Ribosomal DNA의 ITS영역 염기서열 분석에 의한 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.의 계통분류학적 유연관계

高昇柱,洪承範,姜熙玩,劉勝憲,柳震彰 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1998 생물공학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.와 비병원성 A. alternata의 계통분류학적 유연관계를 규명하기 위하여 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria 6균, 비병원성인 A. alternata 그리고 비교균으로서 소형포자를 형성하는 A. brassicicola, 대형포자를 형성하는 A. solani의 ribosmal DNA의 5.8S를 포함한 ITS영역의 염기 서열을 분석하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Alternaria spp.의 rDNA ITS영역의 염기서열 크기는 548∼562bp였으며 5.8S rDNA에서는 비교종간에 서로 일치하였고 ITS I에서는 종간 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 2. 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.의 rDNA의 ITS영역의 염기서열은 비병원성인 A. alternata의 염기서열과는 서로 일치하였으나 A. brassicicola와는 3%, A. solani와는 7%의 염기서열 차를 보였다. 3. 기주특이적 독소 생성 Alternaria spp.는 비병원성 A. alternata와 진화적으로 매우 가까운 유연관계를 나타내었다. The regions of internal transcribed spacer(ITS) including 5.8S ribosomal DNA(rDXA) from six host-specific toxin(HST) producing Alternaria spp. nonpathogenic A. alternata. A. solani and A. brassicicola were sequenced to assess their relationship in taxonomy. There was no difference in the sequences of ITS including 5.8S rDNA among the HST-producing Alternaria spp. and nonpathogenic A. alternata. However, the sequences of HST-producing Alternaria spp. were different from those of A. solani and A. brassicicola by about 7% and 3%, respectively. These results suggest that HST-producing Alternaria spp. are evolutionarily very close to non pathogenic A. alternata although they have host-specific pathogenecity.

흰쥐 치아 재식 후 치수 치유 양상의 조직학적 관찰

고은진,정한성,김의성,정일영,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 흰 쥐 (rat) 를 이용하여 미성숙 단계의 치아를 발치 후 즉시 재식 하였을 때 나타나는 치수의 치유 양상을 조직학적으로 관찰하고자 하는 것이다. 생후 4주된 암컷 Sprague-Dawley 계 흰쥐의 상악 우측 제1대 구치를 발거 후 원래의 치조골와 내로 위치시켰다. 재식 후 3일째부터 국소적으로 치수 내 염증 소견이 관찰되었으나, 치근 부위에서는 이미 치수의 재혈관화 및 치유가 진행되고 있는 소견이 관찰되었다. 재식 후 5일째 부터는 odontoblast-like cell이 관찰되기 시작하였다. 삼차 상아질의 형성은 재식 후 1주째 부터 관찰되기 시작하였으며, 2주째부터는 확실히 관찰할 수 있었다. Odontoblast-like cell 및 삼차상아질 형성은 4주째 까지도 계속 관찰되었다. 재식 후 4주째에는 bone-like tissue 및 cementum-like tissue이 형성되었음을 관찰하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 흰 쥐 치아 재식시 석회화 과정은 초기에는 삼차상아질 침착에 의해서 진행되나, 시간이 경과하면서 점차 bone-like tissue 또는 cementum-like tissue가 차지하는 비율이 증가하는 것을 관찰하였다. The objective of this study was to observe the histology of dental pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats. The maxillary right first molars of 4-week-old rat were extracted. and then the teeth were repositioned in the original socket. At 3 days after replantation. there was localized inflammatory reaction. But, pulp revasculization and healing had already begun in the root area. At 5 days after replantation. odonto blast-like cells were observed. Tertiary dentin deposition was observed beneath the pulp-dentin border from 1 week after replantation. And tertiary dentin was increased at 2 weeks after replantation. The presence of odontoblast-like cells and the formation of tertiary dentin were continued to 4 weeks after replantation. At 4 weeks after replantation. the deposition of bone-like tissues and cementum-like tissues was observed. This results show that there is a possibility of pulp healing after tooth replantation in rats and the mineralization of tooth can progress. The mineralization of tooth after replantation was initially occurred by the deposition of tertiary dentin. but as time passed. the deposition of bone-like tissues and cementum-like tissues was begun and increased.

pH변화가 근방추의 흥분성에 미치는 영향

박동빈,홍승길 고려대학교 의과대학 1984 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.21 No.1

