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박승현,최승필,나병호,황주일,나석주,전해명,김세경 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1
Traumatic asphyxia has often been described as a rare clinical syndrome characterized by cervicofacial cyanosis and edema, multiple petechiae, and subconjunctival hemorrhage after a severe crush injury of the thorax or upper part of the abdomen. The pathogenesis of traumatic asphyxia is that after compression of the chest or upper abdomen, intrathoracic pressure increased suddenly. Blood is forced out of the right atrium through the valveless innominate and jugular veins into the head and neck. This sudden increased thoracic pressure in small venules and capillaries causes rapid dilation and minute hemorrhages producing the petechiae often seen. Treatment is supportive and should be focused on the associated injuries. The prognosis for traumatic asphyxia is very good despite the alarming initial physical appearance. If the patient survives the initial insult, the prognosis is excellent. Neurologic sequale may be permernant. We experienced five case of the traumatic asphyxia, and its clinical and pathophysiologic features are discussed. Increased awareness of this syndrome by emergency physicians will result in better reporting ad understanding of its clinical implications.
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柳承宙(Liu Seung-ju) 백산학회 1970 白山學報 Vol.- No.8
As the government of Ch’ing China moved from present-day Muk-den (奉天) to Peiping in the 22nd year of King In-jo (仁祖) of the Yi dynasty (A.D. 1644), envoys from the Korean court in later Yi dynasty period changed their course of travel to visit Peiping. Thus, the envoys and their retinues came to be called ‘bu-yeon-sa-haeng’ (赴燕使行-mission to Yenching), and the official interpreters that accompanied the envoys were called ‘bu-yeon-yeok-kwan’(赴燕譯官). For want of efficient personnel administration on the part of the government, these interpreters did not enjoy any professional security, nor were given adequate social standing or financial guarantee. So, except for a few who were fortunate enough to be appointed to official positions where a substantial income was assured of, all these interpreters had to rely entirely on the profit gained from their commericial activities undertaken on their journey to and from Peiping for a livelihood. What helped them with such commercial activities was their peculiar positions as interpreters, entrusted with the care and control of the hundreds of men and horses. Besides, due to their professional importance, they were allowed to take with them on these tours a certain number of private servants and beasts of burden. Also, they were able to make use of those other horses that had carried tributes to the Peiping court, when transporting goods traded in Peiping on their way back. These Interpreters, enjoying all these advantages and perquisites, were also approved of doing private business to a certain extent and, for they were entrusted with performance of official trade activities in behalf of many a government agency in Seoul, too, it was easy for them to secure loans from the goverment treasury. Their authorized funds for enterprising business came to amount to two to three thousand yang silver per year and, apart from this, their private or secret trading business came to scores or hundreds of times as much as the former on a trip. Their chief imports were silk products from Ch’ing, and these interpreter-traders exported them to Japan through the Japanese agencies stationed in Pusan. The export prices being two or three times what they had paid in Ch’ing, their profits were enormous. From these interpreter-traders, even such financial magnates as Pyeon Seung-eob (卞承業) emerged, who amassed over half a million yang silver. These wealthy capitalists invested part of their capitals in such industries as gold-mining, etc. There were non-interpreter traders also that illegally took part in the trading business with Ch’ing from the beginning, and they had continued gaining power until they bought public authorization some time from the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 18th century. Thus, as time went on, the interpreter-traders and these merchants became opposed to each other, but the former were engaged mainly in relaying goods from Ch’ing to Japan, while the latter, in principle, in importation of goods for domestic markets. The trade between Ch’ing and Korea, that had been going on this way, however, had to undergo a sudden change of fortune in the 1720s as Japan began trading direct with China. With the markets in Japan blocked up now, the trade with this insular country rapidly declined. Frustrated, the interpreters made appeals to the government that it forbid those private traders, who had control of domestic markets for Ch’ing products, to trade with Ch’ing thenceforward. Forbidden to trade with Ch’ing, however, these private merchants never stopped to act. They went right on with their trade with Ch’ing, now illegally but still on a large scale, in the areas bordering on Ch’ing, and it was not long before that they resumed open trade with Ch’ing, in collusion with some government agencies. Thus, the ‘bu-yeon-yeok-kwan’ were gradually deprived of their control of the trade with China.
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Yoon, Jee-Hyun,Park, Ha-Yeong,Kim, Tae-Ju,Lee, Seung-Ho,Kim, Jung-Hoon,Lee, Guem-San,Kim, Hong-Jun,Ju, Young-Sung The Society of Korean Medicine 2014 대한한의학회지 Vol.35 No.4
Objectives: This study aimed for establishing the discriminative criteria for Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix and Aristolochiae Radix, which can be confused as 'Mokhyang', because of similar appearances and synonyms. Methods: Morphological characteristics of dried herbal medicines were compared by macroscopic observation. To examine microscopic features of 'Mokhyang', paraffin embedding and the staining by using Ju's method were conducted. Physicochemical experiments were performed using HPLC analysis and antioxidant assay. Results: The types of stem, phyllotaxy and leaf shape were chosen as macroscopic criteria and the size, oil spots, color and root top as well as phloem and central cylinder were compared using microscopic features. The HPLC results showed different amounts of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone among Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix and Vladimiriae Radix. However, Aristolochiae Radix only contained aristolochic acid. The antioxidant assays also showed that Vladimiriae Radix exhibited strongest antioxidant activity followed by Aucklandiae Radix, Inulae Radix and Aristolochiae Radix. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that macroscopic, microscopic and physicochemical methods would be useful tools for the discrimination of 4 kinds of 'Mokhyang'.
