이동 소하천의 수온,pH,부유물질량,용존산소,생화학적 산소요구량의 특성

이간석,연규방,박진기,나상일,박종화 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 農業科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

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농업유역 소하천의 T-P,T-N 모니터링

이강석,연규방,박진기,나상일,박종화 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 農業科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

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Cement 粉碎에 있어서 Ethylamine類 粉碎助劑가 미치는 影響

金昺圭,梁斗錫,金石柱 成均館大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

所要 粉碎動力費를 節減하기 위하여 有機溶媒를 粉碎助劑로 擇하고 液相接觸으로 그 粉碎效果를 向上시키는 硏究는 여러 학자들에 의해 進行되어 왔다. 筆者는 이에 立脚하여 우리나라에서 動力費節減이 要求되는 Cement 製造를 대상으로 하여 Ethylamine 類를 粉碎助劑로 택하고 더욱 接觸確率을 증가시키기 위하여 氣相으로 接觸시켜 Cement 粉碎效果를 硏究하였다. 또한 그 原因으로 추정되는 吸着現象을 아울러 測定하여 粉碎效果와의 관계를 檢討하였더니 粉碎가 시작된 후 0∼6 時間內에서는 각종 첨가물이 거의 없는 상태, 즉 Clinker 單一系의 粉碎現象과 비슷한 粉碎傾向을 보여 주었고, 6∼8時間 사이에서 급격한 吸着能의 증가현상을 보여주었다. 이 때부터 粉碎率이 첨가물질에 의한 特有의 증가현상을 보여주고 이Td서 吸着能이 粉碎率과 깊은 관계가 있음을 알았고, 吸着能이 큰 물질일수록 粉碎效果가 더욱 좋은 結果를 보여주어서 粉碎效果는 吸着能과 吸着量에 比例됨을 認知하였다. 더욱 構造物材料로서의 本質인 物性을 測定하여 이에 따르는 使用許容範圍를 提示하였으며 結果的으로 1. 이들 粉碎助劑의 添加量이 증가하면 粉碎效果도 증가한다. 2. 粉碎效果는 Ethylamine 類가 Ethanol보다 떨어졌고, 沸點이 높은 tri-Ethylamine이 di-Ethylamine 보다 좋았으며, Ethanol>tri-Ethylamine>di-Ethylamine順으로 됨을 알았다. 3. Ethyamine 類의 Cement 粒子에 對한 吸着現象은 Ereundilich 吸着等溫式과 恰似했으며, 어느 범위내에서는 粉碎助劑의 吸着量이 증가함에 따라 粉碎效果가 좋아진다. 4. 粉碎效果가 좋을수록 Cement의 物性을 다소 감소시키고 있으나 構造物의 原資材로 사용하는 경우 그 使用分野에 따라 큰 지장이 없이 사용할 수 있는 것으로 看做된다. Most expenses of production in cement industry are electric power, therefore, many scientists had researched through various ways for saving power cost. Especially, they are an urgent problem, for Korea electric power costs so expensively. As one of the means of saving power, by crushing aid of organics (i.e. primary, secondary alcohol series, fat, or resins), it was attempted to prevent the growth of secondary particles on liquid contacting system. But it was not sufficient on heterogeneous dispersion system. In this experiment, the increasing of crushing effect was investigated in gaseous contacting system and 100℃ of not influencing upon cement products. Then, organic crushing aid were used di-Ethylamine (bp 55.4℃) and tri-Ethylamine (bp 89.7℃) in range of 0.1-0.5wt. % concentration. Thus, saving power and properties of structures depend on factory data. On the standard of compared data, a continuous method in dry crushing was adopted to a practical operation condition. Therefore, it must be analysed by batch method in a possible application because it is better than continuous method. The computation on power should be done by crushing ratio, directly, and it become clear tendency of specific surface mean diameter of particles to be decreased according to hour limit. Also, the increment of crushing effect had been referred to the adsorption phenomena on cement particles by the vapor of organic substance with crushing aid in the experiment of crushing. Then, the adsorption phenomena has researched by Gas-chromatograpy method, because of it's convenience and accuracy. Organic substance had been used as the adsorbate (i.e. di-Ethylamine and tri-Ethylamine). Through the experimental investigation, the following results were obtained: 1. Power saving of the cement crushing system added organic substance is 2.6% better than that of a simple system of clinker crushing. 2. In crushing, the order of effectiveness are Ethanol tri-Ethylamine and di-Ethylamine. i) Ethanol is 20.8%(in range of 0.4-0.5wt%) ii) di-Ethylamine is 13.7% (in range of 0.4-0.5wt%) iii) tri-Ethylamine is 15.4% (in range of 0.4-0.5wt%) 3. The compressible strength of the cement organic substance the order of decrease are Ethanol, tri-Ethylamine, di-Ethylamine. ⅰ) Ethanol is 5-6% (decrease) ⅱ) di-Ethylamine is 4.1% (decrease) iii) tri-Ethylamine is 4.3% (decrease) 4. Absorbed amount of the organic solvents is an important factor of cement crushing system; the grinding rates are increased when the amount of grinding aid are increased. 5. The adsorptivity increased in the order of Ethanol, tri-Ethylamine, di-Ethylamine, di-Ethylamine. 6. Adsorption phenomena of Ethylamines on cement have been adsorbed to show a tendency similar to the Freundlich's adsorption isotherm equation. 7. After 6 hours of the crushing time when the increase in the crushing efflciency has taken place, the amount of adsorption has rapidly increased, while the amount of adsorption has shown almost negligible increase. 8. Crushing efflciency has been increased with the increasing amount of Ethylamines absorbed on cement i.e, the higher the absorptivity is, the better the crushing efflciency is.