The present experiment was done to determine the influence of pH changes on muscle spindle excitability by in jection of acidic and alkalic substances of different pH through the intra-arterial canulation to gastrocnemius-soleus muscle of the cat and examined the changes of the excitability of muscle spindle from group Ia muscular afferents. The changes of the impulse discharges were recorded from peripheral sensory nerve fibers of sciatic nerve and the results are as follows: 1) Among 46 group Ia muscular afferents, 8 showed enhancement, 17 showed decrement and 21 showed initial enhancement followed by decrement of the impulse discharges by lactate(pH 3.2). 2) Among 35 group Ia muscular afferents, 4 showed enhancement, 9 showed decrement and 13 showed initial enhancement followed by decrement of the impulse discharges by acetic acid(pH 3.2). 3) Among 15 group Ia muscular afferents, 2 showed enhancement, 5 showed decrement and 8 showed initial enhancement followed by decrement of the impulse discharges by acetate(pH 6.6). 4) Almost all the group Ia muscular afferents, there were no changes of the impuslse discharge to Tyrode solution(pH 7.4), however, a few of them showed slight decrement of the impulse discharges. 5) Among 21 group Ia muscular afferents, 2 showed enhancement, 7 showed decrement, and 12 showed initial enhancement followed by decrement of the impulse discharges by ammonia buffer solution(pH 8.1). 6) Among 27 group Ia muscular afferents, 5 showed enhancement and 22 showed initial enhancement followed by decrement of the impulse discharges by NaHCO₃ solution(pH 8.1).

진해제 지놀타(Zipeprol 2HCl) 남용으로 유발된 기질성 정신장애 1례

김홍곤,박민철,노승호,김은숙 圓光大學校 醫科大學 神經精神科學敎室 1993 圓光精神醫學 Vol.9 No.2

We experienced a case of organic mental disorder following Zinolta(Zipeprol 2HCI) abuse for about a year. he showed neuropsychiatric symptoms such as vivid auditory and visual hallucinations, idea of reference, aggressive behaviors, and drowsy mental states. During the hospitalization, he was treated with benzodiazepines without any other specific treatment. He was improved and discharged with clear sensorium without any psychotic symptoms. Zipeprol Hydrochloride is a centrally acting cough suppressant. There have been reports of abuse and overdosage producing neurological symptoms. Although lacking in the comprehensive study explaining the pttersn of abuse, pharmacological effects and incidence of psychotic symptoms, this case suggests the need for evaluation of the potentially dangerous orgainc psychotic symptoms among the populations who are exposed.

高性能 流動化劑를 添加한 시멘트 페이스트의 레오로지 特性에 대한 實驗的 硏究

朴承範,高潤錫 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Recently flowing concrete admixture called superplasticizers have come into common use for the purpose of improving the workability of fresh concrete thus making flowing concrete, and it also used to allow a very high significant water reduction resulting in high-strength concrete, even at low levels of admixture addition. In order to consider the workability of concrete, it is necessary to evaluate the characteristics of fresh concrete. However it is still true that a full understanding of the behaviour of fresh concrete will be attainable only when it can be based on a full understanding of the behaviour of cement paste. In principle the rheological properties of any system should be predictable from a detailed knowledge of its constituents and their interrelationships, but that cannot yet done much more in domestic for ever relatively simple system.

하계 제주해협 주변 멸치 난,자치어의 분포와 해양환경과의 관계 : 2. 해양환경 요인과의 관계 2. Relationship with Environmental Factors