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朱賢暾,梁承浩 진주여자전문대학 1996 論文集 Vol.19 No.-
Recently it has become particularly to be concerned with low noise emergency generator because generator sets caused noise affecting seriously people in buildings. In this study, I investigated the working of the low noise emergency generator at fire eruption, relation with fire equipment, and changing time from electric power to emergency power. I simultaneously estimated the changing time from electric power to emergency power at emergency.
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주종문,황승국 한국품질경영학회 2004 품질경영학회지 Vol.32 No.1
The Internet has produced a great variety of VOC data. However, they are hardly helpful for CRM because they are not integrated with VOC data of the related businesses yet. This paper has set up a system for the said VOC data to actually become helpful for CRM. The system has two aspects. From the aspect of products, the customers' needs for products will be analyzed to produce what they actually want. From the aspect of customers, on the other hand, decent relationships with them shall be maintained constantly by thoroughly analyzing all the related data. The analyses on both of these aspects have the advantage of maximizing customer satisfaction by active CRM that makes us recognize what customers prefer, or complain of in advance and then provide them with tailor-made service.
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연마방법에 따른 탄성의치의 표면거칠기와 Candida albicans의 부착율 변화
오주원,서재민,안승근,박주미,강철균,송광엽 대한치과보철학회 2012 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.50 No.2
연구 목적: 본 연구는 탄성의치 제작 시 주로 사용되는 polyamide를 수종의 연마방법을 사용하여 처리 후 Candida albicans의 부착정도와 표면거칠기를 비교하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 25×15×2 mm 크기의 polyamide 시편을 4군으로 나누어 연마재를 사용하여 기공용 lathe 연마하는 방법(기공실내 연마방법)과 각기 다른 2종의 실리콘 포인트로 진료실내 연마하는 방법, 그리고 실리콘포인트 연마 후 pumice로 연마하는 방법으로 처리하였다. C. albicans의 부착성을 평가하기 위해 5×106 CFU/ml의 C. albicans 현탁액에 시편을 2시간 동안 침적하였고 5회 수세처리 후 한천배지에서 배양하였다. 그리고 주사전자 현미경(JSM-5900, JEOL LTd., Tokyo, Japan) 촬영을 시행하였다. Profilometer (Surf-pak; Kawasaki, Japan)를 이용하여 표면거칠기를 측정하였고 통계처리를 위하여 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 일원변량분석으로 비교 분석하였고 사후검증은 C. albicans의 부착성 검증을 위해 Scheffe test를 시행하였으며 표면조도검증을 위해 Tamhane’s T2 test를 시행하였다(α=.01). 결과: 최대 거칠기 값을 보인 군은 2단계의 연마용 버를 사용한 것으로 0.32 ㎛±0.10 값을 나타냈으며, 가장 낮은 거칠기 값을 보인 것은 tungsten carbide를 사용하지 않고 기공용 lathe로만 연마를 한 군으로 0.02 ㎛±0.00의 거칠기 값을 나타냈다. C. albicans 부착 실험에서는 기공용 lathe만을 이용한 연마방법이 가장 적은 부착수를 보였으며 다른 세 군과 유의한 차이가 발견되었다(P<.01). 결론: 표면거칠기 및 미생물 부착능 실험 결과 기공실 연마만을 시행한 경우 유의하게 낮은 거칠기 값과 부착율을 보였다. Pumice로 추가 연마한 군은 진료실연마를 시행한 군에 비해 낮은 거칠기 값을 보였으나 C. albicans 부착에 있어서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>.01). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 3 chairside polishing methods and laboratory polishing methods on surface roughness and C. albicans adhesion of polyamide denture base. Materials and methods: Using contact profilometer, the surface of polyamide specimens (25×15×2 mm) was studied after conventional polishing without finishing and after chiarside polishing with 2 chiarside polishing kits and chairside-pumice polishing following finishing with tungsten carbide bur. To evaluate the adhesion of C. albicans, C. albicans suspension was overlayed on the test specimen. And the specimens were incubated for 2 hours. Imprint culture method was achieved and counted the colony on the agar plate. Polished polyamide were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The statistics were conducted using one-way ANOVA and in case of difference, Scheffe test and Tamhane’s T2 test were used. Results: Surface roughness (Ra) of surfaces polished with 2 chairside polishing kits had higher than conventional polishing and pumice polishing. The highest roughness value was 0.32 ± 0.10 ㎛, and the lowest was 0.02 ± 0.00 ㎛. The adhesion of C. albicans on the specimens polished with chairside polishing group and pumice polishing group were increased than conventional polishing group (P<.01). Conclusion: Conventional laboratory polishing was found to produce the smoothest surface and the lowest adhesion of C. albicans. Two groups polished with Chairside polishing kits were similar with respect to surface roughness. Surface of the specimen polished with pumice is significantly smoother than 2 chairside polishing groups, but the result of C. albicans adhesion is that group polished with pumice was similar with 2 chairside polishing groups (P>.01).
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