英國行政法의 發展 : Dicey의 行政法否認論에서 福祉國家成立까지

鄭石圭 淸州大學校 1960 論文集 Vol.3 No.1

The background of the political thoght in England of the 19th century was individualism. Administration was satisfied with a negative maintenace of the public peace in and out of the country. Adam Smith's economic lheory of "laissez-faireism," Jhon Locke's advocation for individual rights and sancitity of property rights, and Jeremy Bentham's behaviorism based on the individualistic utilitarianism made contributions to the formation of the 19th century political philosophy. Darwin's theory of the survival of the fittest supplied the foundation for Spenser's political theory that the deformed and the people with congenital disease should not be supported for their existence. In this setting, English public law put its emphasis on freedom of property rights, contracts, and corpora; and the maximization of such freedom being the policy for the national interests and the welfare of the people, it minimized the government interference. The success of the "laissez-faireism" was literally made in a negative aspect of "do nothing." Under this circumstance, such an administrative law as to make adjusting differences between private and public interests its mission and to consider protecting the freedom and right of the people form unjust aggressions of the national authority its aim had no room for its being. It is affirmable that in such political, economical, and social environment, the so called Dicey's theory "There is no administrative law in England." was accepted in England as a sound argument. However, reaching the last half of the 19th century, the maturity of the industrial revolution made England rapidly turn from an agricultural state to a "factory of the world." concentrating the popuation into the cilies and arousing social problems such as housing, disease, smoke, etc. It changed the traditional social relations and systems from the bottom, destroyed the old village life, and brought forth the problem of the factory town. By this, an reformation was inevitable in Parliament itsefl and the middl class not only advanced to the rich class but also took possession of the political power. More impotant than this was the emergence of the modern wage earning class (the workers, though nominally free, have to sell their labor force to make living.) At this, philosophy of humanism claimed a ban on the long hour work for children and hygenic safty of the factories. Again, entering into the 20th century, it was indispensable for the increase and development of the private enterprises to bring about government interventions for the public interests and recontly led to nationalization of the important industries and business organizations. It also made it possible for the economic contral laws to be enacted for maintenance of the English position in foriegn trade and necessity of an efficient use of the insufficient materials in the national economic stand point. The "Town and Country Plannining Act, 1944" was instituted for maintenance and improvement of the soil. Moreover, such a development in social and economic legislations as the establishment of an extensive social security system which included benefits for unemployment, old-age, and disease caused the English traditional theory, Dicey's denial of the English administrative law, to come to oblteration in fact, which meant the very development of the English administrative law. Under the policy of "laissez-faireism" until the middle of the 19 th century, administration was nothing more than a negative peace preservation, but now the administrative function and method gradually became positive. Thus, the development of the English administrative law is forming in the current thought of the age. A factor I emphnsize especially in the development of the English administrative law is the course in the economical transition. The economical unequality at its extrementy as in this modern society, regardless of its origin, is not approvable in moral sense. Keynes's economic theory which was to break through the sources of the calamities The threat of the excessive differences between poor and rich, unemployment, Profound financial panic, and inflation brought about by the industrial revolution put a spur to the development of the English administrative law. The characteristic of the Keynes's claim is that the cause of the mass unemployment and the financial panic is not an essence of capitalism but has a foundation on human psychology, saying that by government contral full employment can be realized and we can escape from the social evil. I have tried, in this essay, to investigate and critisize the theoritical basis of the English administrative law which was disapproved by the Dicey's theory and to reveal the contents and the course in which the law has been developed by the request of a welfare state.