이승종,고유봉 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

2001년 7월 16일부터 21일까지 제주해협을 포함한 남해안 서부 일대에서 멸치 난·자치어의 분포 상황에 따른 각종 해양환경요인과의 관계를 조사하였다. 15.0㎜ TL을 기준으로 멸치 자치어를 크게 두 그룹으로 구분하여 시간대별 출현 양상을 조사한 결과 15.0㎜ TL 이상의 개체가 15.0㎜ TL 미만보다 더 뚜렷한 주야 일주수직이동을 나타내고 있었다. 멸치 난들은 15℃ 이하에서는 거의 출현하지 않았고 15.1∼21.8℃ 수온범위내에서 높은 출현밀도 (1,000 No/1,000m³이상)를 보이고 있었다. 염분인 경우는 31.4∼33.6 범위에서 비교적 고밀도로 어란들이 출현하고 있었다. 멸치 자치어들의 분포에 대한 수온, 염분관계를 살펴본 결과 15.0㎜ TL 이상의 개체들이 15.0㎜ TL 미만 보다 상대적으로 20℃ 이상의 고수온, 32 이하의 저염분 해역에서 높은 밀도로 출현하는 경향을 보이고 있었다. 멸치 난의 분포밀도와 각각의 환경요인들과의 상관분석을 실시한 결과 대부분의 수층에서 여러 환경요인들과 유의한 상관관계를 나타내고 있었다. 멸치 자치어의 경우, 15.0㎜ TL 미만의 멸치들은 여러 환경요인들과 뚜렷한 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 반면에 15.0㎜ TL 이상의 멸치들은 특히 10m 수층에서 대부분의 환경요인들과 유의한 상관관계가 인지되고 있었다. The relationships between the distribution of the eggs and larvae of anchovy, Engraudis japonica and environmental factors in the western part of the South Sea of Korea, including Jeju Strait, were investigated from 16 to 21 July 2001. Anchovy larvae larger than 15.0 ㎜ total length showed that doing little more clearly vertical migration compared to larvae smaller than 15.0 ㎜. High densities (≥10³3 No./10³㎥) of eggs occurred in temperatures of 15.1∼21.8℃ and salinities of 31.4-33.6%. High densities of larvae occurred in areas of high temperature (> 20℃) and low salinity (< 32‰) compared to larvae smaller than 15.0 ㎜. The abundance of anchovy eggs showed significant correlation with environmental factors (temperature, salinity, copepods, sagitta and chlorophyll α ) in almost all sampling depths. The correlations between the abundance of anchovy larvae smaller than 15.0 ㎜ and environmental factors did not show significance in almost all sampling depths. However, the abundance of larvae larger than 15.0 mm revealed a significant relationship with environmental factors, especially at 10 m depth.

석창포(石菖蒲) 전탕액(煎湯液)이 Glucose Oxidase에 의해 손상(損傷)된 대뇌피질(大腦皮質) 신경세포(神經細胞)에 미치는 영향(影響)

최공한,박승택,류도곤,최민호,허진영,강성도,고정수,양상철,성은경,조남수,이춘우,서의석,류영수,Choi, Kong-Han,Park, Seung-Taeck,Ryu, Do-Gon,Choi, Min-Ho,Hea, Jin-Young,Kang, Sung-Do,Go, Jeong-Soo,Yang, Sang-cheal,Sung, Yeun-Kyung,Cho, Nam-Su,L 대한동의생리학회 1999 동의생리학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to examine the toxic effects caused by Glucose Oxidase(GO) and the effects of herbal extracts such as Acori Rhizoma(AR) on the treatment of the toxic effects. For this purpose, experiments with the cultured cell from the cerebrums of new born mice were done. The results of these experiments were as follows. 1. GO, a oxygen radical, decreased the survival rate of the cultured cells on NR assay and MTT assay. 2. GO, a oxygen radical, decreased the amount of neurofilaments and total protein. 3. AR have efficacy of increasing the amount of neurofilament. 4. AR have efficacy of increasing the amount of total protein. From the above results, It is concluded that AR has marked efficacy as a treatment for the damages caused in the GO-mediated oxidative process. And AR is thought to have certain pharmacological effects on controlling over aging. Further clinical study of this pharmacological effects of AR should be complemented.

칠복음(七福飮)이 Glucose Oxidase에 의해 손상(損傷)된 대뇌피질(大腦皮質) 신경세포(神經細胞)에 미치는 영향(影響)

최공한,박승택,류도곤,최민호,엄상섭,허진영,강성도,고정수,서의석,성은경,조남수,이춘우,황일택,선성규,류영수,Choi, Kong-Han,Park, Seung-Taeck,Ryu, Do-Gon,Choi, Min-Ho,Um, Sang-Sub,Hea, Jin-Young,Kang, Sung-Do,Go, Jeong-Soo,Sou, Eui-Suk,Sung, Yeun-Ky 대한동의생리학회 1999 동의생리학회지 Vol.14 No.2

