, 816 mg/L and 861.5 mg/L. The second rainfall EMCs were 99.9 gm/L, 161.9 mg/L, 103.6 mg/L. When the first rainfall, first flush coefficient b at each site were 0.237, 0.166, 0.151, and maximum difference point at each site were 0/54, 0.54, 0.57, and the flow containing 80% of pollutant mass of CSOs at each site were 0.55, 0.23, 0.48 in first rainfall, respectively. When the second rainfall, first flush coefficient b at each site were 0.671, 0.654, 0.563, and maximum difference point at each site were 0.27, 0.26, 0.36, and the flow containing 80% of pollutant mass of CSOs at each site were 0.795, 0.83, 0.81 in second rainfall. Most of all, characteristics of rainfall like as analysis of first-flush, CSOs volume, pollutnat loadings is investigated to decide intercepted volume for control of CSOs.

건축물의 용도별 오수배출 원단위 산정 : 숙박시설과 음식접객업을 중심으로

최승철,김병욱,임재명 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.5

The purpose of this research was to develop more reliable and accurate unit factors by investigating water use flowrates, sewage flowrates and pollutant loadings in lodgings and restaurants. Additionally, we intended to present reasonable guidelines for sewage flowrate, objective population and pollutant concentration for buildings classified by their use. The results of this study were as follows : 1) Average unit sewage flowrates were 6.0-15.9L/㎡·d, 210.4-349.8L/capita·d for lodgings, and 77.3-682.2L/㎡·d, 78.1-135.5L/capita·d for restaurants. 2) Average concentrations of biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), total nitrogen(T-N), and total phosphorus(T-P) were 140.6-496.4㎎/L, 210.0-55.5㎎/L, and 2.5-5.2㎎/L for lodgings, respectively, and 51.3-152.4㎎/L, 22.9-43.8㎎/L, and 2.0-5.5㎎/L for restaurants, respectively. 3) The results of this study indicate that it sould be desirable to separate the existing evaluation standards according to whether the guest if permitted to cook(i.e., to distinguish Hotels/Inns from Condominiums), and that it would be desirable to separate th existing evaluation standards for restaurants according to their sewage pollutant loading(i.e., high, medium, and low loading). 4) According to the results of this study, the evaluation standards adopted for the treatment facilities of lodgings were (a) sewage flowrate 33.0L/㎡·d, BOD concentration 170㎎/L, and objective population n(Number) - 0.08A(Area) in Hotels/Innes ; (b) sewage flowrated 530L/㎡·d, BOD concentration 220㎎/L and objective population n=P in condominiums ; and (c) sewage flowrate 600L/㎡·d, BOD 640㎎/L, and objective population n=1.0A in restaurants with high pollutant loadings, sewage flowrate 450L/㎡·d, BOD concentration 500㎎/L and objective population n=0.8A in restaurants with medium pollutant loadings, and sewage flowrate 170L/㎡·d, BOD concentration 270L/㎡ and objective population n=0.4A in restaurants with low pollutant loadings.

소규모 도시의 생활폐기물 발생특성 : 동해시를 중심으로 For Donghae City

김승호,원철희,김병욱,임재명 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B

This research was performed to investigate the generation and physico-chemical characteristics of municipal solid wastes. The results were as follows: i) The generation rate and bulk density were 0.157 kg/cap/d and 147.8 g/L in residential zone, respectively. In non-residential zone, the generation and bulk density were 1.71 kg/cap/d and 85.6 g/L, respectively. Consequently, bulk density of non-residential zone was lower than that of residential zone. ii) The wastes consisted of 90% of combustibles and 10% of incombustibles in residential zone. And the wastes from non-residential zone was composed 85% of combustibles and 15% of incombustibles. iii) Water content was estimated at 47∼50% in residential zone and restaurants. In non-residential zone, except restaurants, water content was in the range of 10∼30%. Ash content was nearly 10% in overall zone.

반송이 없는 Anoxic/Oxic 생물막공정을 이용한 돈사폐수처리

한동준,임재명 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

This research aims to develop biofilm process for the organic and nutrient removil of the piggery wastewater. The four stage anoxic-oxic biofilm process was performed without recirculations of internal and sludge. In summery the results are as follows ; 1) The total removal retes of TCOD and SCOD were 94.8 percent and 92.8 percent at the influent volumetric loading rate of 0.4kgCOD/㎥·d respectively. 2)The total nitrogen removal was affected by the temoerature and the loading rate. The removal rates of total nitrogen were 85 percent and 67 percent at the influent volumetric loading rates of 0.08kgN/㎥·d and 0.53kgN/㎥·d respectively 3)Autooxidation by the organic limit was a cause of the phosophorus release in the aerobic bio process. And the phosphorus removal was affected by the nitrite build-up