방진마스크의 Stainless steel arc 용접흄 여과효율에 관한 연구

송경석,권용식,한규태,정규혁,이용묵,유일재 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate for filtration efficiency of several dust masks, comparing with filtration efficiency certified by KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency), and to require of the right use of protective respirator. Using a welding fume generator and chamber, several dust masks, which were widely used in the workplaces in korea, were tested for their filtering efficiency for stainless steel are welding fume. The filtration efficiency testing system consisted of a welding fume generator, a chamber and a filtration unit. The filtration unit was made of a mask which was inserted into the sampling cassette and another sampling cassette, which contained mixed cellulose ester filter paper. These two cassettes were connected with tubing. Stainless steel arc welding fume generator was delivered into an chamber. The welding fume in the chamber was passed into the filtration unit with flow rate of 30 liter/min. The welding fume filtration efficiency was evaluated by gravimetric measurement. Metal concentrations in the welding fume before and after filtration were measured with inductive coupling plasma analyzer. Following results were obtained: Filtration efficiency of welding fume for comm hygienic mas was 63.82% and the average efficiencies for A, B, C, D, E, F and G masks were 94.62% 96.58%, 83.20%, 82.76%, 77.25%, 86.55% and 93.22%, respectively. Our results indicate that dust masks used widely in the welding workplaces in korea are not proper for protecting worker's health and then the use of fume mask should be required.

부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍 1례

박경식,이승현,최석영,박태규,이동화,이찬우,정성복,이인규 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍은 국내에서 7례만이 보고된 희귀 질환이며 병인 및 경과 등 아직 불분명한 측면이 많다. 이는 질환지체의 희귀성도 있지만 치료후 자연경과에 대한 장기적인 추적검사가 이루어진 경우가 드물기 때문이기도 하다. 저자들은 비특이적인 전신증상을 주소로 내원한 폐경기후의 56세 여자 환자에서 자가면역질환의 증거없이 고프로릭틴혈증을 보인 부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍 1례를 경험하고 1년간의 부신피질호르몬 대치요법후 추적검사를 실시하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare disorder which shows secondary adrenal insufficiency with normal states of other pituitary hormones. A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman complaining general weakness and intermittent mental confusion presented negligible serum cortisol and ACTH level with hyperprolactinemia and mild hyponatremia. Rapid ACTH stimulation test did not show significant increase of serum cortisol level. Combined pituitary stimulation test showed negligible response of cortisol and ACTH, and slightly decreased response of prolactin and gonadotropin. But the responses of TSH and GH were normal. There was no evidence of organic pituitary of hypothalamic lesion in brain MRI and antithyroid autoantibody was not detected in serum. After receiving 12 months of glucocorticoid replacement therapy, she skipped the medicine for 3 weeks and we performed follow-up endocrinologic tests. Serum ACTH and cortisol level was also negligible and prolonged ACTH simulation test showed normal response of serum cortisol. CRF stimulation test showed no response of serum ACTH. Basal prolactin level was decreased to near normal and combined pituitary stimulation test showed normal response of prolactin with slightly blunted response of TSH and GH. We concluded that the case was nonautoimmune origined isolated ACTH deficiency which was accompanied by hyperprolactinemia and resultant deficiency of gonadotropin, so we report this case with review of literatures.