As the average life span have been lengthened and the rate of senile population have been raised, chronic degenerative diseases incident to aging has been increased rapidly and become a social problem. With this social background, recently, the facts that oxygen radicals(OR) have toxic effects on Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System and cause neuropathy such as Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer Disease have been turned out, and accordingly lots of studies on the mechanism of the toxic effects of OR on nerves, the diseases caused by OR and the approaches to curing the diseases have been made. The purpose of this study is to examine the toxic effects caused by Glucose Oxidase(GO) and the effects of herbal extracts such as Chilbokyeum(CBY) on the treatment of the toxic effects. For this purpose, experiments with the cultured cell from the cerebrums of new born mice were done. The results of these experiments were as follows. 1. GO, a oxygen radical, decreased the survival rate of the cultured cells on NR assay and MTT assay 2. GO, a oxygen radical, increased lipid peroxidation and the amount of LDH. 3. CBY have efficacy of decreasing lipid peroxidation. 4. CBY have efficacy of decreasing the amount of LOH. From the above results, It is concluded that Chilbokyeum has marked efficacy as a treatment for the damages caused in the GO-mediated oxidative process. And Chilbokyeum is thought to have certain pharmacological effects on controlling over aging and treating Dementia. Further clinical study of this pharmacological effects of Chilbokyeum should be complemented.

갱년기 여성의 호르몬 대치 요법에 대한 수용율

이임순,장진영,이정재,이순곤,이권해,이해혁,김승형 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

Purpose: We have evaluated the compliance of hormone replacement therapy. Method: There are 185 climacteric women who are divided into three groups (Group I, Group II, Group III). Group I is given conjugated equine estrogen(CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA, 5mg, day 1-12). Group II is given conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 2.5mg, day 1-30), Group III is given only conjugated equine estrogen(CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30). Results: 1) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during three months is 77.9% including each Group I : 77.7%, Group Ⅱ : 76.1%, Group Ⅲ :80.4%. 2) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during six months is 60.7% including each Group Ⅰ:52.9%, Group Ⅱ: 56.4%, Group Ⅲ: 79.5%. 3) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during nine months is 49.7% including each Group Ⅰ: 45.5%, Group Ⅱ:41.7%, Group Ⅲ: 64.3%. 4) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during a year is 44.4% including each Group Ⅰ: 40.2%, Group Ⅱ:35.3%, Group Ⅲ: 59.5%. Conclusion : It is vital that we maximize compliance if patients are to receive the full benefits from hormone replacement therapy. We think that physicians who prescribe hormone replacement therapy for climacteric women should enough explain the purpose, risks, and side effect of treatment for maximizing compliance of hormone replacement therapy.

3D 광학 스캐너를 이용한 인체모형 팬텀 표면 데이터 획득 및 X-ray 에너지의 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션(MCs)을 이용한 팬텀 선량 평가와 영상구현

신준봉(Jun-Bong Shin),이도희(Do-Heui Lee),윤경준(Kyoung-Jun Yoon),박민재(Min-Jae Park),고영문(Young-Moon Go),김성우(Sung-Woo Kim),홍승모(Seung-Mo Hong),이현철(Hyun-Cheol Lee),이의섭(Ui-Seob Lee),노선영(Seon-Yeong No),강석윤(Seok-Yoon 대한영상의학기술학회 2021 대한영상의학기술학회 논문지 Vol.2021 No.-

목 적:본 연구의 목적은 기존 컴퓨터단층촬영(Computed tomography, 이하 CT) 스캔 방법 대신 3D 광학 스캐너 (3D optical scanner)를 이용하여 인체모형 팬텀의 표면 데이터를 획득하고 기존 CT 스캔 표면 데이터와 3D 광학 스캔 표면 데이터 차이를 비교 분석하는 것이며, 3D 광학 스캔 표면 데이터를 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션(Monte Carlo Simulation, MCs)에 적용하여 일반 촬영 에너지조건으로 팬텀 선량 평가와 영상 구현을 연구하는 것입니다. 연구방법: 일반촬영의 선량 평가를 위해 환자 표면 데이터를 얻을 때 3D 광학 스캐너를 활용할 것을 제안합니다. 우리는 3D 광학 스캐너(Go!SCAN SPARKTM, CREAFORM) 사용하여 기존 CT 스캔 방법을 대신해 인체모형 팬텀의 표면 데이터를 얻었습니다. 3D 스캔 표면 데이터를 정렬하고 편집하기 위해 Meshlab 프로그램을 이용하였으며, 3D slicer 프로그램을 이용하여 CT 스캔 표면 데이터와 3D 스캔 표면 데이터 차이를 정량적으로 비교분석 하였습니다. 또한 3D 스캔 표면 데이터 분석 프로그램(VXelements, CREAFORM)을 사용하여 인체 모형 팬텀의 재현성을 평가 하였습니다. SpekCalc 프로그램을 이용하여 X-ray beam 에너지 스펙트럼을 계산하고 Geant4 기반의 MCs인 TOPAS를 이용하여 X-ray Beam을 모델링 하였습니다. 인체모형 팬텀을 MCs에 적용 하여 일반촬영 에너지 조건으로 팬텀 선량을 평가하고 Phase space data 통해 영상을 구현을 연구 하였습니다. 결 과:3D slicer를 이용한 CT 스캔 표면 데이터와 3D 광학 스캔 표면 데이터의 정량적 비교 분석에서 Hounsdroff distance는 Average 2.45 mm, Dice coefficient는 0.97로 나타나 CT 스캔 표면 데이터와 3D 스캔 표면 데이터가 거의 일치하는 것을 확인할 수 있었습니다. 또한 인체모형 팬텀 재현성 평가에서 인체모형 팬텀의 AP position, RAO position, LAO position 기준으로 팔이 있는 팬텀의 error distribution은 2 mm 오차 범위에서 평균 89.78%가, 4 mm 오차 범위에서 96.05%가 일치하는 것으로 나타났으며, 팔을 제외한 경우 error distribution은 2 mm 오차 범위에서 평균 96.48%가, 4 mm 오차 범위에서 99.45%가 일치하는 것으로 나타나 3D 광학 스캐너의 표면 데이터 재현성이 우수한 것으로 나타났습니다. 인체모형 팬텀을 이용한 3D 스캔 표면 데이터를 MCs에 적용하여 전신일반촬영 에너지 조건으로 팬텀선량 평가가 가능하며, Phase space data 통해 영상을 구현할 수 있다는 것을 확인 하였습니다. 결 론:본 연구에서 3D 광학 스캐너를 사용한 인체모형 팬텀 데이터 획득은 기존 CT scan 방식보다 간편하고 방사선 노출 없이 다양한 위치와 균일한 표면 구조의 정보를 정밀하게 얻을 수 있으며 MCs을 이용한 선량계산이 가능하며, Phase space data 통해 영상을 구현이 가능함에 따라 앞으로 일반촬영 분야의 활용과 선량평가에 매우 유용할 것으로 생각 됩니다. Purpose:The purpose of this work is to acquire surface data of anthropromophic phantom using 3D optical scanner instead of conventional computed tomography (CT) scanning methods and to compare the differences between existing CT scan surface data and 3D optical scan surface data. also it is to apply 3D optical scan surface data to Monte Carlo simulations (MCs) to study whether phantom dose evaluation and image implementation are possible under general shooting energy conditions. Targets and Methods:We suggest utilizing a 3D optical scanner when obtaining patient surface data for dose evaluation of normal photography. We obtained surface data of anthropromophic phantom instead of conventional CT scanning methods using 3D optical scanners (Go!SCAN SPARKTM, CREAFORM). The Meshlab program was used to sort and edit 3D scan surface data, and the CT scan surface data and 3D scan surface data differences were quantitatively compared using the 3D slicer program. The reproducibility of the dummy phantom was also evaluated using the 3D Scan Surface Data Analysis Program (VXelements, CREAFORM). Using the SpekCalc program, the X-ray beam energy spectrum was calculated and the X-ray beam was modeled using TOPAS, a Geant4-based MCs. We applied the anthropromophic phantom to MCs evaluate the phantom dose in X-ray energy conditions and study whether the image can be implemented through phase space data. Result:Quantitative comparative analysis of CT scan surface data and 3D optical scan surface data using 3D slicer showed that Hounsdroff distance was Average 2.45 mm and Dice coefficient was 0.97, indicating a close match between CT scan surface data and 3D scan surface data. In addition, the anthropromophic phantom reproducibility assessment shows that the error distribution of the phantom with arms by AP position, RAO position, and LAO position of the anthropromophic phantom averaged 89.78% in the 2 mm error range and 96.05% in the 4 mm error range. MCs using anthropromophic phantom confirmed that 3D scan surface data can be applied to Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate phantom dose under X-ray energy conditions through phase space data. Conclusion:In this study, anthropromophic phan tom data acquisition using 3D optical scanners is simpler than conventional CT scan methods, provides precise information of various locations and uniform surface structures without radiation exposure, enables dosing using MCs, and enables image implementation through phase space data.