Thermal-Analysis Modeling of High-Current Solid Targets for Radioisotope Production

Seuk-Kyu Kim,김재홍,Sang-Rok Kim 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.3

The large-scale production of various radioisotopes is usually done with a disk-type target system in which solid target materials are located in a stack with forced-water cooling. For the production of radioisotopes, metallic solid targets are irradiated by energetic protons produced by accelerators, which are capable of producing beam currents in excess of several hundreds of microamperes. Although the production yields of radioisotopes can be enhanced by employing a high-current proton beam, the maximum beam power (beam energy multiply by beam currents) deposited on targets is limited by the thermal characteristics of the target material and is associated with the loss of the target material due to high temperatures above the melting point. In this work, a computer program is applied to estimate the thermal transfer in solid targets during beam irradiation. The SRIM (stopping and ranges of ions in matter) 2003 program is used to calculate the energy deposited in the target material by using a quantum-mechanical treatment of ion-atom collisions. A detailed thermal analysis of such a solid target system under different bombardment conditions is made by means of a finite element analysis method. The results of a parameter study will be presented and discussed with the objective of maximizing the beam current limit of the solid target design employed at the 100 MeV proton accelerator facility at the Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP). The large-scale production of various radioisotopes is usually done with a disk-type target system in which solid target materials are located in a stack with forced-water cooling. For the production of radioisotopes, metallic solid targets are irradiated by energetic protons produced by accelerators, which are capable of producing beam currents in excess of several hundreds of microamperes. Although the production yields of radioisotopes can be enhanced by employing a high-current proton beam, the maximum beam power (beam energy multiply by beam currents) deposited on targets is limited by the thermal characteristics of the target material and is associated with the loss of the target material due to high temperatures above the melting point. In this work, a computer program is applied to estimate the thermal transfer in solid targets during beam irradiation. The SRIM (stopping and ranges of ions in matter) 2003 program is used to calculate the energy deposited in the target material by using a quantum-mechanical treatment of ion-atom collisions. A detailed thermal analysis of such a solid target system under different bombardment conditions is made by means of a finite element analysis method. The results of a parameter study will be presented and discussed with the objective of maximizing the beam current limit of the solid target design employed at the 100 MeV proton accelerator facility at the Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP).

濟州道 火山灰土壤의 理化學的 特性 및 有機物 性状에 關한 硏究

李相奎(Sang-Kyu Lee),車圭錫(Kyu-Seuk Cha),金仁卓(In-Tak Kim) 한국토양비료학회 1983 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Cu diffusion behavior in SiOC(-H) films with annealed Cu/SiOC(-H)/ p-Si(100)/Al metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures

Chi Kyu Choi,Heang Seuk Lee,Jong Kwan Woo,Chang Young Kim 한국진공학회 2009 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.37 No.-

線蟲 寄生 天敵 眞菌의 接種源 濃度와 溫度條件에 따른 線蟲感染 및 集團의 減少效果

Hee Kyu Kim,Mi Jeong Jeong,Ho Yul Choo,Chang Seuk Park 한국응용곤충학회 1988 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Five nematophagous fungi were evaluated for their nematicidal effect in vitro on Rhabditis sp. and Meloidogyne hapla in soil. Inocula of Arthrobotrys arthrobotryoides, A. conoides, A. oligospora, Dactylella lobata, and Fusarium oxyaporum were grown in moistened corn-sandy soil and chopped potato-sandy soil media, and incubated at 26 for one week. The prepared inocula were incorporated in autoclaved sandy soil, mixing thoroughly at rates equ-invalent to 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, and 1:400, repectively, before 80g of the mixture carrying 100 Rhabditis sp. was put into petri plates. Nematophagous fungi effectively teduced the popuation of Rhabditis sp. in soil in a week or two following treatment of the incula at concentration of 1:50 and 1:100. The optimum was at for nematicidial effect as high as 80-100%. The at the rate of 1:100 prepared incula were incorporated in auto-claved soil, where 100 Juveniles M. hapla were introduced per 80% soil. All fungi infected the M. hapla effectively in soil, caysing more than 90% mortality within one week. This result indicated the potential value of these fungi as promising biocontrol agents